工人对工会的“不满”——来自湖北省三家国有汽车企业的实证研究

本研究基于对于H省三家国有汽车生产企业512名职工的问卷调查和30名管理者、工会官员和工人的半结构访谈的基础上完成.文章描述了职工对于企业工会的总体评价;职工个人特征与其对工会不同评价的关系.尽管工人中明显存在着对工会的不满,但绝大多数工人认为工会是必要的.文章讨论了职工对工会不满的表现和他们对于工会的不同期望.文章提出,仅仅将工人组织进工会是不够的,只要满足工人的期望,工人才可以真正地"保持"在工会中.     

自由的出走——自行车爱好者骑行西藏行为研究

在此旨在研究自行车爱好者骑行西藏的旅行行为。通过参与观察法及深度访谈法，对数位访谈者所收集到的资料进行研究与分析。结果发现：受访者认为单车西藏旅行是一种自由与出走的体验，展现个人的勇气与刚毅的行动；从旅行过程中对所遭遇的折磨、苦难的超越，提升他们的内在心灵与智识，并得到“畅爽”的深入体验；独一无二随性行程的单车进藏行动，展现着个人的休闲体验风格。单车进藏参与者经由单车进藏旅行的休闲体验，呈现追求自我实现、寻求出走与自由的欲望。单车进藏旅行促进了他们个体的成长，同时也对社会发展产生了积极影响。     

河北省农村书屋的长效发展机制问题探讨

通过电话访谈、实地考察和问卷调查等方式对河北省农村书屋的建设和利用情况进行了调研。研究发现,目前河北省农村书屋在建设和使用过程中存在建设资金缺乏、图书配置不合理、营运模式待创新、农民阅读习惯尚未形成、服务体系不到位和考核评价机制有待加强5个主要问题,提出应将市场营销理念引入河北省农村书屋的营运中来、全面贯彻知识服务机制、营造良好的阅读氛围、提升农民的书屋意识和建立可持续发展的书屋评价指标体系四方面来入手构建河北省农村书屋的长效发展机制。     

企业人类学关于“成功”的案例分析——对马来西亚二十八位华商和经理人的访谈及其分析

作者2005年在马来西亚对二十八位华商和经理人进行了深入访谈，获得了不少口述的个人生活史资料。在近三十位受访人中，他们曾经或现在工作的单位五花八门，他们的经商或从业经历中有成功也有失败，有欢乐也有痛苦。影响他们成功是相当复杂多样的：有的成功可能是多种因素作用的结果，而不是某个单一因素作用的结果；有的成功是偶然因素促成的，而不一定是某种必然因素影响的结果。本文大致地分析和总结出了八点影响成功的关键因素。     

论人权保护对人格权发展的推动作用——以卡洛琳诉德国案中《欧洲人权公约》推动德国隐私权发展为例

在人格权制度的发展完善上,国际人权保护及其现代解读扮演着重要角色。卡洛琳诉德国案提供了一个从外部视角研究人格权的机会。该案推动德国法院逐步趋向欧洲标准,加大对公众人物隐私权保护力度。这种推动力的源泉在于《欧洲人权公约》的法制化。     

电话通讯与1877—1937年间的上海商民生活

电话作为近代一项重要发明,被引进上海后得到了快速的发展。随着公司管理的日渐完善、电话制式的不断发展、话务服务的逐步改善和电话广告的大力宣传,其用户数越来越多。电话的使用方便了商业信息的沟通和公务活动的开展,提高了人们生活的质量,在商业往来和日常生活中发挥了重要作用,对近代上海城市商民生活和社会变迁产生了深远影响。     

个人住房消费信贷--按揭贷款风险防范

从银行外部和内部两个方面客观地分析了个人住房按揭贷款存在的风险,根据国际惯例结合中国国情提出了贷款风险防范的对策.     

Volunteer work, informal help, and care among the 50+ in Europe: Further evidence for ‘linked’ productive activities at older ages

Taking a cross-national perspective, we investigate linkages between volunteer work, informal help, and care among Europeans aged 50 or older. Based on 27,297 personal interviews from the 2004 Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, we estimate univariate and multivariate probit models, which allow us to analyze the interrelationship between those non-market productive activities. There is substantial variation in the participation in volunteering, helping, and caring between countries. Independent of the general level of activity in a country, we find evidence for a complementary and interdependent relationship between all three activities. Our findings not only suggest an important role of societal opportunity structures in elders’ productive engagement, but also support notions of the existence of a general motivation to be active.     

Confession of prior knowledge about experimental procedures as a function of evaluation apprehension and commitment

Subjects' evaluation apprehension (anxiety about being judged by the experimenter) and commitment to (involvement in) the experiment were manipulated in an experimental study of subjects' honesty in postexperimental interviews. Previous studies have shown that subjects are typically dishonest in postexperimental interviews by refusing to admit prior knowledge of the experiment imparted to them by a confederate. It was found that both high apprehension and low commitment lead to greater subject honesty. Other features of the experimental design were successful in inducing subjects to be generally more honest than their counterparts in previous confederate tip-off studies.     

