共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Job loss and family adjustments in work and schooling during the Mexican peso crisis 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
We use individual data from a panel of families during the depth of the peso crisis in Mexico to investigate whether the transition
of the male household head from employment into unemployment affects the labor force participation of his spouse and children.
We find that significant added-worker effects are in operation especially for adult females (wives), but no evidence that
the labor force participation, the school attendance, and the likelihood of advancing to the next school grade of teenage
males are influenced by the event of unemployment of the household head. The head's unemployment is significantly associated
with a higher probability that teenage females do not attend school. However, lower attendance does not appear to impede their
advancement to the next grade.
相似文献
Susan W. ParkerEmail: |
2.
Kristin Dale 《Journal of population economics》2009,22(4):1025-1038
Household skills provide job skills when tasks in jobs and household production are similar and jobs produce substitutes for
home-made services. Opportunity costs of higher education are foregone earnings during schooling and foregone household production
while studying and later in life. I show that individuals in jobs requiring household skills accept lower wage rates than
traditional human capital theory predicts, and that individuals with low household skills tend to enter higher education.
According to these results, declining household skills may have contributed to the observed increasing demand for higher education
by women.
相似文献
Kristin DaleEmail: |
3.
Since the mid-1980s, New Zealand has experienced extensive economic, social and political reforms. The economic impact of
these changes has been closely monitored and much commented upon. However, the social impacts of the reforms on different
family types are less well understood. This paper outlines a project designed to monitor how the reforms impacted upon specific
family types via the use of indicators of family wellbeing constructed from census data. These indicators show that for a
range of family types, the reforms of the 1980s and 1990s varied in their impact, with single-parent families faring worst.
相似文献
Gerard CotterellEmail: |
4.
Nathanael T. Lauster 《Population research and policy review》2006,25(4):329-351
Familistic and individualistic theories both provide explanations for recent declines in family household formation. Securing access to housing plays a key role in new household formation for both these theories. Familistic theories hypothesize a positive relationship between access to housing and new family household formation. Individualistic theories hypothesize a positive relationship between access to housing and nonfamily household formation. Here I test these hypotheses in Sweden by modeling leaving home for family and nonfamily household formation using the Swedish Family Survey and supplemental housing data. I find significant support for the familistic notion that greater access to housing increases the likelihood of family household formation. I fail to find support for the individualistic theory.
相似文献
Nathanael T. LausterEmail: Phone: +1-765-655-9169 |
5.
The within-household schooling decision: a study of children in rural Andhra Pradesh 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Using microdata from a field survey of children in rural Andhra Pradesh, India, we estimate econometric models which aim to
identify the key explanatory factors in the decision on schooling. The approach adopted is to focus on the effects of sibling
competition within the household, by paying close attention to the number, age and gender of a child's siblings, while also
taking account of the characteristics of the household and community. Our findings suggest that the schooling decision depends
as much on the child's characteristics and position within the household, as on the circumstances in which the child lives.
相似文献
Peter G. MoffattEmail: |
6.
Ann E. Horvath-Rose H. Elizabeth Peters Joseph J. Sabia 《Population research and policy review》2008,27(2):119-138
An explicit goal of policymakers in drafting welfare reform policies was to reduce incentives for nonmarital childbearing.
This paper estimates the extent to which state welfare reforms have lowered age and race-specific nonmarital fertility. Using
state-level data from 1984 to 1999—a time period that includes the passage and implementation of national welfare reform—we
estimate fixed effects models corrected for heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation. We find evidence that the family cap,
a policy that decreases or eliminates the incremental increase in benefits for mothers who have an additional child while
on welfare, is associated with a decline in nonmarital birth ratios. However, we also find that the family cap is associated
with higher marital birth rates. Taken together with other research, our findings suggest evidence of policy endogeneity.
相似文献
Joseph J. Sabia (Corresponding author)Email: |
7.
The dynamics of immigrant welfare and labor market behavior 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper analyzes transitions into and out of social assistance, unemployment, and employment. We estimate a dynamic multinomial
logit model, controlling for endogenous initial condition and unobserved heterogeneity, using a large representative Swedish
panel data set. The empirical results suggest that particularly refugee immigrants display a greater degree of “structural”
state dependence than natives. The high welfare participation rates among refugee immigrants may be due to the existence of
a “welfare trap”, while participation among natives and non-refugee immigrants is largely due to permanent unobserved characteristics.
These results suggest that welfare reforms may have differential effects on refugee immigrants and natives.
