日本少年动漫对青少年成长的影响

动漫作为大众传媒生产的一种经济产品,存在于人们的日常生活中。其对成长中的青少年产生着一定影响。由于当代社会不断发展,青少年的精神需求不断变化,应运而生的日本少年动漫对青少年产生的影响更是日趋明显。本研究通过对中日两国青少年的访谈和对动漫作品的内容分析,重点研究日本少年动漫对当代青少年成长的影响及其变化,发现日本少年动漫提倡的"友情、努力、胜利"的精神将会在青少年的成长中持续地发挥影响。     

浅析中日旅游文化的差异

随着社会经济的发展、教育的普及和人们生活水平的不断提高,旅游文化已成为人类社会文化生活中不可缺少的一项内容,同时也成为日后旅游业扩大发展、深度发展的一项重要指标.中国和日本与西方国家的旅游业相比,都属于起步较晚的国家,中日旅游业间的联系越来越紧密,双方互为客源国,但两国旅游界的业务及文化交流甚少.因此,对中日旅游文化的分析研究就显得十分必要,这对发展两国的旅游业,尤其是发展我国的旅游也有着现实的意义.     

探析中日两国“端午节”的异同

中日两国是一衣带水的邻邦，中日文化交流源远流长。日本的端午节是由中国传入的，但是传入日本之后，其文化内涵与日本的社会、文化相结合，秉承了中国驱毒避邪、保生护命的文化内涵，同时抛却了龙舟竞渡、追思先哲的文化意义，进而演变成为了祈祷男孩健康成长的“儿童节”。本文就端午节在中日两国的演变及特色，探析中日两国“端午节”的异同。     

礼仪之邦话馈赠

礼仪之邦日本盛行送礼，无论是访东问友或是出席宴会，人们都要送礼品，每个家庭每月要花费7%左右的收入用于送礼．同时，日本在与外国交往中，也十分重视送礼，其国事馈赠礼品独具特色．1972年中日恢复正常邦交关系后，两国往来频繁，其间，日本政府、官方和民间组织、友好人士赠送给中国领导人、政府部门、社会团体等大量珍贵的礼品，寓意瑞祥，异彩纷呈，既从一个方面记录了现代中日两国友好交往的历程，又反映出日本风格独特的馈赠礼俗．日本人善于把送礼行为与社会学紧密联系在一起，这是世界上任何国家所无法比拟的。日本人认为，送礼…     

中日电视广告的文化比较

本文的宗旨是,针对我国电视广告业的现状,从电视广告文化的角度对中日两国进行比较。探索日本电视广告文化的特点,提出借鉴运用日本的电视广告文化。认为中日电视广告存在的差异最主要原因是两国不同的文化所致,所以本文着重从广告文化角度来分析两国电视广告的差异。     

中日的“国民”语义与国家构建——从明治维新到辛亥革命

nation state在中日两国分别被理解为民族国家和国民国家,其原因可以从分析并比较国民的语义变迁中得到解释,它们反映出两国近代以来不同的国家构建历程。古汉语国民在近代日本首次获得归属和参与的现代语义,回归中国后,在晚清最后10余年间变得更为复杂。近代中日的国民承载权利、成员身份等现代西方的公民概念语义,并与人民、公民、臣民、民族等相关语词形成一个概念网,传递出对国家主义的强烈追求。两国的国民语义差异明显:在日本明治中期以后容纳了天皇的臣民,融入文化民族的部分语义,成就其君主专制和泛民族主义相糅合的歧路;在晚清则成为立宪/共和之争的标志,与大民族主义/汉族主义的民族语义之争一起,辛亥革命后汇入为中华民国的民族国家话语。近代中日的国家构建是在外力作用下相互参照的结果,但却迈上迥然不同的道路。     

中日人际关系观的比较

中日两国由于文化的不同,人际关系观也不同。中国人因血缘、地域、利益关系等因素,对"自己人"和"外人"的分界并不明显。日本有着由上下意识和序列意识支撑的集团原则,同时对"内"与"外"的区分有着较明显的界限。     

从传统住宅风格的异同比较中日文化——中国的“四合院”和日本的“和式住宅”

建筑是社会经济文化发展的产物，中日两国的建筑中最具代表性的是两国的传统住宅——中国的四合院还有日本的和风住宅。由于中日两国因地理环境、民族风俗、历史文化、社会发展等的要素都存在着千丝万缕的联系，从两国住宅的内部空间形式、到外部环境关系；从空间的配置到居住心理都可以反映出中日两国人民不同的民族特质，窥见中日两国人民各异的心里特征。     

关于消费生活的系统模型与实证分析———中国、日本两项研究的比较

关于消费生活的系统模型与实证分析———中国、日本两项研究的比较何明升本文对中国和日本的两项典型研究实例进行了多方面的比较，进而在消费生活系统研究的发展趋势、传统消费理论的再认识以及中日消费生活模式的对比等方面提出了自己的见解。作者：何明升，男，１９５...     

中日夫妻关系及文化差异(英文)

作为一衣带水的邻邦,中日两国在文化生活的许多领域都有相似之处,然而两国的夫妻关系即迥然不同。常年生活在日本的中国女教师李梅对此发生了浓厚的兴趣,通过仔细的观察与对比,得出了一个有趣的结论:日本的夫妻像母子,中国的夫妻像父女。     

Back and Forth and Beyond

The Journal invited Tom Andersen, author of major pioneering work on the reflecting team, and his colleagues, to offer comment on The Reflecting Team Process in Training. We thought such a north-south dialogue was in keeping with the spirit of reflecting teams, and the team members in Melbourne and Tromsø agree — Editor.     

