关于二元户籍制度改革与计划生育法制建设的几点思考

近年来,《人口与计划生育法》及其配套法规、规章的相继颁布实施,标志着我国人口与计划生育法律体系正逐步形成和完善。但是,必须看到以往的计划生育法制建设成就很大程度上是建立在二元户籍制度的基础之上,随着二元户籍制度的改革,计划生育法制建设工作面临着巨大的挑战。     

外来人口聚集地区户籍制度改革过程中的计划生育工作对策

论文根据外来人口的基本特征,提出这一人口群体在户籍制度改革进程中可能产生的一些问题,及这些问题对计划生育工作可能的影响,建议有关职能部门对一些可能发生的情况要有足够的准备与对策。     

户籍制度改革进程中的城市计划生育工作探讨

在城市计划生育管理模式的变革和发展过程中,管理部门制定了相应的改革对策。根据广州市人口的户籍现状,对城市计划生育在户籍制度改革过程当中面临的问题提出一些对策。     

城镇化与户籍制度改革过程中的计划生育政策定位问题探讨

论文回顾了 2 0世纪 90年代以来 ,中国各级政府推进城镇化和改革户籍制度的一系列政策 ,分析了在这些政策中的计划生育政策定位问题 ,介绍了在这一过程中对违反计划生育政策人员的处理对策和一些新的改革动向 ,最后对一些问题提出一点建议     

我国户籍制度改革研究的回顾与展望

户籍制度自实行以来,对我国社会经济的影响可谓根深蒂目,本文在对我国户籍制度的改革历史回顾的基础上,着重梳理了当前学术界关于户籍制度研究的一些观点,并对未来户籍制度的改革进行了一些展望。     

基于层次分析法的统筹城乡户籍制度改革政策评价的应用研究CSSCI

目前我国不少地区都开展了户籍制度改革,但是不少地区户籍制度改革最后结果都存在着收效甚微的问题,究其原因在于户籍制度改革相关的评价机制建立和完善存在着严重的空白,因此,户籍制度改革的相关政策评价体系建立是一项至关重要和迫切实施的工作。本文将层次分析法引入到户籍制度改革政策评价中,将复杂的户籍制度改革主要政策指标定量化并确定其权重,以为全面了解户籍制度改革可行性和有效性提供重要的方法支持;最后得出相应的结论并提出了相关的政策建议。     

入世对农村计生工作的影响

加入世贸组织,将引动农村经济、文化、科技以及现念向市场方向变化,从而对农村计划生育工作产生重要影响。 一、农村人口比重变化对计生工作的影响。加入世贸组织,加快了农业经济商品化步伐,加之户籍制度改革,将促动农村人口总量快速下降,加速农村城镇化进程。城镇人口的子女抚养培训费用高于农村;城市生活有更多的消费刺激;城市男女平等,妇女和男子有同等的教育、就业、升迁机会;城     

关于成都户籍制度改革模式的几点思考

2010年底以来成都市所推行的新一轮户籍制度改革被誉为中国"最彻底"的户籍制度改革,备受社会各界关注。认真总结成都户籍制度改革的经验及其存在的问题,不仅有助于更好地推进成都户籍制度改革,而且对当前中国户籍制度改革也具有重要的借鉴意义。本文在概况总结了成都户籍制度改革的有利条件及成功经验的基础上,指出了成都户籍制度改革尚待解决的一些问题,并且有针对性地提出了一些对策建议。     

市场经济的发展与我国户籍制度的改革

本文从经济基础与上层建筑相互关系原理出发 ,深入浅出地论证了户籍制度与经济体制的关系 ,并揭示了在计划经济体制向市场经济体制转轨过程中户籍制度改革的滞后性和存在问题 ,阐明了市场经济运作条件和规律对户籍改革的本质要求 ,指出了深化户籍制度改革的基本原则和方向 ,从我国的实际情况出发 ,提出了户籍制度改革的主要对策建议     

从“单位管理”到“社区服务”

一、城市人口与计划生育“单位管理”工作模式已很难适应时代的发展需要 计划生育“单位”管理模式意指依托企事业“单位”的社会管理功能,借助户籍制度的强制约束实行的以管理为主的工作模式。针对“单位”下达生育计划指标、按照各单位     

Differentials in divorce in maryland

The basic data needed for measurement of the risks of termination of the legal relationship of marriage by characteristics of the marital partners are not available at this time for the United States because the national divorce registration area includes less than half the States. Special studies based on selected census data or the records of marriages and divorces occurring in one State or community have provided much of the valuable but limited information at hand. Statistics for individual States are subject to substantial bias as a consequence of inter-State migration between time of marriage and time of divorce, but they must serve as a basic data source until national reporting has improved. A record linkage study was undertaken which tied marriages occurring in the State of Maryland in 1959 with divorces occurring in the State in the years 1959–66. Relative, not actual, divorce risks by race, age at marriage, and previous marital status were calculated for couples with at least one partner an in-State resident at the time of marriage. The dissolution rate was higher for whites than for nonwhites. Marriages contracted by persons at very youthful ages and by persons who had been married previously were found subject to greater than average risks of dissolution through divorce.     

城市计划生育技术服务方式创新--南京市玄武区政府购买计划生育技术服务的实践

建立政府牵头、计卫联手、资源共享的计划生育技术服务体系 ,开展以知识普及、知情选择、随访服务、咨询指导、健康促进为主要内容的计划生育避孕节育和生殖保健优质服务 ,最大限度地满足社区育龄群众在计划生育和生殖保健方面的需求 ,是城市计划生育技术服务改革发展的方向1 。近几年 ,南京市玄武区计划生育局在区委、区政府的领导以及省市计生委的支持下 ,根据新时期城市计划生育工作改革发展要求 ,积极推进政府计划生育部门的职能转变 ,探索计划生育技术服务方式的改革创新 ,尝试依托社区医疗卫生和妇幼保健服务网络 ,由政府购买计划生育…     

Major Tasks in Health and Family Planning in China in 2015

On January 12,2015,at the regular press briefing of National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC),NHFPC reported the major tasks in health and family planning in China in 2015.The details are as follows:In-depth Development of Medical and Health System Reform In-depth Development of Medical and Health System Reform.     

