内地灾害救助的发展及与港、澳的比较思考

内地的灾害救助从灾害管理到灾害的统计、核定、评估,应急预案和响应,从生活救助到恢复重建,从资金物资储备到捐赠,已经形成了较具规模的主体框架,并在救灾实践中得到不断的完善和发展,当然也存在着一些局限。香港、澳门的灾害救助有着各自的特色,香港基金式管理方式和澳门部门联动与灾民中心,为内地灾害救助体系的发展提供了很多思考。     

论灾害救助中的社会救助网络构建与社会工作介入

目前我国灾害救助主体包括政府、社会团体以及个人,为了更好地发挥合力,要加强三者之间联系,建立横向的灾害救助体系;此外,需要引入专业社会工作方法,在纵向上建立以提高个人自助能力为基础的救助网络,以形成立体化式的救灾网络。     

论灾害救助中的社会救助网络构建与社会工作介入

目前我国灾害救助主体包括政府、社会团体以及个人,为了更好地发挥合力,要加强三者之间联系,建立横向的灾害救助体系;此外,需要引入专业社会工作方法,在纵向上建立以提高个人自助能力为基础的救助网络,以形成立体化式的救灾网络。     

中国内地刑法与澳门刑法罚金刑之比较研究

1996年1月1日起开始实施的《澳门刑法典》,是一部典型大陆法系特点的刑法典,基于“一国两制”的基本方针政策,内地与澳门的刑事法律都表现出高度的独立性。两地刑法罚金刑在地位、适用及执行方面的立法都存在着一定的差异。比较与借鉴澳门刑法罚金刑立法,旨在使内地罚金刑方法不断完善。     

内地刑法与香港刑法缓刑制度之比较

内地刑法与香港刑法都是中华人民共和国刑法体系中重要的组成部分.本文通过分析比较内地刑法与香港刑法中的缓刑制度,试图对内地刑法中的缓刑制度从体系到理念能够有新的认识.     

德国灾害救助及社会工作介入

一、德国的灾害救助体系德国在应急管理方面制订了一系列的专门法律、法规,保障应急管理工作的制度化、法律化。德国联邦在《德意志联邦共和国基本法》中对灾难事故的处置作了明确规定,各州也都制订了专门的应急管理法律,以法律形式规范、指导、协调社会各方面应对灾难事故。     

灾害救助中中国政府与非营利组织互动模式研究

当前,我国救灾领域的社会资源控制主体日益多元化,特别是在汶川地震以后以非营利组织为主体的社会力量在灾害救助全过程中呈现出持续性深度参与的态势。但是,由于我国政府应急管理体系对于非营利组织参与灾害救助缺乏系统的制度规定,自发无序、救灾效果不明显等问题逐渐显现。因此,以汶川地震以后芦山地震、岷漳地震、鲁甸地震三次重大自然灾害中政府与非营利组织互动为典型案例,根据当地社会组织的发育情况和政府部门的协调能力,探讨和总结出群团组织协调模式、半官方NGO协调模式、民政部门协调模式三种互动模式。在此基础上,逐步探索出针对灾害救助中各阶段的不同特点,使政府与非营利组织之间形成深度良性互动,进而能够充分激发社会资本活力的差异化立体灾害救助模式。     

北京与台湾社会救助之比较

2011年4月,本人去台湾参加了与台北社会保障局的交流和座谈,对台湾当前的社会救助做了一些调查了解。在此基础上,本文对台湾的社会救助与北京的社会救助进行比较,分析研究两地社会救助的异同点。     

内地与澳门、香港相互认可和执行民商事判决安排的比较及评析

内地与澳门、香港分别达成的相互认可和执行民商事判决的两个安排，是中国区际私法领域的重大成就。两个安排在适用范围、相互认可和执行的条件、程序以及草拟草案时依据的参照模式等方面有所不同。目前采取的安排模式是内地与特区的一大创造，是在“一国两制”下内地与特区司法运作的新模式。     

The Impacts of Acculturative Stress and Social Competence on the Mental Health of Mainland Chinese Immigrant Youth in Hong Kong

Correspondence to Dr Daniel Fu Keung Wong, Associate Professor in the Department of Social Work and Social Adminstration, 1317 K K Leung Building, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.E-mail: dfkwong{at}hkucc.hku.hk Summary Attempts were made to examine migration stressors, social competence,and mental health status of immigrant youth in Hong Kong andto examine the effects of social competence on stress and themental health of immigrant youth. Data on 106 immigrant youth,which were collected through a structured questionnaire, wereanalysed. It was discovered that immigrant youth found survivalissues and losses, rather than cultural differences and unfulfilledexpectations, to be stressful. Male immigrant youth exhibitedmore psychological distress symptoms than female immigrant youth.Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that social competenceexerted moderating effects on stress and the mental health ofimmigrant youth. Immigrant youth who had a higher level of socialcompetence, in terms of self-control, empathy, assertivenessand the ability to read social cues, had less stress and enjoyedbetter mental health. In conclusion, personal and socio-culturalreasons are put forward to explain the findings. Practice andpolicy implications are also discussed.     

