Lin Yutang's Perception of the U. S. A.

IThereweremanydramatictwistsandturnsinSino-U-S.relationsinthe40yearsfromthe1911revolutionledbyDr.SunYat-sen,whichbroughttoanendthe267-yearruleoftheQingdynasty,to1949whenChiangKaisheklefttheChinesemainlandforTaiwan.Chinawasgoingthroughaperiodofgreatchangeandtransformationunprecedentedinitsmodernhistory,andtherewasheateddebateandconflictamongChinesefromallwalksoflife,includingintellectuals,overthequestionofhowtoregardtheUnitedStates.Inthelightoftheirdifferentpositions,viewpointsandattitude…     

Review of the Sino-U.S. Lend-Lease Relationship During the War Against Japanese Aggression

ⅠThelend-leaserelationshipbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStatesduringtheWarAgainstJapaneseAggression(1937-1945)wasnotonlydifferentfromalend-leaserelationshipinageneralsense,blltalsodifferedfroma1lpreviousdebtrelationshipsbetweenthetwocountriesthathadealstedsinc…     

Types of rapidly growing counties of the U.S., 1970–1990

Recent economic growth and in-migration have led to an interesting patchwork of rapidly growing counties in the United States. This paper identifies 299 U.S. counties that were growing at least 70% from 1970 to 1990, a rate greater than one standard deviation above the mean of all counties. Using a k-means cluster algorithm, seven distinct types of rapidly growing counties, with meaningful spatial patterns, were found. Four of these clusters were primarily urban: smaller fast-growing cities in the south, large sunbelt cities, as well as both white and blue-collar suburban counties ringing many of the more dynamic metropolitan regional centers of the country. Also, there were two predominately rural clusters: retirement counties and several counties in the Intermontane West characterized by environmental amenities and isolated growth. Lastly, we observed a distinct cluster of several Hispanic counties in the southwest primarily along the U.S.–Mexico border. We believe these seven clusters present a remarkably clear portrait of the significant forces underlying the rapid growth of counties in the United States.     

The political economy of U.S. economic performance: is the president responsible?

A recurring theme in electoral politics is that American voters hold the president responsible for the state of the economy. Ironically, many Presidency scholars argue that presidents are ill equipped to manage the economy because other variables compete with and complicate the effects of fiscal policy. These include international variables, private market forces, and monetary policy, among others. Using simultaneous equation methods, we examine the direct and indirect effects of fiscal policy on economic performance while controlling for a variety of other determinants of economic performance. We find that fiscal policy plays a significant role in influencing unemployment and economic growth in the United States, even after controlling for a variety of other determinants of economic performance. We close by discussing the importance of linking the econometric modeling literature with the literature on presidential management of the economy.     

U.S.Policy toward China and the Question of Recognition in 1949-1950

InaconversationwithPresidentHarryS.Trumanon17November1949,U.S.SecretaryofStateDeanAchesonsaidthereweretwoobjectivesofU.S.policytowardChina:OnemightbetoopposetheCommunistregime,harassit,needleitandifanopportunityappearedtoattempttooverthrowit.AnotherobjectiveofpolicywouldbetoattempttodetachitfromsubserviencetoMoscowandoveraperiodoftimeencouragethosevlgorousinfluenceswhichmightmodifvit....ThissecondalternativedidnotmeanapolicyanymorethanithadinthecaseofTito.1WiththesewordsAchesonenunciat…     

A Critical Review of the Issue of Cotton and Cotton Cloth Consumption in the Controversy between Kenneth Pomeranz and Philip C.C.Huang:Another Assessment with Areas South of the Yangtze River as the Main Research Object

With regard to the actual condition ofand changes in the textile consumption ofthe Chinese people since the 18th century,Xu Xinwu laid an empirical basis for assess-ing the production and consumption of cot-ton cloth in his History of Handwoven ClothSouth of the Yangtze River, with the main     

A New Realm for Mendeleyev's Theory──A Comparative Study of the Theories of B.M.Kegrov and Wang Keqiang

Thereareoftenunbelievableeventsinthehistoryofscience.Unknownamateursarelaterdiscoveredtohaveconqueredtherealmofknowledge,andtheirnamesbecamesynonymouswithdeepscientificinsight.ItapporsthatsomethingsimilarhastakenplaceinrelationtoMendeleyev'sTheory-anareainwhichcelebratedscholarshavepreviouslyruledtheroost.Thisarticlewillintroducetheacademicachievementsofamiddle-aged,selftaughtscholar-WangKeqiang-whohasachievedabreakthroughinthestudyofMendeleyev'sscientificmethodology.Ⅰ.Kegrov'sMainAchievem…     

On the Historic Evolution of the Tibetan Policy of the American Government

The Tibet policy of the American government is part of its China policy.From     

On the Theoretical Positioning of the Philosophy of Culture

The philosophy of culture became aprominent school of thought in Chinese philo-sophical circles in the 1980s and 1990s.However, one of the major problems con-fronted by studies of the philosophy of cul-ture is its indistinct theoretical boundaries,largely due to the uncertainty of the categoryof culture.     

