唐传奇《莺莺传》悲剧新探

唐传奇《莺莺传》是“西厢故事”的源头 ,它所讲述的爱情悲剧不同于传统意义上的“始乱终弃” ,实际上是女性“自献”的悲剧 ,其根源则是传统两性文化中以“男主女从”为要义的男权意识。     

清代传奇《草木传》考略

清代传奇《草木传》的作者并不是蒲松龄,系后人伪托。依据《草木春秋药会图》中邱世俊《序》和作者《自叙》及相关方志文献,可认为《草木传》的作者是郭廷选。郭廷选,字秀升,山西壶关人。该传奇是依据汪价章回小说《草木春秋》改编而成的。郭廷选创作该剧,一方面以戏剧见才学,庋藏其博物多识和医药学问;另一方面略以寄慨,寄托其"立功勋"、"定华夷"的理想与抱负。     

《春秋》泓之战记载之三传比析

<春秋>三传对于泓之战中宋襄公的行为从大致相同的史实记载中却得出了迥异的看法,原因在于三传各自的性质和思想特点有所不同.其中<左传>的记载有较为鲜明的史学特点,其叙事之中也体现了一种历史的理性.<公羊传>和<毂梁传>更侧重义理的阐发从而体现出经学的特色.但<公>、<毂>对宋襄公截然相反的评价,其根本原因在于二传之着眼点不同.而进一步思考,<公羊传>的推崇理想和<毂梁传>的注重现实是密不可分的,这正体现了理想与现实之间的一种张力.     

马融《春秋三传异同说》及相关问题探微

孔子著《春秋》,经学家为其作传甚多,亦为精湛,东汉通儒马融则另辟蹊径,立足于《左传》,著《春秋三传异同说》。《春秋》三传,鼎足而立,各有偏重,各有特色,马融善于发现问题,于三传之说之外,阐发自己不同观点,也使人们对《春秋》研究有了新的视角。     

以沉默的姿态诉说——《呼兰河传》女性形象分析

《呼兰河传》中王寡妇和小团圆媳妇都是处在最底层的人物形象,以她们为代表的女性活着而毫无地位可言,只能以沉默作为生存的方式。作者通过展示她们的生存状态而揭示了她们构建于他者之上的无意义的但却是对个体精神戕害最为严重的价值体系,从而引起读者对启蒙主题下的人的自我、人的价值的呼唤以及建构。     

王筠《说文系传校录》之成书及价值

王筠《说文系传校录》(简称《校录》)对徐锴《说文系传》的字头、释义、音切等内容做了全面校勘和研究,成为清代《说文系传》校勘研究的集成性著作。该书初为校补朱文藻《说文系传考异》而作,后另择善本进行系统校勘。在征引传世文献的基础上,充分利用新见出土文献材料和已有研究成果,旁征博引,考证详尽,规模庞大,创见精审,取得了重要成就。《校录》一书集中体现了王筠对《说文系传》的研究成果,为其“《说文》四大家”之一的学术地位奠定了坚实的基础。     

《三国演义》东吴君臣关系新论——以张昭与孙氏兄弟关系为中心

在《三国演义》中,东吴的君臣关系居于蜀汉之下、曹魏之上,属于"义气相投"模式。张昭是东吴的文臣之首与士林领袖,探讨张昭与孙氏兄弟的复杂关系,可管窥东吴君臣关系之一斑,对总结《三国演义》史料取舍的得失,探讨中国古典小说与历史的关系等问题,也具有参考价值。张昭与孙策的关系是君臣相得,一以贯之,和谐默契。孙权对张昭的态度呈现U字型的演化轨迹,总体不如孙策。与历史原型比较,《三国演义》中张昭所代表的士林地位有所下降,君臣关系有所疏远,能够表现张昭刚烈性格与人格精神的一些史料被罗贯中舍弃了。此问题给人颇多启示,个中深层原因值得认真探讨。     

宋代《诗经》学研究的新气象——以三家《诗》研究为中心的考察

鲁、齐、韩三家《诗》在两汉时期盛极一时.至魏晋南北朝时期,由于主客观多方面原因,三家《诗》式微,或亡佚,或不传.至唐代,《毛诗》定于一尊.宋代以后,伴随着《诗经》学和辑佚学的发展,三家《诗》学也成为《诗经》学发展的重要组成部分.宋代学者在《诗经》著作中对三家《诗》的运用是一个逐步增化的过程,其渊源可以追溯到中唐以来《诗经》学界的革新要求.到宋代,随着废序弃毛疑经思辨学风的发展,有的学者在《诗经》著作中关注到三家《诗》,并运用三家《诗》说:或以三家之序非毛序,或以三家之说补毛义,或以三家之说驳毛说,或以三家之说解《诗》,形成了宋代《诗经》学研究的新气象.     