A comparative study of social assistance systems in Macao and Hong Kong

This article compares social assistance systems in Macao and Hong Kong. It finds that Macao delivers a higher level of social assistance benefits, whereas Hong Kong has a larger group of social assistance beneficiaries. The Hong Kong Government spends a larger amount on social assistance provision and imposes tougher controls on the recipients, compared to Macao. The results of the comparison indicate that Macao and Hong Kong differ markedly in the type of productivist welfare regime they belong and challenge the assertion that the two welfare systems form a distinct welfare model.     

论中国内地与香港区际法律冲突解决的观念重构

对于区际法律冲突的解决,无论是内地还是香港,都存在观念上的误区,即所谓的内地中心主义和香港优越主义。本文分析了一国两制下中国区际法律冲突的产生以及错误的观念,认为鉴于中国区际法律冲突的特质,应该树立法域平等观念和循序渐进观念。     

Immigration,living arrangement and the poverty risk of older adults in Hong Kong

Using 2011 census data, this study investigated how living arrangement affects disparities in poverty between older adults (aged 65 and older) who migrated to Hong Kong from Mainland China and those who were born in Hong Kong. Our sample consisted of 29,987 immigrants and 9,398 natives, all of whom were ethnic Chinese and living in Hong Kong at the time of the census. We found higher poverty rates among older immigrants than among natives, a disparity that persisted even after adjusting for living arrangement, human capital characteristics, assimilation‐related variables, household composition and demographic characteristics. We also found that living arrangement moderated the impact of immigrant status on the poverty risk among older adults, and that the impact was due mainly to the number of earners in the household. The implications of our results with respect to poverty among older adults and anti‐poverty measures are discussed.     

自助团体在香港发展的普遍性与价值性

作为一种重要的社会力量和满足人们需求的资源,自助团体的发展为香港的社会服务带来了新的活力。自助团体提供的服务在某些方面比专业领域提供的服务有效和廉价得多。除了对个人有所帮助外,它还能影响一些社会福利及医疗政策,使团体成员在宏观层面上获益。     

Paternal and Maternal Experiences in Caring for Chinese Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Hong Kong

This paper reports the results of an exploratory study that (i) identified parental stress and competence, parents’ perception of their children's attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, and the parent‐child relationship in caring for children with ADHD; (ii) compared paternal and maternal experiences in these areas; and (iii) examined the effect of children's ADHD behavior on paternal and maternal experiences in Hong Kong Chinese parents. Seventy‐two (59.5%) mothers and 49 (40.5%) fathers participated in the study, in which data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The results showed that: (i) mothers’ level of parental stress was higher than fathers’, but paternal and maternal competence in child‐rearing did not significantly vary; (ii) mothers perceived the child's ADHD behavior more seriously than fathers; (iii) both mothers and fathers had positive perceptions of their parent‐child relationship; and (iv) gender, employment, ADHD symptoms, and parental satisfaction explained the significant variance in parental stress but did not explain the significant variance in parental competence. Implications for social work practice and service development are discussed.     

Risk and its Management in Post-Financial Crisis Hong Kong

In the 1970s and up until the financial crisis occurred in the late 1990s, Hong Kong prospered in a relatively stable social, economic and political context. Since the financial crisis, however, its population has been increasingly exposed to risk: there has been job uncertainty and decreasing capacity for self‐reliance, leading to a growing reliance on public welfare and on families at a time when both are under pressure. The old welfare policies, unable to cope with the new risks, have been replaced by neo‐liberal reforms, redistributing the roles and responsibilities of the individual and the state, with a greater burden falling on the former. Individuals are required to be prudent to manage risk. While these reforms have relieved some of the burden on the state, both new social risk groups and ‘net taxpayers’ considered themselves to have borne disproportional costs. Society is facing serious problems resulting from ineffective old welfare policies, new social risks due to new policies, and the political upheavals arising from increased social conflicts and weakened social cohesion and solidarity. A further complication is that there is no acceptable platform or agent to negotiate a compromise between the polarized groups. This article argues that reliance on publicly funded risk coping strategies or on neo‐liberal risk prevention and mitigation strategies is not a desirable and sustainable policy. A commonly accepted political platform is required to negotiate a compromise which emphasizes shared and balanced roles and responsibilities, and a well‐conceived combination of risk prevention, mitigation and coping strategies.     

Raising Self-esteem through Social Networking Intervention for Older Chinese Adults in Hong Kong

Sudden physical changes can take a toll on older adults' self-esteem. Broadening their social support networks is one approach to retaining their self-esteem. This quasi-experimental study aims to test the effectiveness of a social networking program to raise self-esteem. The results from split-group analyses demonstrate that those who maintained active participation exhibited higher self-esteem. The results provide significant implications for future practice, especially to the less-educated males.