多重障碍儿童成长发展小组案例分析——基于宁夏儿童福利院的特色小组案例

儿童福利院作为专业的儿童社会工作机构,在儿童社会工作的方法上积累了较为丰富的经验。宁夏儿童福利院的四位多重障碍儿童组成了特色社会工作小组,在深入了解了成员个性和共性的基础上,通过优势视角、生态系统图、游戏疗法、团体疗法等社会工作理论和方法实现小组成员的共同发展与成长。案例成绩的总结对此类小组社会工作方法有很好的借鉴作用。     

浅析小组家庭寄养模式

随着我国儿童福利事业不断深化改革,儿童福利院逐渐突破传统的养育模式。向社会化、人性化、个性化的方向发展。为使孤残儿童能有一个良好的成长环境,武汉市儿童福利院在现有的福利院集中供养、家庭分散寄养的基础上。于2007年8月开展了“小组家庭寄养模式”。     

浅析小组家庭寄养模式

随着我国儿童福利事业不断深化改革,儿童福利院逐渐突破传统的养育模式,向社会化、人性化、个性化的方向发展。为使孤残儿童能有一个良好的成长环境,武汉市儿童福利院在现有的福利院集中供养、家庭分散寄养的基础上,于2007年8月开展了"小组家庭寄养模式"。     

家庭寄养儿童案例分析与反思

随着社会福利社会化的推进,家庭寄养作为一种新型现代的儿童养育方式正在儿童福利院推广发展起来,宁夏儿童福利院自2001年开展孤残儿童家庭寄养模式以来,至今已经成功地寄养了124名孤残儿童。本文选取家庭寄养较成功的个案进行详细分析,从社会工作专业的角度,思考总结孤残儿童在寄养家庭中的适应、改变过程,反思家庭寄养对福利院、寄养家庭的影响以及对社会工作者的专业服务要求,从而促进儿童福利院家庭寄养模式的发展与完善。     

小组工作在养老机构中的运用

小组工作是社会工作专业传统的三个基本工作方法之一,也称社会团体工作.它可以发展出更有效的团体和组织功能,消除环境中的障碍.小组成员的需求不同、能力不同、情境不同、寻求的目标不同,小组的类型和性质也就不同.老年小组工作是老年社会工作经常运用的重要方法,如何在养老机构中运用小组方法,发挥社会工作的实效,是值得老年社会工作者思考的问题.     

找准社工专业定位 发挥社工主导性作用

上海市儿童福利院立足于孤残儿童的生理特点,面向儿童的心理和发展需求,不断更新理念,加大了专业化探索的步伐.在社会工作人才队伍建设的推进过程中,上海市儿童福利院总结十多年来社会工作在孤残儿童领域介入的经验教训,进行了认真的反思,形成了进一步发展的思路.     

青岛市儿童福利院：全员渗透 创新模式

青岛市儿童福利院建于1998年,目前在院孤残儿童360余名,其中残疾弃婴占98％,中度残疾占80％。2007年试点以来,青岛市儿童福利院以社会工作专业理念和方法为指导,立足孤残儿童成长需要,再造组织机构和服务流程,提升了儿童福利服务水平,创新了儿童养育安置服务模式。     

督导手记——社区小组工作分析

在社会工作服务中,小组工作是节约现场服务人力成本,体现服务叠加功能的直接方法。但是开展小组工作最大的问题是指标先行,一厢情愿,结果就是社区成员“被小组”和“被服务”。小组工作不应该做事先的规定,社工必须完成多少个小组的工作量。小组工作节约的是现场人力资本,并非服务的技术和智力。     

儿童福利机构亟需拓展社会工作

首先,实现儿童福利事业社会化,机构功能多元化,需要社会工作的理念、方法。安徽省铜陵市儿童福利院在全省儿童福利机构中率先开启的面向社区残疾儿童托养工作,就是儿童福利资源向社区延伸的成功范例。儿童机构管理应由封闭管理走向开放,合理地搭建机构里的儿童与社区儿童、整个社会互动的平台,铜陵市儿童福利院长期以来与幼儿园开展共建活动、与志愿者协会和义工会开展合作,     