Time and aging--mechanisms and meanings

A recent European Molecular Biology Laboratory Conference on Science and Society entitled "Time & Aging--Mechanisms & Meanings" fascinated scientists from different research areas as well as nonscientists. Topics discussed included not only the biological aging process but also the psychological effects of aging and social influences that affect this process.     

Arts and Crafts and Reconstruction

Abstract

This paper examines the role of arts and crafts in reconstructing communities after times of upheaval, their use in creating employment opportunities, and their impact on the nature of South African art history. It looks at craft initiatives during and after the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, and draws parallels with early twentieth-century initiatives, particularly those of Florence Phillips, who founded the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 1910, Emily Hobhouse, who established Boer home industries, and the South African National Union, which promoted the manufacture and use of local products.     

Sexual Compulsivity and Sexual Behaviors Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Lesbian and Bisexual Women

Within the existing body of research, the information pertaining to sexual compulsivity (SC) among women, both homo- and heterosexual, remains rather limited in comparison to men. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SC in a community sample of gay and bisexual men and lesbian and bisexual women and to identify differences in sexual practices based on classification as sexually compulsive within gender. Supporting previous research, the findings indicated that gay and bisexual men were significantly higher in SC when compared to lesbian and bisexual women. Similarly, sexually compulsive gay and bisexual men were more likely to report drug use with sex than their non-sexually compulsive peers, suggesting that “party n' play” may play a larger role for men with SC. In addition, the findings demonstrated empirical support for the proposition that lesbian and bisexual women with symptoms of SC were more likely to engage in specialized sexual behaviors in comparison to their non-sexually compulsive peers. These data suggest that SC manifests differently in gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women.     

Evening and night work schedules and children's social and emotional well-being

ABSTRACT

An emerging body of evidence shows that parents’ non-standard work schedules have a detrimental effect on children's well-being. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated mediating factors that underpin this association. Likewise, only a few studies have examined the impact of fathers’ non-standard work schedules on children's well-being. Based on data from the Families in Germany Study (FiD), this study aimed to address these research gaps. The sample consists of parents and their children at ages 7–8 and 9–10 (n?=?838 child observations in dual-earner families). The data were collected in the years 2010–2013. Non-standard work hours were defined as working in evenings and or at night (every day, several times a week, or changing as shifts). Children's social and emotional well-being was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The findings show that both mothers’ and fathers’ evening and night work schedules are linked to an increase in children's externalizing and internalizing behavior and that this association is partially mediated by mothers’ and fathers’ harsh and strict parenting, with a stronger mediation effect for fathers parenting.     

Thinking and Speech and Protocol Analysis

Some form of verbal report—that is, a research participant' s concurrent or retrospective verbal account of thought processes during problem-solving activities—has been used throughout this century as the database from which psychologists have developed theories of human mentation. Newell and Simon (1972) and Ericsson and Simon (1980, 1993) have provided extensive justification for using one such method, protocol analysis, as a tool for investigating cognition from an information-processing (IP) perspective. Their arguments have characterized protocol analysis as a methodology capable of providing evidence of the ways in which people attend to information stored in short-term memory to solve problems, with the evidence providing them with the grounds from which to generate models of human cognitive processes. A different view of protocol analysis is available from the perspective of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) based on the work of Vygotsky (1987), Leont'ev (1981), and others, and its concern with the mediation of human development by culturally and historically grounded signs and tools. Because of its emphasis on culturally channeled development, a CHAT perspective views speech, including the speech that serves as evidence for cognition in psychological research, as a tool that potentially enables changes in consciousness. In this article I outline a CHAT perspective that accounts for protocol analysis along three key dimensions: (a) the relation between thinking and speech from a representational standpoint, (b) the social role of speech in research methodology, and (c) the influence of speech on thinking during data collection. The purpose of this discussion is not to refute the IP perspective on protocol analysis but to illustrate how this method can be viewed through a CHAT lens and to identify alternative assumptions that must be made to use it from a CHAT perspective.     

History and the here and now

This paper explores the lesser-known histories and present-day realities of small towns and non-metropolitan areas in the internal provinces of South Africa. It is different inasmuch as it focuses on transformations that have taken place at the local level, and where possible, generalises from these, rather than following the normal route taken by social scientists – at least from 1994, which has been to examine them from the top down. One feature of such changes has been the growth of gated communicates across the length and breadth of South Africa, but there are many more. One reason for their anonymity is that their evolution has been gradual and corpuscular, that they have become unconsciously familiar and are left unexamined. Another is our collective preoccupation with the metropolitan areas rather than the smaller localities where such processes are subterranean and confined. This paper presents very briefly some of the results of the researchers of the Local Histories and Present Realities programme over the past five years, in 19 separate centres. It examines the history and present circumstance of chiefdoms of Ga-Mphahlele and reveals the surprise finding that much of recent and contemporary politics revolve around events 200 years old. An analogous situation has arisen in Venda as well as in Mpumalanga and elsewhere, where a combination of new legislation to revive chiefly powers, and land reclamation legislation have lent a new legitimacy to chiefly powers, and inspired hundreds of phantom – and time-consuming – quests. Another massive development which has gone on around us but whose internal dynamics have never been observed is the rise of game hunting and ranching all over the interior of South Africa. This is a monster subject which is likely to have influence on all of our lives into which our group is now in a position to offer insights. A change of equal proportions is the rise of mining all over the interior Bushveld Igneous Complex – Mokopane is a good example of this and the huge social consequences this has brought in its wake. One final theme which embraces all the communities that we have studied is the local histories of transformation – collectively the most important – since 1994. This is almost entirely hidden to a wider world, including the transformed positions of local Indian residents.