相似文献
Magnus LofstromEmail: |
8.
Money Does not Buy Happiness: Or Does It? A Reassessment Based on the Combined Effects of Wealth,Income and Consumption 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The paper uses household economic panel data from five countries—Australia, Britain, Germany, Hungary and The Netherlands—to
provide a reassessment of the impact of economic well-being on happiness. The main conclusion is that happiness is considerably
more affected by economic circumstances than previously believed. In all five countries wealth affects life satisfaction more
than income. In the countries for which consumption data are available (Britain and Hungary), non-durable consumption expenditures
also prove at least as important to happiness as income.
相似文献
Bruce HeadeyEmail: |
9.
Understanding sibling differences in child labor 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Eric V. Edmonds 《Journal of population economics》2006,19(4):795-821
This study considers sibling differences in child labor in Nepal. The data are consistent with a model where parents care equally for all children but siblings differ in comparative advantage in household production, although parental preferences and credit constraints could also be important. Girls, especially older girls, tend to work more than their brothers. This extra work increases with the number of younger siblings and the spacing between siblings. The extra work performed by girls is such that, at modal birth spacing, the younger girl actually spends significantly more time working than her older brother.
相似文献
Eric V. EdmondsEmail: Fax: +1-603-6462122 |
10.
Leah K. VanWey Álvaro O. D’Antona Eduardo S. Brondízio 《Population and environment》2007,28(3):163-185
Demographic interest in population and environment has grown in recent decades. One of the most prominent research areas in
this tradition addresses the impact of population on land use and land cover change. Building on this tradition, we examine
the effects of household demographic composition on land use and land cover on small farms in two study areas in the Brazilian
Amazon. Fixed effects regression models of used area and forested area show few consistent effects of changes in household
demography on land use and land cover change. Effects are inconsistent with the household life cycle model that currently
dominates the literature on household demographic effects in frontiers. Changes in the number of children and women, particularly
young women, have the most significant effects on land use and land cover change. We conclude by arguing that households strategically
access cash for investment in agriculture and that specific strategies are determined by economic and institutional context.
相似文献
Leah K. VanWeyEmail: |
11.
A discrete choice model for labor supply and childcare 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A discrete choice model for labor supply and childcare for mothers of preschoolers is presented. The mothers are assumed to
make choices from a finite set of job possibilities and from a finite set of childcare options. Options in the markets for
childcare are characterized by opening hours, fees and quality attributes. Similarly, jobs are characterized by a fixed wage
rate, working hours and a number of variables related to job satisfaction. In the estimation of the model, we take into account
that the number of options available might vary across work/care combinations and that some mothers are rationed in the market
for care at day care centers. The model is employed to simulate the female labor supply effects of the Norwegian home care
allowance reform.
相似文献
Thor O. ThoresenEmail: |
12.
The relevance of social interactions on housing satisfaction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
For most individuals, housing is the largest consumption and investment item of their lifetime and, as a result, housing satisfaction
is an important component of their quality of life. The purpose of this paper then is to investigate the determinants of individual
housing satisfaction as a particular domain of satisfaction with life as a whole, examining the effects of individual and
household attributes (predictive), housing characteristics (hedonic), and more importantly, of social interactions originated
in one's residential neighbourhood. To do so, we model housing as a composite commodity that satisfies dwelling needs, as
well as other intangibles such as familiar relationships and socio-status aspects. We use the Survey of Living Conditions
and Poverty (Spain). Specifically, using a self-reported measure of housing satisfaction, we estimate ordered probit models
searching for the empirical specification that provides the best fit accounting for divergences driven by aspirations defined
in the own household (internal norm), and by social comparisons (peer-effect or external norm).
相似文献
Esperanza Vera-ToscanoEmail: |
13.
This study reviewed three philosophical accounts of happiness, and then tested those accounts with the Asiabarometer surveys
conducted in six Confucian societies during the summer of 2006. Statistical analyses of these surveys reveal that East Asians
tend to experience happiness to a greater extent when they experience enjoyment together with achievement and/or satisfaction.
The preponderance of such multi-dimensional conceptions in all those societies poses a direct challenge to a single dimensional
account of happiness in the West. The analyses also reveal that positive assessments of interpersonal relationships matter
more than the amount of knowledge or wealth in living a happy life in Confucian societies.
相似文献
Doh Chull Shin (Corresponding author)Email: |
Takashi InoguchiEmail: |
14.
