论人力资本投资的风险与防范

人力资本投资在现代人力资源管理中的地位越来越重要,已成企业管理的核心内容。在人力资本投资中存在着各种风险,因此加强对人力资本投资风险的防范愈来愈重要,需要从工作分析、人员测评、人力资本投资收益分析、降低核心员工流失等方面做好投资风险防范工作。     

我国技工短缺的原因探析

随着经济的快速发展,中国日益成为世界的“制造工厂”。这形成了对技术工人数量和质量的更高要求,但我国现有的技术工人不仅在数量上短缺,而且在质量上也相对较低,尤其是高技能人才严重短缺,远低于发达国家水平。我国为什么会出现如此严重的技工短缺呢?归根到底,是由于专用性人力资本投资不足所致。根据人力资本理论,人力资本按其经济适用范围可以分为通用性人力资本和专用性人力资本两大范畴,相应地,人力资本投资也就分为通用性人力资本投资和专用性人力资本投资。一般来说,学校中的学历教育培养的主要是通用性人力资本,而职业技术学校中的…     

高等教育效益评价指标研究

高等教育投资的收益不但包括了接受投资的对象和受教育者本人所获得的收益,同时还包括了上述主体不能完全占有、从而成为社会其他成员所共同享有的各种有形或无形的收益。高等教育投资效益可分为两个方面：即间接效益和直接效益。间接效益包括为社会带来的宏观效益和利益以及给整个国民经济带来的经济效益。直接效益是指高等学校培养高级专门人才的数量、质量,高校科研成果的产出以及为社会服务的好坏等方面所体     

企业人力资本投资的收益分析

人力资本投资是指企业为了可持续生存与发展,为努力提高企业的人力资本存量而做的各种消耗成本的工作。企业人力资本投资是一种投资行为,而人力资本投资不同于物质资本投资,人员在接受人力资本投资后不一定能带来直接的经济效益,企业人力资本投资的计算也存在诸多的不确定因素,在计算人力资本投资收益时,不仅要计算经济方面的收益,也要重视非经济因素的衡量。企业资本投资的特点1.滞后性。与一股投资相比,企业人力资本投资具有明显的滞后性。物质资本投资发生后,周期较短,多数在一个会计间内即可产生收益,而人力资本投资却是一个长期的过程,…     

种子企业人力资本投资风险成因及其防范

随着我国“种子法”的颁布实施和加入WTO,我国种业原有的行政、地域区划和国有种子公司独家经营的局面一去不返,呈现出竞争主体多元化、竞争范围扩大化、竞争资本集中化和竞争形势白热化的种业新格局。种子行业具有专业性强、科技含量高、风险大、责任重的特点,在品种繁育、质量检测、经营管理等方面对人才的要求很高。因此,种业内企业之间的竞争实质上是人才的竞争,重视人力资本投资将成为种子企业在竞争中立于不败之地的不二法宝。然而,人力资本作为一种     

民营企业诚信经营的成本与收益分析

诚信是企业最大的资源,只有诚信的企业才能换来社会的信任。诚信经营不仅有利于民营企业获取供应商、销售商、顾客、投资者、员工等的信赖,而且可为民营企业带来巨大的收益,保证企业保持竞争优势和可持续发展。当然诚信经营也需要付出一定的成本。目前一些民营企业对诚信经营的收益和成本认识不清,只注意到诚信经营所花费的相对较多的直接成本,而对失信所带来的巨额损失较少考虑或存在侥幸心理;只注意到诚信经营所带来的有形收益,而没有注意到诚信经营所带来的巨大的无形收益。因而依然存在着严重的诚信缺失行为,其最终结果是使这些企业不能…     

武汉城市圈软环境优化研究

时至今日,区域经济发展的推动力已从较为单纯的政策性因素形成的优势主导型,转变为综合环境因素形成的优势主导型,随之而来的经济发展竞争更多地体现为综合经济环境的竞争,区域经济发展环境尤其是软环境对该区域经济发展的影响已越来越明显。正如我国著名经济学家吴敬琏所说,决定一个国家、一个地区乃至一个企业高新技术发展状况的最主要因素,不是物质资本的数量和质量,而是与人力资本潜力发挥相关的经济组织结构和文化传统等社会因素。     

人力资本参与企业收益分配问题探析

人力资本作为一种主要的生产要素,对产出的贡献被证实,理应拥有对企业收益的分配权。然而这种分配权在我国现行的财务制度中却没有得到体现或安排,这不利于人力资本的经营和经济的发展。本文在分析人力资本参与企业收益分配的依据和意义的基础上提出了在资产负债、价值补偿、剩余索取权方面的财务制度安排。     