创办新家园 提升孤儿生命质量

作为天津市市政二十项民心工程之二的天津市儿童福利院分院,经过近一年的改扩建于2011年12月27日正式入住运行。分院新建了社会工作沙盘室、个案访谈室、小组工作室、感觉统合训练室、感官刺激训练室、3-D感应式互动康复训练平台、精细动作训练室、供儿童娱乐的淘气室、儿童嬉沙池、篮球训练场、植物认知园等,     

Shared decision‐making: a voice for the Lakota people

Child welfare has long been a concern for American Indians, so much so that Congress passed the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) in 1978. The ICWA was intended to address was the large number of children placed out of home as a result of abuse and/or neglect, and the corresponding lack of tribal and community input regarding their removal and placement. This paper focuses on one group of American Indian people, the Lakota, whose children are overrepresented in the child welfare system. As a promising practice, shared decision‐making will be offered as a culturally appropriate model to build dialogue and cooperation between social workers and their Lakota clients. Shared decision‐making holds promise to help address the important social justice issues identified by Congress and by the Lakota people in the 1970s and which remain largely unresolved some 40 years later.     

Improving the lives of Ghanaian children: complementing the global agenda with a structural social work approach

Manful SE, Manful E. Improving the lives of Ghanaian children: complementing the global agenda with a structural social work approach Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 115–123 © 2009 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. In principle, Ghana's commitment to the global agenda for improving the welfare of children cannot be disputed. Globalisation has advanced changes in the country's institutional landscape with the introduction of economic reforms and administrative institutional frameworks to improve the welfare of children, amongst others. This article discusses the impacts of two global agendas, the Structural Adjustment Program and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. It argues that the economic reforms and the legal framework to ensure the welfare of children have not achieved their envisaged goals, because the global initiatives focused on institutional changes, neglecting social factors that cause inequalities. Consequently, these factors have contributed to the inability of adequate service provision for children. To alleviate the problem, this article suggests that a structural social work approach be adopted in Ghana as a complementary strategy to improve the welfare of children.     

Attitudes toward home‐based employment for mothers of young children: Australian evidence

Kelley CGE, Kelley SMC, Evans MDR, Kelley J. Attitudes toward home‐based employment for mothers of young children: Australian evidence
Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 33–44 © 2008 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. People have mixed feelings about paid employment for mothers with young children. This might reflect opposition to women's work per se or, instead, fear that children are harmed by the mother's absence from the home. To find out, we developed new questions differentiating support for or opposition to mothers working for pay depending on whether the employment is home‐based or outside the home. Data from a large representative national sample of Australia (n= 1,324) show that public support for employment is about 30 percentage points greater if the mother works at home. Structural equation analyses show social differences in levels of support. Thus work at home provides a way of increasing labour force participation and earnings for mothers (with the welfare benefits that implies), which is congruent with public opinion.     

Reconciling Cash and Care: Home Care Charges and Benefit Checks in Social Services

Correspondence to Pete Alcock, Health and Community Studies, Sheffield Hallam University, Collegiate Cresent, Sheffield S10 2BP Summary This article contains the report of a small research projecton the development of welfare rights checks for home care clientsin social services departments. Welfare rights take-up activityhas become an important feature of provision by local authoritysocial services departments, frequently targeted on particulargroups of clients known to experience problems in claiming fullbenefit entitlement. Users of home care services are such aclient group. Take-up work with home care clients is also, however,a product of the impact of community care policy changes andof financial pressures on local authority social services. Thesehave resulted in the introduction of charges for home care servicesby many authorities, and the use of rebates from such chargesto protect low income service users. Welfare rights work hasthus become an important feature of the reconciliation of thesenew charging policies with the continued service needs of poorhome care clients. The research examined a successful take-upinitiative, linked to home care charges, in Sheffield and contrastedthis with similar activities in other authorities throughoutthe UK. The conclusion is reached that levels of non-take-upof social security benefits are particularly low amongst homecare clients and that benefit checks can secure significantadditional income for them, which may also have the indirecteffect of increasing the income to social services departmentsfrom the charges for home care services.     

