阿拉伯国家在巴以问题上的民族主义

阿拉伯国家在摆脱殖民压迫，建立独立国家后，国家主权意识不断加强，大多数阿拉伯国家在处理巴以问题时，逐渐把本国的国家利益放在了首位。二战后，阿拉伯国家在意识形态领域经历了从阿拉伯民族主义到国家民族主义的演变过程。这一过程也是阿拉伯国家承认以色列、与以色列和解的过程。没有阿拉伯国家在思想领域的这一变化，就不会有中东和平进程。     

阿拉伯国家支持巴勒斯坦事业的双重性

基于阿拉伯民族主义共同利益,阿拉伯国家均支持巴勒斯坦人事业,这为巴勒斯坦人的长期斗争提供了可能.然而,在支持巴勒斯坦人的同时,阿拉伯各国又有着不同的利益考量,这对巴勒斯坦问题产生了一些消极影响.阿拉伯国家对巴勒斯坦问题的政策,在深层次上反映了阿拉伯民族主义和地方阿拉伯民族主义之间的关系,即阿拉伯民族主义往往是实现地方阿拉伯民族主义利益的一种工具或手段.     

阿拉伯国家支持巴勒斯坦事业的双重性

基于阿拉伯民族主义共同利益，阿拉伯国家均支持巴勒斯坦人事业，这为巴勒斯坦人的长期斗争提供了可能。然而，在支持巴勒斯坦人的同时，阿拉伯各国又有着不同的利益考量，这对巴勒斯坦问题产生了一些消极影响。阿拉伯国家对巴勒斯坦问题的政策，在深层次上反映了阿拉伯民族主义和地方阿拉伯民族主义之间的关系，即阿拉伯民族主义往往是实现地方阿拉伯民族主义利益的一种工具或手段。     

以色列的核威慑策略和阿拉伯国家的应策

以色列自立国以来,一贯奉行实力扩张政策,尤其是在核武器领域,长期实施模糊策略,利用各种方式向阿拉伯国家暗示,它已拥有一定的核打击力量,藉此对阿拉伯国家施压.美国长期奉行偏袒以色列的政策,并给予大量军援,加上以色列本身进行的大量的军事研究和新武器开发,其军事优势显而易见,近期内尚没有一个阿拉伯国家能在军事力量上望其项背.以色列的核威慑策略客观上对阿拉伯国家形成了威胁.     

论以色列阿拉伯人的政治参与

以色列人口中有20%是阿拉伯公民.在2009年2月举行的以色列第18届国会选举中有13名阿拉伯议员当选,在国会中所占的比例远低于其人口比例.这些阿拉伯议员分别来自阿拉伯民族主义政党、以色列共产党和三个犹太复国主义政党.从以色列建国60年来阿拉伯公民参加国会选举的情况分析,阿拉伯公民在以色列的政治参与经历了"质与量"两方面的变化,即政治自决程度从低到高、从附属走向独立;但同时阿拉伯公民的政治参与度却逐渐走低,尤其是进入21世纪以来甚至降到了很危险的地步.阿拉伯公民对政治现状失去信心和热情,不仅削弱了以色列左翼势力,也在相当程度上影响了以色列国内政局的发展以及中东政策的制定.     

论以色列阿拉伯人的政治参与

以色列人口中有20%是阿拉伯公民。在2009年2月举行的以色列第18届国会选举中有13名阿拉伯议员当选,在国会中所占的比例远低于其人口比例。这些阿拉伯议员分别来自阿拉伯民族主义政党、以色列共产党和三个犹太复国主义政党。从以色列建国60年来阿拉伯公民参加国会选举的情况分析,阿拉伯公民在以色列的政治参与经历了质与量两方面的变化,即政治自决程度从低到高、从附属走向独立;但同时阿拉伯公民的政治参与度却逐渐走低,尤其是进入21世纪以来甚至降到了很危险的地步。阿拉伯公民对政治现状失去信心和热情,不仅削弱了以色列左翼势力,也在相当程度上影响了以色列国内政局的发展以及中东政策的制定。     

以色列的核威慑策略和阿拉伯国家的应策

以色利自立国以来,一贯奉行实力扩张政策,尤其是在核武器领域,长期实施模糊策略,利用各种方式向阿拉伯国家暗示,它已拥有一定的核打击力量,藉此对阿拉伯国家施压,美国长期奉行偏袒以色列的政策,并给予大量军核,加上以色列本身进行的大量的军事研究和新武器开发,其军事优势显而易见,近期内尚没有一个阿拉伯国家能在军事力量上望其项背,以色列的核威慑策略客观上对阿拉伯国家形成了威胁。     

