信访听证的治理逻辑

“信访听证”本身是社会管理创新的一种探索,它有利于将信访的疑难重症解决于基层,也有利于缓解信访人与政府之间的紧张关系。但是,信访听证制度是否能够“包治百病”,解决信访难题？     

信访——利益互补模式

信访行为为什么会产生?信访行为的基础是什么?信访行为中政府、民众(信访人)、事件(信访件)相互沟通、理解、信任基础是什么?信访运行中各种身份、角色之间有无维系的共同点?如果从一个比较简单的角度回答这种实际上非常复杂的问题,那只能选择利益,信访之全部或者根本之解释,就是利益互补.信访行为选择的至为基本的理由,毫无疑问是利益互补.信访模式本身是一种利益互补模式.     

抓好信访稳定工作四招

近年来，合川市狠抓信访稳定工作，实现了“群众信访总量下降，进京上访下降，到市、到渝集访下降，群体性事件下降，信访人息诉息访率上升”的“四降一升”总目标。2004、2005连续两年，合川在重庆市区市县党政信访工作年度考评中获得一等奖，合川市信访办在合川市的综合目标考评中获得一等奖。     

创新体制机制抓信访

近年来,针对错综复杂的信访形势,我们坚持用群众工作办法抓信访、依法规范抓信访、创新体制机制抓信访,有效化解了大量信访问题,连续三年保持信访总量、越级访、重复访、集体访、非正常访“五下降”,连续四年保持进京赴省非访为零记录,先后荣获全省信访系统先进集体、“和谐办信”先进单位等称号,为经济社会发展创造了和谐稳定的环境。     

信访——利用互补模式

信访行为为什么会产生？信访行为的基础是什么？信访行为中政府、民众（信访人）、事件（信访件）相互沟通、理解、信任基础是什么？信访运行中各种身份、角色之间有无维系的共同点？如果从一个比较简单的角度回答这种实际上非常复杂的问题，那只能选择利益，信访之全部或者根本之解释，就是利益互补。     

构建群众信访源头治理机制

社会稳定是人民群众的共同心愿,是改革发展的重要前提.当前,我国经济社会在快速发展进步并保持总体和谐的过程中,也出现了诸如城乡及区域发展不平衡、经济社会发展不协调、部分社会成员间收入差距过大和就业压力加大、不同群体利益冲突增多等问题,群众信访形势不容乐观.随着经济社会发展的加快、改革开放的深入和社会转型的加剧,群众信访工作呈现出五个新特点:群体信访呈现"扩散效应"、政策问题引发"连锁反应"、矛盾形态呈现"交融状态"、群众信访陷入"重访怪圈"、上访影响出现"快速传播"态势.     

信访接待中须克服的几种心态

信访接待是信访工作化解矛盾的第一道关口,接待人员在工作中应努力克服以下几种心态. 上访者中多"刁民".有些信访接待者认为,上访者中真心实意反映问题的、可访可不访的、纯属无事生非的各占1/3.由于持有这种心态,接待时大多首先在心理上产生厌烦,以致情况听不进、问题搞不明、是非把不准,甚至与上访者发生言语摩擦,造成情绪对立,使矛盾化解工作一开始便陷入僵局.     

信访四题

随着转型期社会矛盾日渐尖锐，人民群众通过信访途径反映困难和问题，寻求救济的情况越来越多，期中有不少是“群体访”和“越级访”，这不仅对于维护人民群众的合法权益不利。也给社会稳定带来巨大的压力．还给信访制度本身提出了许多问题和挑战，值得我们认真思考和研究。     

我国信访问责制存在的问题研究——基于史密斯政策执行过程模型的视角

2010年9月26日,国新办发布《2009年中国人权事业的进展》白皮书,称2 009年全国信访总量同比下降2.7％,连续5年保持了下降的态势。然而公众普遍认为社会矛盾和冲突的数量反而不断增加,各级地方政府也面临的维护社会稳定的压力日益增大的难题。为什么侵害信访人的合法权益,破坏信访秩序的情况屡禁不止呢？本论文从史密斯政策执行过程模型的视角来分析我国信访问责制中存在的问题,以期完善我国信访问责机制。     

新《信访条例》亮点解读

著名法学家，全国行政法学会副会长，中国人民大学法学院教授杨建顺长期从事行政法研究，对于信访问题一直非常关注。他认为，新条例的修改，简洁而富有效率，加强了信访职能，赋予了信访部门交办权、督办权，使信访部门从单纯的收发室走出，便于信访案件的监督和相关部门的及时办理，更切实地保障了信访人的利益。     

Stress, the press, the baby and the bathwater

The most important service rendered by the press is that of educating people to approach printed matter with distrust.

