Rediscovering schools for Jewish girls in Tsarist Russia

ABSTRACT

The Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee (JAFC), established in the early phase of the Soviet-Nazi war as a propaganda unit, gradually developed links with foreign Jewish organizations and began to act as a body taking responsibility for Soviet Jewish citizens’ interests. The turning point in the JAFC's destiny was the 1943 trip of its top representatives, Solomon Mikhoels and Itsik Fefer, to the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Britain. The success of their tour had encouraged the committee to extend the areas of its activity and, at the same time, had drawn a more attantive gaze of the Soviet secret police. In 1948, the decision came to close the JAFC and, concurrently or later, virtually the entire infrastructure of Jewish cultural life in the Soviet Union. In 1952, a group of Jewish intellectuals faced a secret trial, whose minutes are analyzed in the special section of East European Jewish Affairs. This article provides an introduction to the analysis presented in this special section.     

Identifying Jewish names in Russia

SOVIET SAGA OF A JEWISH FAMILY

TYAZHELY PESOK (Heavy Sand),* by Anatoly Rybakov, in Oktyabr, nos. 7, 8, 9, 1978.

JEWS, DETENTE AND DISSENT

EXIT VISA. DETENTE, HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE JEWISH EMIGRATION MOVEMENT IN THE USSR, by Colin Shindler. London, Bachman &; Turner, 1978. 291 pp. Illus. Appendices. Bibl. Index. £7.50.

AN INTERESTING DEVELOPMENT

NASTOLNY IUDEYSKY KALENDAR NA 5739 god (Jewish Religious Calendar for 5739/1978–79), edited by S. L. Kleynman. Moscow Religious Society, 1978. 200 pp.

MINORITY NATIONALITIES IN THE USSR

L'EMPIRE ECLATE: LA REVOLTE DES NATIONS EN URSS, by Helene Carrere d'Encausse. Paris. Flammarion, 1978. 314 pp. Graphs and Tables.     

From Rags to Riches: Jewish Oligarchs in Russia

SELECTIVE REMINISCENCES

KHRUSHCHEV REMEMBERS. THE LAST TESTAMENT, translated and edited by Strobe Talbott. London, André Deutsch; New York, Little Brown, 1974. xxxi, 602 pp. Illus. Appendix. £4.95; $12.95.

HISTORY OF ZIONISM IN RUSSIA

HA‐TENUAH HA‐TSIYONIT BE‐RUSYA (The Zionist Movement in Russia), by Yitshak Maor. Jerusalem, Ha‐Histadrut ha‐Tsiyonit, 1974. 597 pp.

A CONTRIBUTION TO JEWISH DEMOGRAPHY

STUDIES IN JEWISH DEMOGRAPHY: SURVEY FOR 1969–1971, edited by U. O. Schmelz, P. Glickson and S. J. Gould (Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Hebrew University, Jerusalem; and Institute of Jewish Affairs, London), 1975. 375 pp. N.p.

ANTI‐ZIONISM AND ANTISEMITISM

SOVIET ANTI‐SEMITISM: THE PARIS TRIAL, ed. and with an Introduction by Emanuel Litvinoff, London, Wildwood House, 1974. 120 pp. £3.00.

POLZUCHAYA KONTRREVOLYUTSIYA (Creeping Counterrevolution), by Vladimir Begun, Minsk, Izdatelstvo “Belarus”, 1974. 191 pp. 28 kop.

AN UNSATISFACTORY STUDY

THE SOVIET TREATMENT OF JEWS, by Harry G. Shaffer. New York, Washington, London, Praeger, 1974. 231 pp. £6.50.

FASCISM AND ANTISEMITISM IN THE DANUBE BASIN

THE SHADOW OF THE SWASTIKA. THE RISE OF FASCISM AND ANTI‐SEMITISM IN THE DANUBE BASIN, 1936–1939, by Bela Vago. Farnborough, Saxon House, D. C. Heath, for the Institute of Jewish Affairs, London, 1975. 431 pp. Docs. Maps. Index of Names. Subject Index. Appendix. £6.50.

THE JEWS OF HUNGARY

EVKONYV 1973/74 (Yearbook 1973/74), ed. by Sándor Scheiber. Budapest, Magyar Izraeliták Országos Képviselete, 1974. 382 pp. Illus. 40 Ft.

