埃及文坛往事琐记

20世纪四五十年代,埃及文学家、戏剧家陶菲格·哈基姆已蜚声阿拉伯文坛.他的名著,如小说<灵魂归来>、<乡村检查官手记>,剧本<山鲁佐德>、<洞中人>等,是当时阿拉伯文化人争相阅读、有口皆碑的作品.     

同胞三俊士青史共留名 --伊本·艾西尔和他的两个同名兄弟

对学习和研究阿拉伯伊斯兰历史文化的人来说,都不会对伊本·艾西尔这个名字感到陌生,也都会马上联想到他的不朽之作<历史大全>.他的名气之大,我们读纳忠先生的<阿拉伯通史>便可略知一二.     

《卡里来和笛木乃》的成书始末

<卡里来和笛木乃>是一部雅俗共赏、影咱很大的阿拉伯寓言故事集.它本是古印度梵文书籍中的故事,经波斯人编纂与加工,再经波斯籍阿拉伯散文大师伊本·穆格法翻译与再创作,成书历经几个世纪.伊本·穆格法对原故事做了大量修改,增添了一些新故事.通过他的文本,<卡里来和笛木乃>最终定稿,并得以走向世界.     

阿拉伯马格里布哲学家伊本·巴哲

一、生平和著作伊本·巴哲的本名是艾布·伯克尔·穆罕默德·本·叶海亚·伊本·巴哲,巴哲是他的号,他的拉丁文名是Avenpace译为阿芬帕斯.他是中世纪安达卢西亚最著名的阿拉伯哲学家之一.安达卢西亚即现在西班牙南部地区,公元710年至1492年曾为阿拉伯人统治.我们手中关于伊本·巴哲的生平资料比较零散,不成章节,许多著作失传,所以对他的许多哲学观点了解也不甚详细.十一世纪末他出生在西班牙南部萨拉戈萨(Zaragza),712年至1119年该城曾为阿拉伯人所统治,是当时的政治文化中心.1118年伊本·巴哲来到塞维     

书法的“先知”——伊本·穆吉拉

艾布·阿里·穆罕默德·伊本·穆吉拉是阿拔斯时期的著名书法家,曾三度担任阿拔斯朝的宰相.是他首先摆脱角形库法体的束缚,创造了阿拉伯文草书——纳斯希手写体.这种书法体后来成为伊斯兰标准书法体,他也由此被誉为书法的“先知”. 伊本·穆吉拉后来又设计了塔乌吉手写体和更趋完美的苏卢斯体,从而把阿拉伯书法艺术推到一个新的高峰.对于如何写好阿拉伯文书法,伊本·穆吉拉曾制定了一些规     

中世纪阿拉伯翻译运动与新文化的崛起

中世纪著名阿拉伯历史学家伊本·赫勒敦在他的《历史绪论》中说:“阿拉伯人天性近于文化,能从所交往的民族吸取益处.”①中世纪阿拉伯翻译运动就是阿拉伯穆斯林积极吸取外来文化的例证. 一、阿拉伯翻译运动的始起阿拉伯翻译运动始于倭马亚朝第六任哈里发时期(公元7世纪后半叶),到阿拔斯王朝中期(公元9世纪末,10世纪初)达到顶峰. 阿拉伯翻译运动的鼻祖是哈立德·本·     

阿拉伯古籍中的中国(四)

[8]<历代民族与帝王史> 作者穆罕默德·本·杰里尔·泰伯里(公元838～923年),号艾布·贾法尔.以泰伯里闻名于世,此名说明其祖籍是里海南岸的泰伯里斯坦.伊斯兰教著名经注学家、圣训学家、法学家,同时也是中世纪阿拉伯最著名的历史学家.45岁后定居巴格达,从事学术研究达40年之久.一生著述宏富.第一部名著为<古兰经注总汇>(后世通称<泰伯里经注>).此书若译为中文估计在一千万字以上,被公认为传闻经注学的典范,蜚声于伊斯兰世界,后来的<古兰经>注,无不从这部巨作中摘抄转录有价值的资料.     