也论梁启超的新史学思想——以《李鸿章》传为例

梁启超是中国近代新史学的开创者之一,在历史理论方面作出了杰出贡献,而《李鸿章》传是其新史学思想形成初期阶段的一部传记作品,通篇体现着梁启超对自己所提出的"新史学"理论的认真思考和实践。故文章以《李鸿章》传为代表,对梁启超逃亡日本前期初步形成的新史学观点进行综合分析,提出如下判断:维新救国的政治理想和实践是梁启超资产阶级新史学产生的根源,《李鸿章》传作为一部其新旧史学思想过渡转型时期的著述,从对旧史学的批判、新政治理想的萌发、传论结合新文风的开创、史学比较方法的运用等方面体现着梁启超对所倡导的资产阶级新史学的初步尝试,因此这部传记作品与其他时期的传记著述相比,具有较高的学术价值。     

对司马相如成名与文翁化蜀关系的再认识——以《三国志&#183;秦宓传》所录秦宓致王商书信为重点

司马相如与蜀郡太守文翁均为汉代著名人物,关于司马相如成名与文翁化蜀之间的关系,前人多有误解。以《三国志.秦宓传》所录秦宓致王商书信为重点,对这一问题加以辨析,可以澄清相关历史事实。     

Family influences on adolescent male sexuality: the mediational role of self-restraint

To assess childhood family influences on adolescent sexual activity, 69 boys were studied in sixth grade and again in tenth grade. Boys' self-restraint in sixth grade was hypothesized to mediate the effects of family influences on number of sexual partners four years later. Family scores included observed family interaction patterns, sons' reports of parents' child-rearing practices (rejection, support, child-centered/indulgence), and household composition. In different models, Time 1 family scores and sons' self-restraint accounts for 34 and 48 percent of the variance in sons' subsequent sexuality. As predicted, regression analysis revealed that restraint mediated family influence at Time 1 on the number of sexual partners at Time 2. Notably, intact family, supportive family and child-centred/indulgent parenting were associated with T1 restraint which in turn, was associated with sexual activity. Additionally, family/parenting scores were directly associated with adolescents' sexuality. In discriminant analyses, family scores predicted boys' status as virgins/nonvirgins four year later with greater than 70% success. Discussion focuses on the nature of the family influences and the mechanisms by which they relate to adolescent male sexuality.     

论人的发展及价值实现统一的研究现状、意义和方法

人的问题是一个古老而常新的问题。马克思在历史唯物主义基础上创立的科学的人的学说，为探索人的问题开辟了道路，提供了正确的方法。人的发展和人的价值实现是人的问题的两个非常重要的方面，对这两个方面的研究目前存在着有关维度的缺失以及没有自觉地把人的发展和人的价值实现内在地统一起来系统地加以考察这样两个问题。自觉地把人的发展和人的价值实现按其内在的统一性加以系统地研究，都将会使人们对人的发展和人的价值实现的研究更深入、更全面、更富有创造性。在实践中把人的发展和人的价值实现统一起来，无论对人的发展还是对人的价值的实现都将是十分有利的。比较分析方法、辩证分析方法和哲学反思方法是研究人的发展与人的价值实现的统一的必不可少的基本方法。     

Research Review: Teenage pregnancy and parenthood: the role of fathers

From the research available in America and Britain it would appear that the men who father children by teenage mothers tend to be a few years older than their teenage partners, although a minority may be significantly older. With regard to the factors associated with fatherhood there are striking similarities to the literature on teenage mothers. Like teenage mothers young fathers tend to be from low socio‐economic backgrounds, experience lower educational attainment and fewer employment opportunities than their childless peers. Similarly they tend to experience greater psychological and emotional difficulties and may have a history of delinquent behaviour. These young fathers are involved in a variety of relationships with teenage mothers, few of which result in marriage and many of which result in the breakdown of cohabitation or the termination of the relationship. This pattern of increasing relationship breakdown over time is related to decreasing paternal contact with children in both America and Britain. Often conflictual relationships with teenage mothers or maternal grandparents and a lack of financial resources are cited by young fathers as barriers to their continued involvement and contact with their children. However, the mothers are much more likely to cite paternal disinterest as the reason for a lack of paternal involvement and there is some indication that mothers and fathers have different views on the level of practical involvement expected from fathers. While most of quantitative data on the subject provides a rather negative picture of paternal involvement, qualitative research highlights how many young fathers genuinely want to be involved with their children and would have more contact and input if they could. While much less is known about the support provided to young fathers in comparison with their female counterparts, there is some suggestion that the support and role expectations provided by the paternal grandmother may influence how involved young fathers are. There is also some indication that a sizeable minority of young men may receive no such support from their family and may also be treated with hostility or ignored by the maternal grandparents. Young fathers also report limited or no contact with midwives, health visitors and social workers.     

