注册社会工作者继续教育的思考

2008年我国内地首次全国社会工作者职业水平考试,成为我国社会工作人才建设进程中的重要里程碑,标志着我国社会工作逐步走向规范化、专业化、职业化。到目前为止,我国已经进行了两届社会工作者职业水平考试,并即将迎来第三次考试,我们社会工作队伍从无到有,逐步呈现规模化,现有社会工作者队伍正在发挥着越来越大的社会影响。     

社会工作及其人才队伍建设的调查分析

对浙江省杭州、宁波、绍兴三地近3000名社会工作者的调查显示,社会工作者对社会工作的认知度不高,对社会工作的现状特别是工作条件、工作环境的评估较低,社会工作体制及队伍建设的任务还很艰巨。应通过加强宣传力度、合理设置岗位、提供发展空间、建立教育、研究和职业培训体系等途径,进一步加强社会工作人才队伍建设,提高社会工作水平,使社会工作能真正在和谐社会建设中发挥重要作用。     

小组工作在社区长者服务中的运用--以南国颐景老年公寓为例

小组工作是社会工作的一种专业方法,它不仅是社会工作者经常运用的工作方法之一,同时还是一个重要的中介,贯通和连接着宏观社会工作和微观社会工作。运用小组工作的专业手法为社区长者开展小组工作是我们教学实践的一种新的尝试,通过小组活动和互动交流的方式,使长者放松心情,享受欢乐,体现了社区专业工学结合植根于社区的教学理念,也为小组工作服务社区长者提供了经验。     

社会工作专题讲座 第二讲 社会工作的功能及其实现

一、社会工作者及其角色(一)社会工作者的特征社会工作是社会工作者的职业活动。什么是社会工作者呢?《中国社会工作百科全书》的界定是从事社会工作的专业人员。它用从事社会工作和专业两个特征来界定社会工作者,是一个简单明了的定义。还有一种说法,认为社会工作者是指在国家或民间福利机构设施中从事社会服务的人。它用工作内容和工作组织的特征来定义社会工作者。在有些国家,社会工作者的身份比较容易确定。因为这些人     

社会工作专题讲座——第二讲 社会工作的功能及其实现

社会工作是社会工作者的职业活动。什么是社会工作者呢？《中国社会工作百科全书》的界定是“从事社会工作的专业人员”。它用从事社会工作和专业两个特征来界定社会工作者，是一个简单明了的定义。还有一种说法，认为社会工作者是指在国家或民间福利机构设施中从事社会服务的人。它用工作内容和工作组织的特征来定义社会工作者。在有些国家，社会工作者的身份比较容易确定。     

互助合作推进社区工作

2006年10月,笔者到山东省济南市历下区DL第一社区开展社区社会工作的实践。在工作过程中,笔者对社会工作者如何在城市社区中开展社会工作以及怎样界定社会工作者和社区居委会工作职责做了一些思考。     

农村社会管理创新与社会工作研究

社会工作是加强农村社会管理的重要手段。这是因为,农村人口管理创新、农村社会治安管理创新、农村利益诉求管理创新、农村特殊人群管理创新都离不开社会工作。要推进农村社会工作的发展,就必须摆正社会工作在农村社会管理中的地位;逐步推进农村社会工作者的职业化进程;不断提高农村社会工作者的专业化水平;为农村社会工作者提供良好的成长环境。     

台湾社会工作者素养模型建构及其启示

在台湾社会工作教育、社会工作实务和社会工作制度等的推进下,台湾社会工作者的素养训练经历了一个较长的历史进程且成效显著。在梳理相关文献、访问台湾资深社会工作教师和实务界人士的基础上,建构出台湾社会工作者一般素养、进阶素养和特殊素养的素养模型,希冀对我国大陆社会工作者素养的探索及其模型建构能有一定的借鉴意义。     

互助合作 推进社区工作

2006年10月，笔者到山东省济南市历下区DL第一社区开展社区社会工作的实践。在工作过程中，笔者对社会工作者如何在城市社区中开展社会工作以及怎样界定社会工作者和社区居委会工作职责做了一些思考。     

