计算机辅助问卷调查中敏感问题数据的质量评价

已有的评价敏感问题调查方法的研究主要是通过比较不同调查方法下敏感行为发生率的高低,而运用平均回答问题时间来对敏感问题问卷质量进行评价的研究很少。文章以2006年《中国人性行为和性关系》调查数据为例,根据平均回答时间来筛选问题样本;并对问题样本对应的被调查者和剩余被调查者的特征进行比较。结果显示,问题样本对应的被调查者的特征、自评价及调查员的评价在一定程度上得到了相互印证。因此根据平均回答时间来进行问题数据的识别是可行的。     

减少调查员偏差应采取的对策

在访问调查和电话调查中,调查员提问的方式、顺序、态度以及其身份、特征都会影响被调查者的回答,此外,调查员的理解、记忆、记录都可能产生误差。由于调查员的原因引起的误差有些具有系统性,形成调查员偏差。本文论述了减少调查员偏差应采取的对策。     

对完善我国工业抽样调查问卷的思考

调查问卷设计的方法和步骤 调查问卷(或调查表、统计表)是为从被调查者那里获得某个主题信息而专门设计的一组或一系列问题、指标。调查问卷包括用于抽样调查和普查的统计表，也包括行政登记表。可由调查员通过访问完成，也可由被调查者填写。调查问卷在数据收集过程中起着核心作用，对其设计的好坏，直接影响数据质量。 调查问卷，一般有问题型、指标型和问题、指标结合型三种。问题型问卷设计，要根据调查主题确定采用开放式问题，还是封闭式问题类型。开放式问题是不向被调查者提供回答选项的问题。而封闭式问题是在提出问题的同时…     

建立稳定的调查员队伍是做好劳动力抽样调查的前提

近几年,随着统计方法制度改革的不断深化,区一级统计部门所承担的统计任务越来越重,除了要做好各专业的日常的统计报表工作外,还要承担多项调查任务,每年的人口和劳动力抽样调查,调查小区多、任务重,基层统计部门人员少,直接进行入户登记调查存在一定的困难。2008年以前,劳动力抽样调查的调查员主要由抽中小区的社区工作人员担任此项工作,虽然多次强调抽调的人员要有从事过人口和劳动力抽样调查的社区人员中挑选,但社区工作千头万绪,在抽调人员上存在一定的困难,无法保证抽调从事过此项调查工作的人员来承担,每次的调查人员都在发生变动,人员不固定,统计局投入大量的人力对调查员进行调查内容的培训,从培训的情况来看,调查员能够掌握调查表的指标和内容,并每次都能通过考试,但在正式入户登记中,调查表中仍然存在一些问题,调查员对有些问题按照自己的理解去做,人记录指标之间圈填时容易产生逻辑性错误和矛盾;有些调查问题比较敏感,由于调查员提问方式不当而引起被调查者拒绝回答或回复不真实,不能得到真实的答案,对调查结果有明显的影响,反映不出调查失业率的真实数据。基层统计部门耗费大量时间在对有疑问的调查表进行抽查入户和对调查表的审表工作上,任务和力量的矛盾...     

敏感性问题调查的几种方法与比较

所谓敏感性问题,是指与个人或单位的隐私或私人利益有关的而不便向外界透露的问题,敏感性问题广泛存在于政府、军事、企业商务、家庭等领域。 抽样调查方法是从部分样本来推断或估计总体的某些特征或数量指标。要想获得理想的推断结果,要求被调查者的回答必须是真实的。但是对于上述敏感问题,若采用直接回答的方式,被调查者为了保护自己的隐私或其它目的,     

沃纳模型在社会问卷调查中的应用及改进

随机化调查是一种特殊的数据采集技术,使得调查者既得到了某种敏感问题的信息又保护了被调查者的隐私。文章研究了沃纳模型在社会调查问卷中的应用,根据不同的抽样方法,给出了四种问卷回答方案;且通过模拟试验,比较了四个方案的优劣。     