Carers and Professionals' Perspectives on Foster Care Outcomes: The Role of Contact

This study investigates the association between the contact of children or young people in care with their family, and the foster care placement evaluation (positive or negative) in Portugal. According to the perspectives of foster carers and service professionals' perceptions regarding children and young people's reactions, during and after the visits, are measured. Utilizing a quantitative approach, two fostering services teams and 140 foster carers completed questionnaires, which had 212 children in common. Results indicated that despite the importance of continued contact, especially for children and their parents, it was not determined to be essential to long-term placement. On one hand, there was the perception that a high percentage of children expressed positive reactions during and after the visit, while on the other hand, this didn't influence the perception of placement success. This study also showed significant differences between foster carers' and the professionals' perceptions on several dimensions of foster care, especially the children's reactions during visits. These differences need to be further analyzed in future research and the outcomes used to help improve contact management.     

Mapping the journey: outcome‐focused practice and the role of interim outcomes in family support services

Longitudinal costly evaluations will always be important in order to understand the factors that impact on child, family and community well‐being over the long and medium term. However, in a policy era that accords major importance to the achievement of outcomes, e.g. payment by results, ‘outcome theology’ can pose threats to service access and professional morale in family support. It is essential therefore, to ascertain the short‐term outcomes of services in order to capture the trajectory of progress by families under stress. This paper critiques the concept of ‘the outcome’. It traces the development of this trend in policy and describes an alternative but complementary approach, which is based on capturing interim outcomes in family support services.     

Mothers' work–to–family strain in single and couple parent families: the role of job characteristics and supports

For parents there can be negative aspects of how work ‘spills over’ to family. This analysis focuses on mothers of young children and considers how aspects of work–to–family strain differ for single and couple mothers. While there has been increased focus on the work–family strains of mothers, less is known about single mothers and their experience of work–family strain. We might expect that single mothers would have more difficulty in combining work and family, given that they do not have the support of a resident partner to assist with childrearing responsibilities. This paper explores the relationships between several demographic, employment and supports factors and work–family strain. It also examines whether these associations are different according to family form; that is, whether certain factors make the work–family balance significantly worse or better for single mothers than for otherwise similar couple‐parent mothers. The analysis is based on the 2004 Growing up in Australia: the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). This dataset contains detailed family and child data for around 10,000 families, all with at least one child aged 5 or under. With such a large sample size, the number of single mothers is sufficiently large to enable more analyses than is often possible from survey data.     

Between a rock and a hard place: the role of relatives in protecting children from the effects of parental drug problems

Using qualitative data gathered from 62 problem drug using parents in Glasgow, Scotland, this paper explores the role played by the extended family in protecting children from some of the negative effects of parental drug use. However, the data also indicated that the intervention of the extended family, whilst often critical, was not without its tensions and difficulties for parents, for the extended family and for the children too. What seemed to obtain in most cases was a complex and volatile mix of practical and emotional concerns over children's appropriate care and issues of responsibility and obligation to the child. These in turn were overlaid by expressions of anxiety, worry, anger and disappointment over both the parent's drug problem and its profound effect on the family. Strained family dynamics and a lack of a supportive welfare infrastructure can all compromise the ability of kin to provide a stable, nurturing environment for children over time. In a worst case scenario it can lead to a breakdown of these care arrangements, leaving these already vulnerable children exposed to further rupture, emotional damage and instability. If we are to avoid such outcomes it is crucial that we first identify and then work to rectify those factors that compromise the abilities of extended family carers to look after these children both in the short and the longer term.     

探索新的关系和生活模式 ——关于成都男同性恋伴侣关系和生活实践的研究

这些年来,李银河提交同性婚姻提案的努力,将同性恋伴侣关系和家庭生活引入了公众视野,但国内学术研究对此尚无涉及。基于对成都“同志”社区的实地研究,本文详细考察了男同性恋伴侣关系和家庭生活的具体实践、追求平等关系、反思现有婚姻制度,以及争取社会承认的努力。研究强调中国社会中的同性之间的亲密关系正在转型,同性恋伴侣关系开始挣脱占据主导地位的异性恋亲属体系,成为一种可供选择的家庭生活模式。同时,借鉴西方近期关于“酷儿”家庭的理论和实践,文章讨论了同性恋伴侣关系对于主流社会和亲属制度的启示,呼吁在制度上给予这样的“草根”实践以更多的承认。     

论现代教育的职业化特征及其对中国传统人文教育的背弃

中国传统的人文教育是培养人之德性并使人生发践行动力的教育,所以,这种教育不是职业性的知识传授,职业化的教育模式于此是无效的。但现代大学之教育模式正是西化传统的职业化教育,因而使得人文教育在现代教育中濒临失败。要挽救这种失败,必须重视中国传统的人文教育模式。教师不仅是一种职业,更是继天传道立教。由此而师严,师严而道尊,道尊而民知敬学。只有这样,现代教育才能达成其人文教育之功效。