推进农村社会工作的实践反思--以赣州市章贡区沙河镇五龙村为例

农村社会工作是我国社会工作的一个重要组成部分，也是现阶段具有中国特色的社会工作。农村社会工作是指“专业社会工作者”与“实际社会工作者”（代表政府的农村工作者）合作，以村庄为基础，以农村社会和农村居民为对象，持守社会公正、人文关怀和真诚信任的伦理情怀，以加强政府与农民间的信任关系和增强农民的自信、自尊和权利意识为根本宗旨，     

“Working with COW”: Social Work Supporting Older Women Living in the Community

ABSTRACT

Australia, like all developed Western countries, is experiencing a demographic shift resulting in an increasing proportion of the population being over the age of 65 years. Contrary to stereotypes, the vast majority of older people live independently in communities. This article explores the potential of social work practice informed by community development principles to enable socially disadvantaged older women to live in vibrant and supportive communities, in which they feel safe and are able to access the support services they need. It argues that participation in social action not only builds older women’s well-being but also enables them to become (or continue to be) agents for social change in local communities. Adopting a community-based research methodology, this article draws on a decade of community development practice with the Concerned Older Women’s (COW) Group. This data suggests that community development practice based on participation, empowerment, and social action founded on respectful relationships may accrue significant benefits to individuals and the broader community. This social work practice creates the social conditions to facilitate older women’s capacity to work collectively to achieve social change, challenging ageist stereotypes.     

Challenges in Rural Social Work Practice: When Support Groups Contain Your Neighbors,Church Members,and the PTA

Rural social work occurs in unique practice environments with challenges and rare opportunities. Strong social ties, commonly found in rural communities and often missing in urban areas, can serve as sources of resilience for group members facing adverse life circumstances. Therapeutic formal and informal support groups, bolstered by this support and led by social workers in rural communities, can face numerous challenges due to locale, lack of transportation, and potential worker burnout. This article highlights ethical considerations rooted in a theme of rural group work while providing helpful hints based on the IASWG Standards for Social Work Practice with Groups.     

服务学习初探

服务学习是一种学习方法,它联系学校和社区,促进合作,积极地回应社区的挑战和机遇。本文主要阐述了服务学习在社会工作课程中的运用和探索。中国社会工作职业化才刚刚起步,在这个社会工作“有需求没有市场,有能力没有舞台”的年代,服务学习在社会工作教育界的引入对社会工作的发展有着重要的意义。     

Focused participation in social work and social action

Focused participation proposes that total participation by clients of social work and communities involved in social action is no participation if it neglects the severe blocks on capacity to participate imposed by oppressed life experience and poverty. Workers should take on the responsibility for including a planned program of participation in every intervention focused on what is most important to the client or community members. Case examples in residential care for elderly people, a child advocacy service concerned with the closure of children's homes, cutting a voluntary organization's budget and family social work illustrate the main points of focused participation.     

Conjuncture and cultural reproduction in the process of embedding: social work practice in the context of government purchase of services in China

This paper focuses on the Chinese government’s policy of purchasing social services and discusses how relevant organisations provide social work and develop it within local socio-political and cultural contexts. An ethnographic research method was adopted for the study by the first author while participating in social work development in Q City. We argue that the policy of purchasing social services succeeded in achieving “embedded development” but also created a “conjuncture structure” in cultural reproduction. However, due toprofessional social workers in China have, in practice, passively responded to the conjuncture there has been a failure to reproduce professional values of social work in the Chinese cultural context. Therefore, further development of social work in China needs to strengthen cultural reflection in practical actions, focus on the exploration of cultural connections between social work practice and local communities, and enhance the cultural capacity of social workers in the local cultural context.     