Logit模型在居民生活满意度评价中的应用

一、样本与数据本文为了研究被调查者的收入和学历对其生活满意度评价的影响,对居民现阶段的生活满意度评价情况进行了相关调查。调查采用网络在线调查和电子     

浅谈被调查者自填法统计中存在的问题

被调查者自填法是调查人员将调查表送交被调查者，说明填表的要求和方法，由被调查者根据实际情况，按照表中的项目自己填写，由被调查人审核收回，以取得资料的方法．目前职工家庭收入情况调查就是采用这种方法，这是一种采用标准的调查程序，通过大量样本收集数据资料并对数据资料进行统计分析的调查研究方法。由于这种方法可以节省大量人力、物力、财力和时间，又方便易行．目前，已成为各种调查研究的主要方法之一。随着这一方式的广泛使用．相应地～些问题也显露出来。一、准备工作做得不好被调查者自填表，是用一种一发一收的方式，调…     

培养高素质的入户调查员——从参加劳动力调查实践所想到的

在中国人民大学研究生学习将结束之际,我有幸在北京市海淀区参加了2005年11月份的劳动力抽样调查,这项调查是与1%人口抽样调查同时进行的。实践使我深深体会到,调查员的素质是入户调查成败的关键。调查员是抽样调查活动中的主动因素,他们是入户调查的实施者,他们的专业知识、谈话方式、说话的语速、行为举止都有可能影响调查的结果。调查员的提问用语、提问方式、追问方式、行为中明显指示等都会影响被调查者回答问题的准确性;调查员对问题的答案流露出的倾向性和调查员工作不认真造成的记录错误等都会导致非抽样误差。调查人员素质是产生调…     

随机化回答模型的探讨

随机化回答模型的探讨／赵俊康在社会调查中,打许多涉及被调查者隐私的问题,如储蓄、收入、吸毒、性关系等等,一般称为社会敏感问题。采用通常的方法对社会敏感问题进行调查,很难取得真实可靠的资料。为此,沃纳（ｗａｒｎｅｒ）于１９６５年设计出一种随机化回答模型...     

Methodology of the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles

"The preparation and fieldwork for the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles was carried out between 1987-1991. The survey was a combination of a face-to-face interview and self-completion questionnaire and comprised 18,876 individuals aged 16-59 years in Great Britain. The response rate was similar to other sample surveys on less sensitive topics. Women were overrepresented but the distributions of other demographic characteristics were similar to other data sets. The external validity and internal consistency of the data were found to be adequate. The likely sources and effects of bias are discussed."     

Estimating sensitive proportions by Warner’s randomized response technique using multiple randomized responses from distinct persons sampled

In 1965 Warner pioneered randomized response techniques to estimate the proportion of people bearing a sensitive characteristic. He restricted applying his randomized response device to gather data on sensitive issues from respondents chosen by simple random sampling with replacement (SRSWR). It has spawned numerous ramifications. We present results for the situation where the distinct persons chosen in an SRSWR are identified but each one independently gives a randomized response by Warner’s device, repeated as many times as he/she is selected. Two new estimators are proposed for the sensitive proportion and compared against relevant competitors.     

Dealing with non-ignorable non-response by using an 'enthusiasm-to-respond' variable

In the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (NATSSAL), it is recognized that non-response is unlikely to be ignorable. In some surveys, in addition to the response variables of interest, there may also be an 'enthusiasm-to-respond' variable which is expected to be related to the probabilities of item and unit response. Inference techniques to deal with non-ignorable non-response, based on a propensity-to-respond score, can be developed when there are both item and unit non-responders. For the NATSSAL data, an interviewer-measured interviewee embarrassment variable is combined with demographics to produce a score for the propensity to respond. The necessary likelihood development is outlined and alternative approaches to interval estimation are compared. The methodology is illustrated through an estimation of virginity from NATSSAL data.     

Sensitivity analysis of reliability functions of the exponential power series lifetime distribution

ABSTRACT

Hazard rate functions are often used in modeling of lifetime data. The Exponential Power Series (EPS) family has a monotone hazard rate function. In this article, the influence of input factors such as time and parameters on the variability of hazard rate function is assessed by local and global sensitivity analysis. Two different indices based on local and global sensitivity indices are presented. The simulation results for two datasets show that the hazard rate functions of the EPS family are sensitive to input parameters. The results also show that the hazard rate function of the EPS family is more sensitive to the exponential distribution than power series distributions.     