We used UK Family Expenditure Surveys to analyse the relationship between savings and age structure. We address two key problems: the sample selection bias when data refer to households and not individuals, and the treatment of pension income when drawing inferences from individuals' savings–age profiles about the relationship between an economy's savings and age structure. Our principal findings are that household data exaggerate savings rates of young adults and the elderly whilst underestimating those of 45- to 60-year-olds, and individual saving rates follow more closely the ‘hump shape’ of the life-cycle model, although the savings rates of the elderly remain positive for some ages.
相似文献
Nigel W. DuckEmail: |
15.
This paper analyses the relation between public pensions, fertility and child care in a closed-economy overlapping generations
model with endogenous fertility. It is shown that raising a child involves two social externalities and that it is optimal
to introduce child allowances if the government redistributes income from the young to the old. The optimal child allowance
rises when longevity increases. If the costs of raising children depend positively on the wage, a third externality arises
and the returns to savings should be taxed.
相似文献
Lex MeijdamEmail: |
16.
The purpose of this paper is to develop the concept and definition of multidimensional urban areas, thereby providing insights
into our understanding of the sub-regional structures of household spatial systems. Hence, we propose a framework for strategic
planning that considers several areas of household needs. In order to achieve this goal, we develop a multicriteria methodology
to define the territorialisation of the region of Catalonia (Spain). We first analyse the different methodologies used to
define territorial areas based on economic criteria, for example, those used to construct travel-to-work areas (TTWA), among
other methods. Thus, in practice several criteria and techniques are used to organize a territory, including administrative
areas, commuting-based algorithms, and gravitational techniques. Finally, these points help us build a system of multicriteria
urban areas that is consistent with the overall use of time by individuals.
相似文献
Manuel ArtísEmail: |
17.
Aydogan Ulker 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(2):373-394
This paper examines the role of household formation in providing consumption insurance to the elderly. Using data from the
Consumer Expenditure Surveys, raw tabulations of per adult equivalent consumption indicate that the elderly who live alone
have higher levels of well-being relative to those who live with others. This is misleading, however, because the decision
to live alone is clearly endogenous. The empirical estimation accounts for this endogeneity using data from the Panel Study
of Income Dynamics. The results provide evidence that household formation plays a significant role in maintaining consumption
levels. Without the opportunity to live with others, the welfare gap measured by the difference between per adult equivalent
consumption levels of dependent and independent livers would be even larger. These findings suggest that co-residing with
others effectively supplements social security, pensions, and private savings and helps the elderly to smooth consumption
in old age.
相似文献
Aydogan UlkerEmail: |
18.
In this paper, the data from the multi-purpose survey on household “Time Use” conducted by Istat (the Italian National Statistical
Institute) in 2002–2003 and the data from this same survey conducted in 1988–1989 will be analysed with the purpose of describing
the fathers’ daily participation in the domestic activities and of highlighting the changes that have taken place during the
14 years elapsed between the two survey editions. The analysis will be carried out using standard time-use data analysis’
tool, time budget tables and by applying a multi-variate regression model with the objective of separating the relative contribution
of the behavioural and structural factors to explain the variation observed.
相似文献
Dario BruzzeseEmail: |
19.
Midori Wakabayashi 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(4):983-1005
In this paper, I examine, using Japanese cross-section data, whether “the retirement consumption puzzle” exists, and if so,
why. My results show that both the anticipated consumption during retirement of working households and the actual consumption
during retirement of retired households are much lower than the actual consumption before retirement of working households.
I find that the anticipated decline in consumption after retirement is due primarily to the anticipated decline in family
size after retirement, but that it might also be due partly to other factors. These results suggest that consumption does
indeed decline after retirement, but that this decline is largely due to factors that are consistent with the life cycle hypothesis.
相似文献
Midori WakabayashiEmail: |
20.
Black is not always black. Subtle distinctions in skin tone translate into significant differences in outcomes. Data on more
than 15,000 households interviewed during the 1860 US federal census exhibit sharp differences in wealth holdings between
white, mulatto, and black households in the urban South. We document these differences, investigate relationships between
wealth and recorded household characteristics, and decompose the wealth gaps to examine the returns to racial characteristics.
The analysis reveals a distinct racial hierarchy. Black wealth was only 20% of white wealth, but mulattoes held nearly 50%
of whites’ wealth. This advantage is consistent with colourism, the favouritism shown to those of lighter complexion.
相似文献
Christopher S. RuebeckEmail: |