On the Globalization of the Economy

Somepeopletracetheglobalizationoftheeconomybacktothe15thcentury,whencapitalismwasinitsembryonicstageinEuropeandEuropeanmerchantsbegantodobusinesswithothercontinents.However,thistradeofapIunderingnaturewasonlyapreludetomoderncapitalistlarge-scaleproductionandworldmarkets,apreparationforthelaterinternationalizationofproductionandtheglobalizationoftheeconomyweseetoday.Inthemid-l8thcentury,thefirstscientificandtechnologicalandindustrialrevolutionsoccurred,resultinginthetransformationofhandicraftp…     

The Formation and Main Breakthroughs of the Theory of a Socialist Market Economy-In Celebration of the Twentieth Anniversary of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

Withoutacorrectreformtheorytherewouldbenosuccessfulreformpractice.ThebasicreasonforthetremendousachievementsinChina'sreformandopening-upsincetheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeinDecember1978isthattheyhavebeencarriedoutundertheguidanceofDengXiaopingtheory.DengXiaopingtheoryincorporatesextensiveknowledgeandprofoundscholarshipandconstitutesascientificsystem.DengXiaoping'seconomictheoryisaveryimportantcomponentofthisscientificsystemandthesocialistpoliticaleconomicsincontempora…     

Declaration of the Aesthetics of Comedy

当前中国的美学研究是在传统的知识论哲学的基础上进行的,因而"什么是美?"就成了美学研究的根本问题。本文认为,应当从生存论哲学的立场出发去研究美学。这样一来,美学研究的根本问题就转换成"为什么人类需要美?"在人类发展的历史上,之所以会产生美的意识,并逐步形成一门相对独立的学科,是因为美学对人类的生存是有意义的。谁都不会否认,异化、紧张和冲突构成了当代人的生存状态,因而当代人的主导性的审美需要不再是加剧这一状态的悲剧美学,而是喜剧美学。喜剧美学的核心是通过喜剧性(轻松、俏皮、滑稽和幽默)消解异化、紧张和冲突得以形成的不切实际的理想,从而激发当代人的生命力和创造性,使他们从精神上逐步摆脱并超越这一生存状态。     

A Collectionof Discourseson Philosophy of the Economy TheRise of Philosophy of the Economyin China

ＩｎＣｈｉｎａｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎ ｐａｉｄｉｎｒｅｃｅｎｔ ｙｅａｒｓｔｏｐｈｉｌｏｓｏｐｈｙｏｆｔｈｅｅｃｏｎｏｍｙｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｎｅｃｅｓｓｉｔｙｆｅｌｔｄｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｅｏｎｇｏｉｎｇｓｏｃｉａｌｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｆｏｒａｎｉｎ ｄｅｐｔｈｅｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｕｃｈａｐｈｉｌｏｓｏｐｈｙ .Ｃｈｉｎａｉｓｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｌｙｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｉｎｇｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｆｏｕｎｄｅｓｔｓｏｃｉａｌｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｉｎｈｅｒｈｉｓｔｏｒｙ ,…     

The Sociology of Practice and the Analysis of the Practical Process of Market Transition

“市场转型理论”有四个特点:第一,所关心的主要是正式组织和制度等结构性特征。第二,对于结构性特征的关注,主要是通过大规模问卷调查的方式进行的。第三,基本的理论视角是自上而下的。第四,布达佩斯学派所研究的市场转型国家,主要是东欧,特别是中欧的匈牙利。在这些社会中,市场转型伴随着政体的断裂。本文以对中国市场转型的经验性研究为基础,提出一种“对市场转型实践过程的分析”的研究路径。这种研究路径强调面对市场转型的具体实践过程,通过对市场转型中的过程、机制、技术和逻辑的关注,来实现对市场转型的新的理解。这种路径在方法上更加重视深度的个案研究,并通过将“日常生活”看作是“上”“下”两种力量互动的舞台,来综合“自上而下”和“自下而上”两种互相对立的视角。     

On the Character of Universality:A Comparative Study on the Mor-phology of the Traditional Phi-losophies of China and the West

Since the era of Plato and Aristotle,Western philosophy has defined the pursuitof universal knowledge as its final goal, lead-ing to the rise of the absolute concept ofuniversality and the world of absolute prin-ciples composed of universal concepts. Tra-ditional philosophy in the West is a learningin search of universal knowledge while thehighest aim for traditional Chinese philoso-phy is to acquire the realm of Tao. This isthe demarcation line dividing the morphol-ogy of the traditional ph…     

Viewing the Socialist Market Economy in the Light of the Dual Nature of Labor

Thesocialistmarketeconomyisaneweconomicforminthehistoryofmankind.Inordertounderstandthecomplexrelationshipswithinthesocialistmarketeconomy,IbelieveonemustgraspthemostbasicandimPortantprincipleofhistoricalmaterialism,thatis,Marx'sconceptofthedualnatureoflabor.Anydiscussionofthistopicmuststartwiththesocializationofman'slabor.Inthedifferenthistoricalstagesofthedevelopmentofsocialproductionforces,thesocialnatureoflabormanifestsindifferentforms.Inanaturaleconomy,sociallaboristobefoundwithinthenar…     

The Shun Culture Is the Origin of the Moral Culture of the Chinese Nation

According to the 1atest findings of the“Xia—Shang—Zhou Dynasties Dating Project,     

A Milestone in the Development of the Philosophy of Value-Deng Xiaoping's Important Contribution to the Philosophy of Value

Thephilosophyofvalueemergedasanewbranchofphilosophyinthelate19th-early2Othcentury.Intheonehundredorsoyearsofitshistoryithashobbledalongarough,bumpyroad,andhasexertedlittleinfluenceonthedevelopmentofinternationalphilosophy.Thisisduetomanyfactors,themostimportantofwhichisthecomplexityinherentinthequestionofvalue.Noanswerswerefoundforalongtimetothefollowingquestions:1.Theessenceofvalue.Whatisvalue?Howcanitbedefined?Howshouldweunderstandtheessenceofvalue?2.Theevaluationofvalue.Howdoweevaluateva…