A SEMIPARAMETRIC MODEL FOR A FUNCTIONAL BEHAVIOURAL RESPONSE TO CAPTURE IN CAPTURE–RECAPTURE EXPERIMENTS

Capture–recapture experiments are commonly used to estimate the size of a closed population. However, the associated estimators of the population size are well known to be highly sensitive to misspecification of the capture probabilities. To address this, we present a general semiparametric framework for the analysis of capture–recapture experiments when the capture probability depends on individual characteristics, time effects and behavioural response. This generalizes well‐known general parametric capture–recapture models and extends previous semiparametric models in which there is no time dependence or behavioural response. The method is evaluated in simulations and applied to two real data sets.     

Average run lengths for cusum control charts applied to residuals

A common approach to building control charts for autocorrelated data is to apply classical SPC to the residuals from a time series model of the process. However, Shewhart charts and even CUSUM charts are less sensitive to small shifts in the process mean when applied to residuals than when applied to independent data. Using an approximate analytical model, we show that the average run length of a CUSUM chart for residuals can be reduced substantially by modifying traditional chart design guidelines to account for the degree of autocorrelation in the data.     

我国城乡居民消费行为差异研究

本文使用1978-2014年我国居民消费数据,研究城乡居民的消费总量、收支结构、平均消费倾向、边际消费倾向和恩格尔系数等差异,并选取31个省市的面板数据构建城乡消费模型进行分析。结果表明：①城乡居民消费行为可分三个阶段,城乡差距经历两个轮回,现在第二轮扩张期。②相对而言,农村居民收入低消费率高支出结构固化,对物价变动有滞后性和拖尾性,近期在城镇居民平均消费倾向持续走低时平稳走高。③城镇居民自发消费与边际消费倾向大致呈反比,同一城市的城乡居民自发消费与边际消费倾向相关性不强。文章建议,降低城乡交通通信类支出,扩大城乡家庭设备及用品类市场和农村文教娱乐类市场,提高农村居民健康及医疗保障水平。     

Some estimation procedures of sensitive character using scrambled response techniques in successive sampling

This paper is an attempt to analyze the effect of scrambled response techniques to estimate the current population mean in two-occasion successive sampling when study and auxiliary variables are sensitive in nature. Using additive and multiplicative scrambled response models on both occasions, some generalized estimation strategies of current population mean have been proposed and their properties are examined. Empirical studies are performed on real data (abortion rate in the states of United States) and simulation studies are also carried out to evaluate the performances of the proposed estimators over other estimators. Results have proved the worthiness of the scrambled response techniques in real-life situations.     

Transformed symmetric generalized autoregressive moving average models

Cordeiro and Andrade [Transformed generalized linear models. J Stat Plan Inference. 2009;139:2970–2987] incorporated the idea of transforming the response variable to the generalized autoregressive moving average (GARMA) model, introduced by Benjamin et al. [Generalized autoregressive moving average models. J Am Stat Assoc. 2003;98:214–223], thus developing the transformed generalized autoregressive moving average (TGARMA) model. The goal of this article is to develop the TGARMA model for symmetric continuous conditional distributions with a possible nonlinear structure for the mean that enables the fitting of a wide range of models to several time series data types. We derive an iterative process for estimating the parameters of the new model by maximum likelihood and obtain a simple formula to estimate the parameter that defines the transformation of the response variable. Furthermore, we determine the moments of the original dependent variable which generalize previous published results. We illustrate the theory by means of real data sets and evaluate the results developed through simulation studies.     

Estimating the prevalence of sensitive behaviour and cheating with a dual design for direct questioning and randomized response

Randomized response is a misclassification design to estimate the prevalence of sensitive behaviour. Respondents who do not follow the instructions of the design are considered to be cheating. A mixture model is proposed to estimate the prevalence of sensitive behaviour and cheating in the case of a dual sampling scheme with direct questioning and randomized response. The mixing weight is the probability of cheating, where cheating is modelled separately for direct questioning and randomized response. For Bayesian inference, Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling is applied to sample parameter values from the posterior. The model makes it possible to analyse dual sample scheme data in a unified way and to assess cheating for direct questions as well as for randomized response questions. The research is illustrated with randomized response data concerning violations of regulations for social benefit.