A PICTURE OF POLISH SOCIETY BETWEEN THE WARS

SPOLECZENSTWO DRUGIEJ RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ 1918–1939 (The Society of Interwar Poland 1918–1939), by Janusz Zarnowski. Warsaw, PWN (State Scientific Publishers), 1973. 435 pp. 40 zl.     

Jewish acculturation in late nineteenth-century Russia: the case of Yonah Berkhin

Young Jewish students in the Pale of Settlement have not received comprehensive scholarly attention, despite their impact on Jewish politics and the public sphere in the late nineteenth century. Typically, representations of Jewish pupils and students are limited to the study of small and non-representative radical groups. This paper fills this gap through a contextualized examination of the practices and meanings of acculturation among educated Jewish youth. It focuses on a previously unknown diary by Yonah Berkhin, a Jewish teenager who strove to obtain a secondary education between 1879 and 1882. The discussion of this document adds a critical contextual perspective to the existing scholarship on acculturation among Jewish learning youth in late nineteenth-century Russia. I suggest that acculturation was a complex, multidirectional process. I show how, rather than merely creating alienation from Jewish society – which is often described as a “departure” leading either to a complete assimilation or to “repentance” and “return” – acculturation created new as well as modified existing modes of attachment to Jewish society.     

Re-Gendering Social Work Practice and Education: The Case for African-American Girls

Abstract

While professional social work enjoys a solid history of working within African-American communities, there is evidence which suggests that one segment of the African-American community, African-American girls in urban settings, continues to be ignored by social work and other helping professions. This paper describes the changing expectations of African-American female adolescents in one urban high school. By critically interpreting the girls' demeanor and icons, the authors suggest that social workers are uniquely qualified to tender needed services to a vulnerable, often ignored, population.     

李子柒,用视频记录中国之美

从在田间地头采花,做成天然的胭脂,到用竹子制成沙发;从播种黄豆烹制酱油,到做出一道又一道精致美食……很多人们梦想中的田园生活,被一个叫李子柒的中国姑娘用视频记录下来,并让来自世界各地的人们从中体会到了中国之美。     

The election of Jewish deputies in Vilna in 1818: government projects and Jewish claims

This article focuses on the election of the so-called deputies of the Jewish people in Vil'na (Vilnius) in 1818. At the time, the Russian government perceived Jewish society as a “state within a state” with its own secret government. Russian rule tried to legalise and control that imagined government or to neutralise and repress it. The Jewish elite used these mental constructs of the Russian ruling circles and positioned themselves as the holders of the “Jewish rule,” demanding the usual prerogatives of nobility.     

Strike a Pose:The Golden Girls

.LIUShaohua_认ChamPi‘丁01Qm‘赢已Ightfirst2 19‘c{1 ltln1 Ines‘沙SAsialth .m皿ITle5-n劝幼In th‘ medle、5认11盯1 11llln5 2001 COnteYanUan认UIU rT-l‘匕L吸认山it、【【,tlllnUIeS SdnOCe一5.(卜n亡卜nvolnIl115 SUprel】1Strike a Pose:The Golden Girls     

The Linguistic Reflex of Social Change: From Tsarist to Soviet Russian Kinship*

… a scientific statement is a statement that can be disproved, by which we mean, of course, a statement worded in such a way as to make it clear what sort of data would be adequate to overthrow it…     

Catharine Cappe: A New Approach to the Education and Welfare of Girls

SUMMARY. This is the first of two papers extracted from a recent study into the historical development of the care and education of deprived children in Britain. Using a case study approach, the research sought to identify some of the less overt influences which shaped and often limited the type of provision as it emerged over a period which extends as far back as the middle ages. Emphasis is placed on the part played by social and economic self-interests in shaping the policy and practices as they developed. Exploration of eighteenth century provision led to discovery of records left by Catharine Cappe, a remarkable social reformer. Her experience provides insight in methods of working with young people and in the development of institutions to cater for their needs. The second paper to be published in the next issue of Children & Society demonstrates how knowledge of the past and an analysis of the processes which went on within it constitute an essential tool for an investigation of the inadequacy of present day practice.