代表人民的根本利益是党的根本立足点

以参加农村“三个代表”学习教育活动的亲身实践 ,分析了当前社会中、干部的现状 ,从贫富差距与忧患意识 ,群众观念与工作方法 ,如何用权与干部教育的角度 ,阐述代表最广大人民的根本利益是立党之本     

政治心理学中的人格研究与精神分析法

政治心理学起源于对政治现象中政治人的精神与生理的关注,故此,对于政治人格的精神病理学研究一直是这门学科的主题。然而,人格一词对于政治学家和心理学家而言范围大小不同,心理学家将人格作为解释个体在面临不同刺激时的行为反应模式,政治学家更倾向于将人格看作一种心理防卫机制,进而探讨这种机制对于政治行为产生的影响。从概念界定到研究方法等方面,精神分析既促进了人格研究的深化和成型,又给政治—人格分析法带来了挑战。     

电信消费中的问题与法律适用

电信服务的消费者的合法权益经常遭受不法侵害,因此有必要让广大电信用户了解有关法律规定,即防止电话盗打和线路维护是电信局的责任;现行电信计费方式违反公平交易原则;电信局不能擅自改变用户的电话号码;电话用户对电信服务的详细情况拥有知情权;电信企业的强制交易行为于法无据。     

论语用距离对尊称礼貌性的制约

礼貌是交际双方语用距离的特定反映 ,而语用距离则是社会因素、文化因素、情景因素、个人因素等的综合。尊称有礼貌的可能性 ,但并不总是礼貌的。尊称是否礼貌要视语用距离而定。尊称可能是礼貌的、不礼貌的、非礼貌的和无所谓礼貌不礼貌     

个人信息保护的法律规制与法治路径

数据是信息的主要表现和转换形式，数据共享已成为个人信息利用的一种极为快捷便利的有效方式。需要建立对个人信息严密保护的数据共享机制，建立以数据为核心的数据所有权保护制度，构建个人信息“权利束”保护的工具性体系。个人信息权保护的法律规制主要体现在四个方面:个人信息私法保护的法律规制，个人信息正当处置的法律规制，个人信息合法删除的法律规制，侵害个人信息权益的法律规制。个人信息权保护的法治路径集中反映在三个方面:对已经公开的个人信息适用刑法保护，对侵犯个人信息的犯罪行为追究刑事责任，个人信息权益保护适用公益诉讼。     

云计算视野的个人信息与刑法保护

个人信息的法律保护主要涉及刑法、行政法和民法方面。在云计算的背景下。为及时有效地打击犯罪、保护个人信息权益,加强个人信息的刑法保护已显得刻不容缓。通过个人信息犯罪的实证分析看出,我国现有的个人信息刑法保护存在诸多不足,应借鉴其他立法中可行部分,增加刑事规范内容,尽快出台个人信息保护法,加大司法与执法力度．促进个人信息得到有效保护。     

We and they: Pronouns as measures of political identification and estrangement

Some people refer to the United States government as “we,” some people as “they,” in responses to an open-ended survey question on American intervention in Vietnam. This seemingly trivial linguistic difference (and perhaps others) can be included as part of a regular coding operation. In the present instance, race seems to be the most important determinant of pronoun usage, with blacks more likely to refer to the United States as “they” rather than “we.” The pattern of other associations to pronoun referent also differs by race: white they-sayers tend to be low in education and in personal trust of other people generally, while black they-sayers are not distinctive in education, but give evidence of solidarity with blacks and of alienation from whites. Not all the results fit together neatly, and limitations of the present measure are noted, but the findings suggest the value of content analysis of linguistic style in verbatim responses to survey questions.     

手机报纸之现状及其发展

手机报纸具有传播新闻信息快速、满足受众个性化需求、受众反馈及时、业务运行成本低的特点。虽然手机报纸现阶段还受到技术的不完善、内容缺乏创新、盈利模式不完善的制约,但作为一种新生的传播方式,手机报纸有其自身的顽强生命力。     

The effects of parental marital discord and divorce on the religious and spiritual lives of young adults

A growing literature reveals that parental divorce and marital discord can have undesirable effects on the mental health and social well-being of children, some of which extend well into adulthood. Our study augments this body of work by focusing on the interplay of divorce and discord in shaping the religious and spiritual lives of young adults. Several discrete subgroups of young adults are identified in terms of parental marital status and degree of parents’ marital conflict, and multiple religious and spiritual outcomes are considered. Data are taken from the National Survey on the Moral and Spiritual Lives of Young Adults from Divorced and Intact Families, a nationwide US telephone survey of approximately 1500 young adults ages 18-35 conducted in 2001. Findings confirm that persons raised by parents in intact, happy, low-conflict marriages tend to score higher on most religious and spiritual outcomes. However, offspring from divorced families and those from intact high-conflict families differ on some outcomes, but not others. Indicators of traditional institutional religious practices and beliefs appear more vulnerable to the effects of parental divorce and discord than personal spiritual beliefs and practices. Overall, findings reveal a rich but complex set of relationships between family background and religious and spiritual lives among young adults.     

要素分配论及马克思的否定

按生产要素分配个人收入是市场经济的分配原则,西方经济学家斯密、萨伊、马歇尔等都论及按生产要素分配。马克思也曾分析过生产要素范畴。当今,人们对生产要素范畴有了更宽广的认识。在市场经济条件下,按生产要素分配是必然的。马克思作为无产阶级革命家,根据自己的研究任务和理论体系的内在逻辑,否定了要素分配论。