To Be Fair

No abstract available for this article.     

Learning to Be Invisible

Abstract

This study is based on E-mail interviews with 27 self-identified lesbian and bisexual female high school students. The interviews were conducted in an informal style over a period of several months, permitting the participants an opportunity to respond to a series of questions, as well as voice any other concerns relevant to their school experiences. This process involved three distinct objectives: (a) to define the forms of homophobia and heterosexism in the high school environment, (b) to explore ways in which homophobia and heterosexism have impacted the participants, and (c) to propose ways to combat heterosexism and homophobia in high schools. This paper gives voice to these young lesbian and female bisexual students so that readers may develop a better understanding of the realities of their experiences in school.     

百花入药，治病良方(英文)

春天是百花盛开的季节,可是你知道吗,百花不仅可以用来欣赏,而且还可以用来保健呢!民间有"常在花间走,活到九十九"的养生谚语。研究发现,从事园林工作的人往往很少得癌症,而且平均寿命比一般人长。     

Latino Racial Reporting in the US: To Be or Not To Be

This review focuses on how Latinos report their race. This is an area that has recently experienced a major surge of interest in both government and academic circles. This review of the literature examines how and why Latinos report their race on the census, in surveys and in more qualitative studies. It reviews the vibrant and growing scholarly literature relevant to the questions of the placement – by self or others – of Latinos along the US color line, what determines it and how the Census has coped and is coping with it. We begin with a brief review of the history of Latino classification in the census and then discuss the factors influencing racial reporting. These include national origin and skin color, acculturation and generational status, socioeconomic status, perceived discrimination and identification with others who have experienced actual discrimination, location, and question format. We end with a discussion of the implications of the recent 2010 Alternative Questionnaire Experiment conducted by the census, and conclude with suggestions for future research.     

Stigmatized Identities: Too Muslim to Be American,Too American to Be Muslim

In the United States today, Muslim identity is highly stigmatized. Much of this can be attributed to an increasing climate of Islamophobia. The current study finds that some Muslim Americans are confronted with another source of stigma: other Muslims. Using interview data with 23 Muslim Americans in and around Houston, TX, this study examines the intersection of religious out‐group and in‐group stigma in the lives of Muslim Americans. Findings suggest that stigma comes not only from non‐Muslims, but also from other Muslims. Some Muslim Americans are especially vulnerable to religious in‐group stigma. Those who are most acculturated to non‐Muslim, Western culture often face criticism from Muslim communities, be they inside or outside the United States. These Muslim Americans find that they are not perceived as fully Muslim or fully American, and therefore denied the full benefits of either status while simultaneously bearing the burden of both. This paper articulates the multiple dimensions of stigma faced by Muslims in America.     

Ideas Can Hardly Be Self-fulfilling

This paper challenges the constructivist approaches to international relations which focus on the impact of ideas and discourse. For constructivists like Alexander Wendt, ideas and discourse can shape and constitute interests and identities. However, the author contends that, despite its recognition of the influence of ideas on the practices of states, the constructivist view is problematic, which holds that ideas are self-fulfilling prophecies that generate actions and confirm themselves in turn. By ignoring the material basis for the generation and realization of ideas and values, the constructivists put themselves into a position to be challenged.     

How to Be a Good Alcoholic

Alcoholism is not one singular thing. It takes many forms, some more dignified and less destructive than others. This article explores how people drinking in the early hours of the day in bars present themselves and their relationship with alcohol and alcoholism. By means of ethnographic data, I analyze their strategies in dealing with the deviant use of alcohol. I find that the early morning drinkers use distinctions along three dimensions: managing drunkenness, taking breaks from drinking, and claiming certain motives for drinking. These distinctions are used in order to position oneself on a normative scale of different types of alcoholics.     

Gay Men Choosing to Be Fathers

Increasingly, male couples are choosing to become parents. This article discusses the different ways that they achieve fatherhood, the issues that are unique to them, and what professionals need to know in order to be prepared to best work with these families.     

平安是福(英文)

The song"May Peace Be with You"has become popular in China in recent years.Many elderly people,who have endured much in their lives,have a deeper understanding of the true meaning of life.     

There Will Always Be a New Federalism

American federalism is strongly operative and very much alive!Above all, it is opportunistic. It changes over time dependingon the relative power and goals of major interests in the society.Currently, federalism has been rediscovered by liberals. Thisarticle describes the latest "New Federalism" and discussesthe values of U.S. federalism at the state and grass roots'levels as well as the ways it has changed historically and hasserved as a force for public sector growth and the accretionof governmental functions and services.     

Can a Diamond Ever Be Gay?

This article is a first-person narrative/reflection that explores the contradictions and paradoxes of a personal decision to marry in light of a political critique that recognizes and names the ways that marriage creates and replicates stultifying and restrictive notions of normalcy. The author grapples with her own ambivalences: support for the critique of marriage's power to define normal and its simultaneous marginalization of anyone living outside its construct on the one hand, and an understanding of the ways we remain deeply psychologically tied to the social structures that shape our own longings and desires. Within the context of a political movement to protect the rights of same-sex couples to marry, the author articulates a wish for a radically transformed culture that decouples social legitimacy and economic benefits from family structure or choices. Can a feminist queer activist and psychoanalyst have everything?     

“You Have to Be Strong to Be Gay”: Bullying and Educational Attainment in LGB New Zealanders

SUMMARY

Lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) persons in New Zealand are highly vulnerable to bullying, although bullying appears to have evolved from physical to primarily verbal abuse. Data from the Lavender Islands national study of 2,269 LGBs in New Zealand suggest that coming out early as LGB appears associated with lower levels of educational attainment, which in turn is associated with bullying and verbal assault. LGBs with higher educational attainment are more satisfied with an LGB identity than those with lower educational attainment. The data suggest that the consequences of bullying and assault may be longer term and more far-reaching than even the psychological challenges found in the literature. Consequences may include lower lifelong levels of satisfaction with an LGB identity, and an early coming out “penalty” in education. Quantitative data are supported by the unprompted narratives of respondents who expressed difficulties within the high school environment. The study also found relatively high levels of teacher discrimination and verbal assault reported by high educational attainers. In general, LGB educational attainers may perhaps be more appropriately called “educational survivors.”