日本社区福利发展模式与居民参与

社区发展作为社会工作的一部分在发达国家已有上百年的历史,随着人类社会的不断进步,寻找社会福利的新型依托主体势在必行,社区福利时代已经来临。本文通过对日本的社区福利的调查,从政府完善相应的法律法规、社会福利与社区福利的关系、社区组织的功能与居民参与的重要性等几个方面,探讨社区福利体系与发展模式。     

Links between social environment and health care utilization and costs

The social environment influences health outcomes for older adults and could be an important target for interventions to reduce costly medical care. We sought to understand which elements of the social environment distinguish communities that achieve lower health care utilization and costs from communities that experience higher health care utilization and costs for older adults with complex needs. We used a sequential explanatory mixed methods approach. We classified community performance based on three outcomes: rate of hospitalizations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions, all-cause risk-standardized hospital readmission rates, and Medicare spending per beneficiary. We conducted in-depth interviews with key informants (N = 245) from organizations providing health or social services. Higher performing communities were distinguished by several aspects of social environment, and these features were lacking in lower performing communities: 1) strong informal support networks; 2) partnerships between faith-based organizations and health care and social service organizations; and 3) grassroots organizing and advocacy efforts. Higher performing communities share similar social environmental features that complement the work of health care and social service organizations. Many of the supportive features and programs identified in the higher performing communities were developed locally and with limited governmental funding, providing opportunities for improvement.     

优点视角观点的实务价值

优点视角观点认为:每个人、小组、家庭和社区都有优点,案主所遭遇的各种问题可能是伤害但更可能成为挑战和机遇,每一种环境都充满着满足案主需求的资源;社会工作者必须认真地对待个人、小组和社区的抱负,只有通过与案主的协作才能最好地为他们服务。社会工作评估的特点及其关键性地位、满足案主需求的特定性要求等方面决定了优点视角在社会工作实务中具有十分重要的价值。     

Increasing aging and advocacy competency: the intergenerational advocacy pilot project

The Council on Social Work Education's (CSWE) Strengthening Aging and Gerontology Education for Social Work (SAGE-SW) project, funded by the John A. Hartford Foundation partnered with the National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare (NCPSSM) to develop an Intergenerational Policy and Advocacy Project (IAP). This curriculum pilot project, based on a community organization model, was conducted with 13 baccalaureate social work (BSW) and master's social work (MSW) programs across the country and 122 students. The project was one method to pursue CSWE SAGE-SW's efforts to infuse aging content into social work foundation curricula, to support intergenerational teaching, to strengthen social work advocacy skills, and to provide social work students with positive experiences working with older adults. Pilot sites were asked to carry out the project as part of an existing course foundation or field practicum course. Project activities included collaboration with a variety of community agencies, holding issues or "town hall" forums in order to educate community members about critical policy issues affecting older adults; making contacts and establishing relationships with local, state and/or federal legislators; and conducting assessments of the service needs of older adults in the students' communities. Questionnaires, feedback, pre-post evaluations as well as brief accounts of each project are presented. Participants considered the IAP to be a successful project in terms of the objectives of increasing awareness and competency among social work students of aging issues and of promoting intergenerational linkages between older people and social work students.     

Redefining the 'Rural Question': The New 'Politics of the Rural' and Social Policy

Politics in the countryside has undergone a significant shift in emphasis in recent decades, which may be characterized as a transition from ‘rural politics’ to ‘a politics of the rural’. Whereas ‘rural politics’ refers broadly to politics located in rural space, or relating to ‘rural issues’, the ‘politics of the rural’ is defined by the centrality of the meaning and regulation of rurality itself as the primary focus of conflict and debate. However, far from marginalizing social issues – as early work on the new rural conflicts by Mormont implied – the paper argues that the new politics of the rural has liberated rural social policy from the shadow of agricultural policy, providing a new language and context through which rural social issues can be placed on the political agenda. Three examples of this are discussed, drawing on illustrations from Britain, Australia, New Zealand and North America – conflicts over the rationalization of public and commercial services in rural communities; campaigns around the closure of rural schools and their symbolic place at the heart of rural communities; and issues of difference and discrimination in the countryside, including responses to travellers and asylum‐seekers.