Care management in practice: on the use of talk and text in gerontological social work

Cedersund E, Olaison A. Care management in practice: on the use of talk and text in gerontological social work Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 339–347 © 2010 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and International Journal of Social Welfare. This is a study of encounters between social workers and citizens in one type of welfare organisation, the municipal elder care system. The article sheds light on how older people's claims are dealt with in the processing of home care applications. Twenty encounters between social workers and older people were studied using discourse analysis. The findings reveal that discursive practices are part of the routine when the applications are processed. The application handling follows an agenda‐bound pattern that is visible in the encounters. In these standardised procedures, oral discourse is embedded in routines that also include the use of texts. However, within this institutional order, there is also an important element of negotiation between the parties. It is therefore claimed that the encounters include a negotiated order that does not exist on its own, but is achieved in the ongoing interaction.     

Rethinking social work ethics: what is the real question? Responding to Stephen Webb's ‘Against difference and diversity in social work’

Jose J. Rethinking social work ethics: what is the real question? Responding to Stephen Webb's ‘Against difference and diversity in social work’ Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 246–252 © 2009 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. In his recent article, Stephen Webb argued that the real question for social work ethics concerns ‘recognising the Same and of restoring the principles of equality and social justice’. This argument also included raising questions about what should be considered an appropriate philosophical basis for progressive social work ethics. In his view, social work's emancipatory potential has been blunted by overstated and philosophically ill‐informed human rights claims about difference and diversity. He suggested that French philosopher Alain Badiou offers social workers a ‘set of conceptual devices for rethinking social work ethics’. I argue that pressing his points into Badiou's philosophical mould is unlikely to lead to a progressive social work practice, let alone solve the issues identified by Webb. Badiou's philosophical pronouncements about ethics are of questionable value and offer little or no assistance to social workers seeking to establish an ethical grounding for their professional practice.     

Statutory Child Welfare as a Social Indicator: NSW Trends 1959–1976

A formal analysis of secular trends in statutory child welfare (defined by rates of complaints laid under the Child Welfare Act) showed no changes in overall rates of welfare problems, excepting an increase for boys aged 16–17. There were significant changes in the pattern of problems, and in the pattern of Children's Court dispositions. The trends were used as social indicators of changes in community values and mores, and in welfare practice.     

A comparison of social work education across South Africa and Japan in relation to the Global Standards for Social Work Education and Training

Sakaguchi H, Sewpaul V. A comparison of social work education across South Africa and Japan in relation to the Global Standards for Social Work Education and Training Int J Soc Welfare 2011: 20: 192–202 © 2009 The Author(s), International Journal of Social Welfare © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. This article draws on a one‐year study visit to the University of KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa, interviews with field supervisors and students in Japan and reviews of the national frameworks of education in Japan and in South Africa. In doing so, the authors identify the similarities and differences in social work education across the two countries and they explore some of the historical and socio‐cultural factors that might account for the differences. There are some identifiable peculiarities in social work education in Japan, especially with the coalescing of care work and social work education. The lack of differentiation between care work and social work makes it difficult to narrow the scope of social work education and practice. National social work standards have been approved in South Africa and regulatory frameworks for social work education and practice have been long accepted, thus rendering ‘social work’ a protected title and a profession that is more entrenched compared with social work in Japan. The codes of ethics in Japan and South Africa are discussed with specific reference to their control functions in South Africa. The article concludes by discussing these comparisons in relation to the Global Standards for Social Work Education.     

Badiou and the philosophy of social work: a reply to Stephen Webb

Imre R. Badiou and the philosophy of social work: a reply to Stephen Webb Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 253–258 © 2010 The Author, Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. Stephen Webb's recent article ‘Against diversity and difference in social work’ claims that the work of Alain Badiou has the potential to be of great use in social work practice. Webb is faced with the problem of a discourse that has eroded any practical meaning attached to notions of diversity and difference, he laments the ‘ethical turn’ in social work practice and blames post‐modernism. Webb views the work of Badiou as a way to reinvigorate social work practice. I claim that Badiou's Being and Event is exclusive to ontology. Connections between Being and Event and possible ‘uses’ of Badiou's subtractive ontology, as an instrumentalisation, are not worthwhile. Critiquing Badiou's non‐ontological philosophies and political polemics is a better way to assess the practicality of his thought outside of his ontology. Webb's conflation of post‐modernism, neoliberalism and the difference, diversity and ethics discourse is also problematic and is critiqued here.