Samuel Butler, 1835-1902 English novelist and satirist     

Trust, the Asymmetry Principle, and the Role of Prior Beliefs

Within the risk literature there is an ongoing debate on whether trust is vulnerable or enduring. Previous research on nuclear energy by Slovic in 1993 has shown that negative events have much greater impact on self-reported trust than do positive events. Slovic attributes this to the asymmetry principle: specifically, that trust is much easier to destroy than to create. In a questionnaire survey concerning genetically modified (GM) food in Britain (n= 396) we similarly find that negative events have a greater impact on trust than positive events. Because public opinion in Britain is skewed in the direction of opposition toward GM food, the pattern of results could either be caused by the fact that negative information is more informative than positive information (a negativity bias) or reflect the influence of people's prior attitudes toward the issue (a confirmatory bias). The results were largely in line with the confirmatory bias hypothesis: participants with clear positive or negative beliefs interpreted events in line with their existing attitude position. However, for participants with intermediate attitudes, negative items still had greater impact than the positive. This latter finding suggests that, congruent with the negativity bias hypothesis, negative information may still be more informative than positive information for undecided people. The study also identified the labeling of GM products, consulting the public, making biotechnology companies liable for any damage, and making a test available to detect GM produce as being particularly important preconditions for maintaining trust in the regulation of agricultural biotechnology.     

Equity, Efficiency, Uncertainty, and the Mitigation of Global Climate Change

Policies to mitigate potential damages from global climate change impose costs on the current generation to provide benefits to future generations. This article examines how comparisons among three stylized policies-business-as-usual, mitigation of climate change, and compensation for climate damages-depend on social preferences with respect to risk and intertemporal equity. Also examined is the opportunity-cost criterion, which asserts that mitigation should not be chosen if its net present value is smaller than that of business-as-usual. Analysis reveals that the discount factor used to evaluate whether mitigation satisfies this criterion depends on preferences regarding risk and intertemporal inequality of consumption, and on the risk of the compensation policy. Risk aversion favors mitigation over business-as-usual. If society is neutral to inequality, risk aversion disfavors compensation, but if society is inequality averse, the effect of risk aversion on preferences between compensation and business-as-usual is ambiguous. Inequality aversion tends to favor business-as-usual over both alternative policies provided that, roughly speaking, the anticipated future improvements in welfare exceed the anticipated climate damages.     

HRD,the science of the artificial

Innovation is the bedrock of organizational and national competitiveness across the globe. Leaders of research and development (R&D) teams have an especially important role to play given their direct influence on leading, organizing, rallying, and managing the operations of innovative tasks. However, when it comes to how leaders influence R&D innovation in different contexts, researchers' opinions diverge. This study explores leadership characteristics and their contextual contingencies, using the approach of a multiple case study. This paper is situated in the stream of research focusing on the interactions of leadership and contextual factors in innovation. We collected qualitative data from four highly innovative teams residing in two national laboratories in the US. The results suggest that while leadership demonstrates similarities across the four teams – a simultaneous focus on the internal and external domains, it also displays different characteristics in teams that differ on three contextual factors: funding model, nature of tasks, and team structure. Theoretical and practical implications are drawn.     

Place, Culture, and the Social Amplification of Risk

This article investigates the role of culture in the social production of risks and risk communication surrounding industrial development in a region located at a rural-urban interface. A case study examined a public consultation that was undertaken to inform local residents about an eco-industrial development proposal being planned near Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The research employed the social amplification of risk framework (SARF) to examine the relationships among culture, place, and socially constructed risk. A total of 44 in-depth, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 33 landowners (farmers, acreage owners), public officials (municipal politicians, administrators), journalists, and industry representatives. Analysis revealed that risk communication occurred in relation to situated experiences of place that were based on conflicting cultural worldviews. The research shows that place is a useful component of the SARF, providing a spatial explanation for why some people amplify, and others attenuate, risks in locally contentious environmental debates.     

Education,Matching, and the Allocative Value of Romance

Societies are characterized by customs governing the allocation of non‐market goods such as marital partnerships. We explore how such customs affect the educational investment decisions of young singles and the subsequent joint labor supply decisions of partnered couples. We consider two separate matching paradigms—one where partners marry for money and the other where partners marry for romantic reasons orthogonal to productivity or debt. Whereas marrying for money generates greater investment efficiency, romantic matching, by increasing the number of educated and talented women who participate in the labour market, increases aggregate productivity. (JEL: I21, J12, J16, J41)