Moving Towards Happiness?

We add to the literature on the driving forces of international migration. While the existing literature establishes that income differences, migration costs and certain other factors (e.g. climate or human rights) affect the migration decision, we focus on the broader role of non‐pecuniary factors. We include well‐being measures in a standard model of bilateral migration flows and enrich the analysis further by testing the effects on migration of inequality in happiness within a country. Our findings that both the mean and standard deviation of happiness – in both origin and destination countries – help explain bilateral migration flows over and above any income effect, indicates the need to incorporate both pecuniary and non‐pecuniary factors when modelling migration choices.     

Effort to Rebuild Happiness

ZHANG Huan felt her life broke apart when her husband died. It was not until two years later that she pulled herself together. She adopted a positive attitude towards her life and felt ready to establish a family again. Ninety percent of China's 267 million families are comparatively stable.     

Program of Happiness in Badong Mountain Areas

In 1997, mothers of 57 poor families in Chadianzi and Lucongpo townships in Badong County, Hubei Province, became beneficiaries of the Program of Happiness, which is co-sponsored by the China Population Fund, the China Family Planning Association and China Population News     

Program of Happiness: Changing Poor Mothers' Lives

THE Program of Happiness is a nationalaction plan aiming to help poormothers in poverty-stricken areas.Itwas jointly launched in February 1995 by theChina Population Welfare Foundation,ChinaFamily Planning Association and thenewspaper,China Population. In China,there are three groups whoneed the most help—women,children and thes     

Years of Trials and Hardships Give Way to Happiness

Imarried my wife in 1946. I was 19 years old then and my wife Shao Chunrong was 22. The second year after we got married the Kuomintang army was forcibly recruiting able-bodied men. I ran away from home to avoid being forced to join. For two years I wandered the country; Chunrong was left alone at home to make a living selling pancakes. In 1951 I got a job as a teacher, and soon was sent to the Linjiang Middle School in Jilin Province, far away from my home. Chunrong again waited in peace for me,     

What About the Kids?

ABSTRACT

Although rhetoric about family-centered services and breaking the cycle of intergenerational poverty has survived many failed public welfare strategies, few meaningful collaborative efforts between school systems and the public welfare system have emerged. The following case study describes the processes in which a county DSS director successfully engaged the school system to change the educational trajectories of its children in poverty by using the university as a bridge partner. Capitalizing on the freedom associated with using block grant funds for innovative programs, the collaborating partners redefined the relationship between the two systems through a common goal. Successes, barriers, practice implications and lessons learned are identified and discussed in the case example.     

Will the EU Disintegrate? What Does the Likely Possibility of Disintegration Tell About the Future of the World?

Is it true that either the EU will be democratised or it will disintegrate? I concur that the current policies, principles, and institutions of the EU both generate counterproductive politico-economic effects and suffer from problems of legitimation. These effects and problems, which are not confined to Europe, give rise to tendencies towards disintegration. My second point concerns the timing of the required learning and reforms. Modest policy proposals and tentative steps within the existing EU Treaty framework may be too little too late. The question is whether there is enough time for deeper transformations in Europe—and also globally.     

One of the Boys?

This article argues that American media reports of the Jessica Lynch case illustrate some of the ways in which gender has been reordered, policed and disciplined within the United States (and North America more broadly) in the wake of 9/11 and in the context of war. The study of a key gendered representation of the war – and of the way gender interlocks with race, class, nationality and sexuality in these representations – tells us not only about how the war was sold to the American public, but also about the degree to which normative and disciplinary gender roles can be stretched, or not, within domestic society and the ways in which contemporary media portrayals of foreign adventures serve to reinforce these gender norms. Ultimately we argue that media portraits of Jessica Lynch demonstrate how little the simple inclusion of women in the military acts to disrupt sexist systems of power and meaning.     

Motivating the Unemployed? Attitudes at the Front Line

Abstract

Underlying employment services policy in many countries is the assumption that the unemployed exhibit a range of deficits. The goal of employment activation programs is to develop self-efficacy. Noting the determinants of self-efficacy, we illustrate how case managers and social workers think about the unemployed and suggest that negative attitudes held by case managers are not conducive to the promotion of self-efficacy, unlike the orientation displayed by social workers. We suggest that employment services, wherever provided, would be significantly improved if social work frameworks informed policy and practices.     

What Were the Deputies Discussing?

IN the last five years, since the Seventh Chinese Women's National Congress, the women's movement of China has developed vigorously. For the purposes of moving the women's cause into the next century, the Eighth Chinese Women's National Congress recently convened in Beijing to hold wideranging discussions on women's issues. More than one thousand deputies came from different nationalities and social     

Where Do the Women Stand?