Increases in childlessness in New Zealand

New Zealand’s fertility fell below the theoretical replacement level (2.1 births per woman) for the first time in recorded history in 1978. It has hovered at or below replacement level ever since. The result, an impression of relative stability, belies changes taking place. Data from the 1981, 1996 and 2006 censuses show a pattern of delayed childbearing and increased childlessness. In a little over 30 years, childlessness has shifted from being almost entirely a consequence of a couple’s infecundity to being as frequently a result of a woman’s life choices. The steady rises in childlessness recorded by successive cohorts suggest that childlessness is already having a significant effect on New Zealand fertility. Patterns in characteristics of those women choosing not to start families, as well as subtle differences in these patterns between New Zealand and other developed nations, suggest that there is a significant potential for childlessness to cause a more dramatic shift in New Zealand’s total fertility rate. This analysis examines growth in childlessness in relation to marital status, country of birth, ethnicity, regional and urban differentials, religion, and educational attainment of women who were childless at the 1981, 1996 and 2006 censuses.

Shifts in Reproductive Patterns in China

The People's Republic of China, during the second half of the twentieth century, has been repeatedly affected by social and political upheavals associated with government policies. These have produced strong but unexpected impacts on Chinese demographic patterns. Many of these policies are of the sorts that alter reproductive costs and benefits. This study examines patterns in Hebei, Shaanxi, and Shanghai, three provinces with differing ecological, geographic, and economic characteristics. Government policies affected the three populations differentially; this was evident at both aggregate and individual levels. The Great Leap Forward and subsequent famine created higher birth deficits and mortality among the largely rural populations of Hebei and Shaanxi than the more urban Shanghai. In contrast, the Cultural Revolution and family planning resulted in lower fertility levels for women in Shanghai. The population history of China during the second half of last century thus reflects strong state interventions in the lives of its citizens. Government policies, along with regional variations in geographic, social, and economic conditions, strongly influence individual access to resources in China. Variations in timing and intensity of women's reproductive patterns reflect differential access to resources and subsequent trade-offs.     

Materialism in Pedagogy Students in Chile

Many studies have used Richins and Dawson’s (J Consum Res 19: 303–316, 1992) Material Values Scale (MVS), applying it to different types of populations that exhibit a particular psychometric behavior, and showing little stability in their factorial structure. In the present study, 1,070 pedagogy students from the northern, central and southern regions of Chile answered the MVS. This sample was randomly divided in two. Using the first sub-sample (N = 539), an exploratory factorial analysis was carried out, from which a structure of nine items was grouped into two factors called “Social Success” and “Personal Happiness”, which presented adequate reliability. Later, with the second sub-sample (N = 531), the factorial structure indicated above was put to the test through a confirmatory factorial analysis. The data from the model show that the scale contains 8 items in total, grouped into two dimensions. The factorial loads are significant at the level of 1 %, which indicates that the 2-factor structure can be confirmed. Finally—using the proposed structure—the presence of the students’ material values was evaluated.     

论西部开发中的城市发展问题

本文在对近20年来我国城市发展进行回顾与反思的基础上,提出了西部制定城市发展战略和选择城市发展道路的基本原则以及若干城市发展对策措施.     

Trends in life expectancy in wellbeing

Objectives: This paper describes anddiscusses trends in life expectancy inwellbeing between 1989 and 1998.Methods: Data on wellbeing by theBradburn Affect Balance Scale is obtained fromthe Netherlands Continuous Health InterviewSurveys for the calendar years from 1989 to1998. Using Sullivan's method, life expectancyin wellbeing is calculated.Results: For males at the age of 16, lifeexpectancy in wellbeing increases significantlyfrom 52.7 years in 1989 (90.1% of the totallife expectancy) to 54.4 years in 1998(90.8%). This increase is almost completelycaused by the increase in total lifeexpectancy. For females at the age of 16, lifeexpectancy in wellbeing raises significant from54.4 years in 1989 (84.1%) to 56.2 years in1998 (86.3%). This increase is almostcompletely caused by a decrease in the numberof years in a state of distress.For both males and females at the age of 65,the significant increase of life expectancy inwellbeing exceeds the increase in total lifeexpectancy and is mainly caused by the decreasein number of years in distress.Conclusion: Contrary to life expectancyin good perceived health and to disability freelife expectancy – which show a decreasing trend– the overall wellbeing of the population isincreasing. It seems that aspects in human lifethat contribute to wellbeing or quality of lifeother than physical health are gaining inimportance. This makes life expectancy inwellbeing a less appropriate instrument tomonitor changes in population health, but auseful instrument to measure population qualityof life.     

Changes in Living Standards and Depopulation in Latvia in the 1990s

Social Indicators Research -     

"非典"期间全国农村地区跨省流入人口调查数据分析

在2003年抗击非典的关键时期,国家人口和计划生育委员会进行了全国农村地区跨省流入人口的调查.本文着重分析这项调查所获得的数据,并对数据的一致性做出说明.既揭示了我国农村流动人口的基本特征和非典时期农村人口流动的规模和流向特点,又反映了非典对这一时期全国人口的流动所产生的影响,同时展示了我国抗击非典工作在农村地区所取得的成绩.