California Union Listing: Past,Present, Future

Abstract

CULP and CLASS holdings are summarized in figure 9.     

Multidimensional Poverty: Measurement,Estimation, and Inference

Calibration in macroeconomics involves choosing fre parameters by matching certain moments of simulted models with those of data. We formally examine this method by treating the process of calibration as an econometric estimator. A numerical version of the Mehra-Prescott (1985) economy is the setting for an evaluation of calibration estimators via Monte Carlo methods. While these estimators sometimes have reasonable finite-sample properties they are not robust to mistakes in setting non-free parameters. In contrast, generalized method-of-moments (GMM) estimators have satisfactory finite-sample characteristics, quick convergence, and informational requirements less stringent than those of calibration estimators. In dynamic equilibrium models in which GMM is infeasible we offer some suggestions for improving estimates based on calibration methodology.     

Temporal Disaggregation: Methods,Information Loss,and Diagnostics

This research provides a generalized framework to disaggregate lower-frequency time series and evaluate the disaggregation performance. The proposed framework combines two models in separate stages: a linear regression model to exploit related independent variables in the first stage and a state–space model to disaggregate the residual from the regression in the second stage. For the purpose of providing a set of practical criteria for assessing the disaggregation performance, we measure the information loss that occurs during temporal aggregation while examining what effects take place when aggregating data. To validate the proposed framework, we implement Monte Carlo simulations and provide two empirical studies. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.     

Wallet Game: Probability,Likelihood, and Extended Likelihood

We propose a likelihood explanation to the two-person wallet game, a probability-related paradox, where an obviously fair game may appear favorable to both players. Yet a small variation of the game, without changing its fairness, turns it to seem unfavorable. The extended likelihood concept seems logically necessary if we want to allow the sense of uncertainty associated with a realized but still unobserved random outcome, while at the same time avoid potential probability-related paradoxes.     

Academic Library Centrality: User Success through Service,Access, and Tradition,

Abstract

This article describes the OpenURL standard, an emerging standard for creating URLs that can be used for reference linking and potentially many other applications. The article describes some of the uses and advantages of the OpenURL standard and some of the applications it enables, the actual syntax of the standard, as well as some work occurring at the National Information Standards Organization to develop a US national standard for the OpenURL syntax. Serials Review 2002; 28:74–76.