以色列阿拉伯公民的发展现状及其政治意识

以色列建国61年来,尽管其阿拉伯公民的社会地位和生活境况已有了很大改善,但他们并没有完全融入以色列社会.以色列作为一个犹太国家和西方民主国家的双重特性,决定了其对阿拉伯公民实行的是一种表面上平等而实质上则是剥夺与压迫、歧视、隔离和分化的政策.以色列阿拉伯公民的民族政治意识经历了几个发展阶段,已克服了最初的混乱和迷惘,将争取自己在以色列国内的平等地位和权利作为自己的目标,并提出了明确的政治愿景,对以色列的立国理念--锡安主义形成了挑战.正视阿拉伯公民的合理要求并将其纳入以色列民族国家构建的范畴之内,不仅关系到以色列国家的稳定和发展,而且对未来巴勒斯坦建国进程及其巴以关系的走向也将产生重要影响.     

1916—1918阿拉伯民族大起义述评

第一次世界大战后期爆发的阿拉伯民族大起义是阿拉伯民族史上的一个重要的里程碑。它揭开了建立阿拉伯现代民族国家的历史序幕,对阿拉伯民族主义的发展进程产生了深远的影响。一阿拉伯民族大起义同阿拉伯民族主义的发展密切相联。在伊斯兰教兴起时期,阿拉伯人曾创造过辉煌灿烂的文明。但随着阿拉伯帝国的瓦解和崩溃,从16世纪起,阿拉伯人沦为奥斯曼帝国的臣民。到19世纪后半叶,在西方民族主义思想的影响下,阿拉伯人     

萨提·胡斯里的阿拉伯民族主义思想与伊斯兰教

本文在对萨提·胡斯里的生平与著作进行了简单介绍后分析了他的阿拉伯民族主义思想与伊斯兰教的关系:在民族、民族主义与宗教的关系问题上,萨提·胡斯里把语言和历史作为民族和民族主义的基础与构成要素,反对把宗教作为民族和民族主义的基础.在阿拉伯民族主义与泛伊斯兰主义的关系问题上,胡斯里提出了反对泛伊斯兰主义的"穆斯林统一",倡导"阿拉伯统一"的政治主张,实际上也就是以泛阿拉伯主义取代泛伊斯兰主义.     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

The frequency of sexual abuse and depression in a sample of street children of one of deprived districts of Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual abuse and depression among street children who live in a deprived district of Tehran. The researchers used the K-SADS questionnaire and a clinical interview were used to evaluate depression and sexual abuse in 87 street children in Tehran. Eighteen (20.9%) of the children had been sexually abused. Depressed children were 3.2 times more likely to be sexually abused than non-depressed children. Furthermore, 26 girls (86.7%) and 27 boys (48.2%) suffered from depression. The frequency of depression demonstrated a significant association with the father's or breadwinner's history of imprisonment or unemployment. Interventional programs providing education and support should be implemented for street children.     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹,城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市,2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望,然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意,没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义,每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题,把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

The impact of generation and country of origin on the mental health of children of immigrants

The authors reexamine the study of generational differences in adjustment among the children of immigrants by arguing that the country of origin defines and shapes the adaptation process across generations. Using a sample of children in Toronto, the authors demonstrate that generational differences in the mental health of children occur only in families from countries of origin at the lowest levels of economic development. Among those at the lowest levels of economic development, a mental health advantage in the first generation evolves to a disadvantage in the 2.5 generation relative to third or later generational children. Children from backgrounds characterized by higher economic development show no initial or eventual differences from the native born. Using data from the Toronto Study of Intact Families, the authors are able to explain differences among children from low economic development backgrounds specifically in terms of increasing family conflict and decreasing school involvement across generations.     

Structuring of manual of orientations and technical information for laundries of industries of animal products origin

This study looked for to lift information regarding laundries inserted in industries of animal products origin, to understand the activities developed in the section and to structure a Manual of Planning and Technical Information for laundries to industries of animal products origin, with the intention of subsidizing the planning, structuring and control of this work place, because norms or regulations that supervise don't exist or aid their managers and workers as for the operation of this work place.     

Evaluation of the location of cities in terms of land cover on the example of Poland

Urban Ecosystems - The increasing availability of remote sensing materials of varying spatial resolution inclines to look for methods enabling their use, both at planning the spatial structure of...