THE legal status of women in acountry is an important benchmarkof the degree of civilization and progressof that country. In the establishment ofthe People's Republic of China and itsconstruction of the legal system, the legalframework to protect women's rights andbenefits is improving. Chinese women'slegal status has witnessed great, profoundchange. The construction of the legal system toprotect women's legal interests has been athree-tiered process: The first stage was from 1949 to theearly 1950s. At the first meeting of all of     

Sartre for the twenty-first century?

By virtually dominating French intellectual life (literature, philosophy, culture) during the early post-World War II period, Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980) embodied what Pierre Bourdieu calls a “total intellectual” – one who responds to and helps frame public debate on all the intellectual and political issues of the day. During his lifetime and even after his death in 1980, Sartre’s thinking and political engagements provoked sharp reactions, both positive and negative, in France and abroad. Marxism, decolonization struggles, and violence are three key themes on which Sartre’s public positions continue to generate considerable debate – a debate that remains relevant today.

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Governance Beyond the Global: Who Controls the Extraterrestrial?

How is outer space governed? This article argues that private authority is gaining salience in space politics, even with respect to the traditionally state-centric security and military aspects of space. Further, while commercial actors have always played a role in space programs, three significant changes can be detected: transnational conglomerates and consortia as opposed to individual corporations are emerging as key partners in space politics; private partners are gaining stronger and wider responsibilities for the development and management of space programs (including manned spaceflights); and public accountability is increasingly at stake due to a widening of security in space policy. The latter development includes a blurring of key distinctions between military and civilian usage (also referred to as dual-use or dual-role application), as well as between the public and private realms.

¿Cómo se gobierna el espacio externo? Este artículo sostiene que la autoridad privada está ganando prominencia en la política espacial, inclusive con respecto a los aspectos tradicionales de seguridad centro estatal y militar del espacio. Además, mientras que los actores comerciales siempre han jugado un rol en los programas del espacio, se pueden detectar tres cambios: los conglomerados transnacionales y consorcios en lugar de corporaciones individuales, están surgiendo como socios claves en la política del espacio; socios privados están ganando responsabilidades más poderosas y más amplias para el desarrollo y el manejo de los programas del espacio (que incluye vuelos espaciales con tripulación); y en tercer lugar, la rendición pública de cuentas está cada vez más en juego debido a un incremento de seguridad en la política del espacio. El último desarrollo incluye una desaparición de las diferencias claves entre el uso militar y el civil (también llamado como una aplicación de doble uso o doble rol), como también entre los ámbitos público y privado.

外层空间如何得到治理？本文认为在太空政治中,即使是那些传统的以国家为中心的空间安全与军事方面,私人的权威正在凸显。进一步地,由于商业性的行为体一直在太空计划中发挥作用,三大重要变化可以被观察到：与个体的公司相对的跨国公司和财团正在成为太空政治中的关键合作;为了空间计划（包括载人太空飞行）的开发和管理,私人合作伙伴正在获得强大而广泛的责任;而由于太空政策中安全的（范围）变宽,公共责任则日益濒于险境。后一点包括容易混淆模糊的军民使用（也指的是两用或者双重角色的应用）、以及公私领域之间的区隔。

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Как космосом управляют? В статье утверждается, что частная власть приобретает значимость в космической политике даже относительно традиционно государственно-ориентированной безопасности и военных аспектов космического пространства. Кроме того, принимая во внимание то, что коммерческие структуры всегда играли важную роль в космических программах, могут быть выявлены три существенных изменения: транснациональные конгломераты и консорциумы, в отличие от отдельных корпораций, становятся ключевыми партнерами в космической политике; частные партнеры получают более сильные и более широкий спектр обязанностей по развитию и управлению космическими программами (включая пилотируемые космические полеты); и в-третьих, общественная ответственность оказывается под угрозой все чаще в связи с расширением областей безопасности в космической политике. Последнее включает размывание ключевых различий между военным и гражданским использованием (также называемый двойным использованием или применением двойной роли), так же как между общественной и частной сферами.     

Who cares about the environment?

ABSTRACT

Environmental behavior substantially differs among individuals depending on their environmental attitudes, connectivity to nature beliefs, and socioeconomic profile. People who adopt an eco-friendly lifestyle and those who are unconcerned about environmental protection represent population segments with diverse characteristics. Consequently, this study aims to identify homogeneous groups based on individuals’ environmental behavior. A total of 400 Greek citizens completed a self-report questionnaire. We used behavioral items adopted from previous studies to measure environmental behavior and background variables to assess the socio-demographic profile of the respondents. Additionally, we used the well-established measures of Connectedness to Nature Scale (CNS) and New Ecological Paradigm Scale (NEP) to measure people's relatedness with nature and their ecological beliefs separately. Multivariate Cluster Analysis results indicated that participants can be grouped into two broad segments, named moderate eco-friends and non-environmentalists. Individual differences between the clusters were detected with respect to gender, education, connectedness to nature and ecological worldview.