人力心理资本管理评述

随着经济快速发展所带来的强烈竞争,让人们意识到不仅物质资本、社会资本和人力资本是企业成功和发展的保障,员工心理资本也是企业组织获取竞争优势的又一重要来源。本文试从人力心理资本的定义出发,探讨心理资本的作用机制以及管理开发的方法。     

投资组合收益风险模型的研究

在目前日益竞争激烈的投资市场上,投资者们不可能投资单一的项目,因为这样会带来巨大的损失风险。因此如何保持一定的收益水平上尽大可能的降低投资管理风险,或保持一定风险的基础上来尽大可能提高投资收益水平是投资者们最想达到的状态。但由于投资市场的不确定因素众多,因此如何通过数学模型的方法对其进行有效研究是亟待解决的问题之一。因此本文基于众多因素,并利用著名的投资组合收益风险模型对投资市场的最优性与有效性进行一定的研究。最后并对投资市场的实际情形进行计算与仿真。     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

The frequency of sexual abuse and depression in a sample of street children of one of deprived districts of Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual abuse and depression among street children who live in a deprived district of Tehran. The researchers used the K-SADS questionnaire and a clinical interview were used to evaluate depression and sexual abuse in 87 street children in Tehran. Eighteen (20.9%) of the children had been sexually abused. Depressed children were 3.2 times more likely to be sexually abused than non-depressed children. Furthermore, 26 girls (86.7%) and 27 boys (48.2%) suffered from depression. The frequency of depression demonstrated a significant association with the father's or breadwinner's history of imprisonment or unemployment. Interventional programs providing education and support should be implemented for street children.     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹,城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市,2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望,然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意,没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义,每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题,把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

Evaluation of the location of cities in terms of land cover on the example of Poland

Urban Ecosystems - The increasing availability of remote sensing materials of varying spatial resolution inclines to look for methods enabling their use, both at planning the spatial structure of...     

Content-masking methods as determinants of results of studies of nonverbal communication

The present study was designed to determine whether the technique used to control the semantic content of emotional communications might influence the results of research on the effects of gender, age, and particular affects on accuracy of decoding tone of voice. Male and female college and elementary school students decoded a 48-item audio tape-recording of emotional expressions encoded by two children and two college students. Six emotions — anger, fear, happiness, jealousy, pride and sadness — were expressed in two types of content-standard messages, namely letters of the alphabet and an affectively neutral sentence. The results of the study indicate that different methods for controlling content can indeed influence the results of studies of determinants of decoding performance. Overall, subjects demonstrated greater accuracy when decoding emotions expressed in the standard sentence than when decoding emotions embedded in letters of the alphabet. A technique by emotion interaction, however, revealed that this was especially true for the purer emotions of anger, fear, happiness and sadness. Subjects identified the less pure emotions of jealousy and pride relatively more accurately when these emotions were embedded in the alphabet technique. The implications of these results for research concerning the vocal communication of affect are briefly discussed.Preparation of this article was supported in part by the National Science Foundation.     

Predictors of Substance Use and Mental Health of Children of Divorce

Abstract

This short-term longitudinal study examined psycho-social influences on substance use and mental health among children of divorced parents. The sample consisted of ethnically diverse fifth and sixth grade students, and compared children of divorced parents (CODPs; N = 176), who were an average of four years post-divorce, with children of married parents (COMPs; N = 213) who had never divorced. CODPs reported more life stress, less problem-focused coping, and more substance-using friends and family members than COMPs. Further, these variables were significantly related to CODPs' greater reported substance use, aggressive behavior, and depression than COMPs cross-sectionally, and longitudinally, four months later. The results suggest the importance of including both substance use and mental health outcomes in preventive interventions for CODPs.     

摩洛哥官方语言政策变迁背景分析

2011年7月2日,摩洛哥通过新宪法修改草案,确定柏柏尔语同阿拉伯语并列为摩洛哥的官方语言。自1956年独立后,摩洛哥官方语言政策经历了阿拉伯语独尊的"一元化"以及阿拉伯语和柏柏尔语并重的"二元化"两大阶段的发展和变迁。本文结合摩洛哥柏柏尔文化运动的发展状况,对摩洛哥政府放弃单一化、采取多元化官方语言政策的政治和文化背景进行分析,揭示官方语言政策与语言权利、话语权和国民身份认同等要素之间的互动关系,并从国内、地区和国际局势等层面分析摩洛哥官方语言政策变迁的影响。