阿拉伯的劳伦斯

在阿拉伯近代历史上,有一个传奇式的英国人.由于他与阿拉伯人的特殊关系,以及他在阿拉伯民族独立运动中的独特作用,人们对他褒贬不一,毁誉参半,有人称赞他是“战争英雄”,也有人咒骂他为“殖民骗子”.这个人就是托马斯·爱德华·劳伦斯,也被称为“阿拉伯的劳伦斯”. 劳伦斯于1888年8月出生在英国威尔士多塞特郡的一个中产阶级家庭,他是这个家庭的五个儿子中的老三.8岁时,全家从多     

霍道伊艾及其诗歌

霍道伊艾(?～公元665年),真名迦尔瓦勒·本·奥斯·阿伯斯,是阿拉伯蒙昧时期末、伊斯兰时期初的大诗人.他出生于阿拉伯半岛内志地区的阿伯斯部落,母亲陶莱是该部落的女奴.也许是他自己出身低微的缘故,他并不象其他诗人那样视当时的部落氏族制度为神圣,也不把出身平庸或高贵作为评判人的价值标准.他在生活中信奉的是“以自身为目的”的实用主义人生哲学,这也反映在他的文学创作中. 霍道伊尔早年师承蒙昧时期诗歌大师、悬诗诗人祖海尔·本·艾比·苏尔曼,曾当     

伊拉克现代造型艺术及其先驱

在世界现代艺术的大观园中,阿拉伯国家的作品出现较迟.其原因,众说不一.大多归咎于阿拉伯文化落后.这种说法失之偏颇,至少是持这种观点的人对阿拉伯文化艺术的历史和传统缺乏了解,也忽视了殖民政策给阿拉伯文化艺术的发展和民族文化遗产的挖掘带来的影响. 早在十三世纪,当时阿拉伯文化的首府——巴格达就有一所绘画学校.它曾经是阿拉伯传统绘画、装饰艺术的摇篮.杰出的艺术家叶海亚·本·马哈茂德·瓦斯特是该校的创始人之一,他在美学上有独特的见解,     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

The frequency of sexual abuse and depression in a sample of street children of one of deprived districts of Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual abuse and depression among street children who live in a deprived district of Tehran. The researchers used the K-SADS questionnaire and a clinical interview were used to evaluate depression and sexual abuse in 87 street children in Tehran. Eighteen (20.9%) of the children had been sexually abused. Depressed children were 3.2 times more likely to be sexually abused than non-depressed children. Furthermore, 26 girls (86.7%) and 27 boys (48.2%) suffered from depression. The frequency of depression demonstrated a significant association with the father's or breadwinner's history of imprisonment or unemployment. Interventional programs providing education and support should be implemented for street children.     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹,城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市,2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望,然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意,没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义,每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题,把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

学龄儿童健康行为研究方法述评

学龄儿童健康行为研究越来越得到重视,在未来周期性的研究中也面临着在快速发展的背景下保持较高质量、在有限的财政资源情况下持续提高、使趋势分析与修改问卷内容相适应、满足科学受众和政策受众的不同要求等挑战,因此,完善其研究方法成为当前迫切需要。     

“吸毒人员未成年子女监护问题”研讨会综述

针对吸毒人员对其未成年子女的监护不力或监护缺失的现状，深入探讨了终止、剥夺乃至转移吸毒人员监护权的问题。涉及到监护权转移实践方面的问题，与会专家提出了临时监护人，短、长期寄养家庭，机构性质的儿童之家，儿童福利院等多种监护权转移方案。对一些存有疑义的问题，则是需要系统研究、统筹规划的新课题。     

Mobility of students and attractiveness of universities. The case of Sapienza University of Rome

Human mobility is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. While labour migration has been widely and deeply investigated – through theoretical and empirical analysis – other forms of mobility have received much less attention. Students' mobility is a peculiar form of temporary movement that can be considered as neither migration nor tourism. It is rapidly growing: in the period 1975–2005 the number of tertiary education students abroad increased fourfold, from 0.61 million to 2.73 million, following the trend of the internationalization of economy and globalization of culture. In 2009 almost 3.7 million tertiary students were enrolled outside their country of origin, an increase of more than 6% from the previous year.

In this paper we analyse the international mobility of university students, using a unique data set built through surveys conducted at the Sapienza University of Rome. The data collected cover a rich array of information on students' characteristics and backgrounds, provenance places, family conditions, individual aspirations, and job preferences. The empirical analysis of those data offers an opportunity for understanding a relevant part of mobility decisions of (prospective) highly qualified workers. The Sapienza University, moreover, is at present the largest university in Europe for number of students and a pole of attraction for both European and non-European students. This allows us to enlarge our analysis at a global level.