民族政策在民族地区全面建设小康社会中的作用

本文论述了民族地区全面建设小康社会面临的发展机遇,指出民族地区建设小康社会必须走全面协调可持续发展道路。只有充分发挥民族平等和民族团结、民族区域自治、民族经济、民族干部、民族文化等政策的功能,才能实现民族地区全面建设小康社会的目标。     

民族地区干部必须增强工作主动性

民族地区干部必须增强工作主动性文余在建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制的大政策环境下，民族地区的各族干部必须进一步增强工作主动性，才能推进民族地区经济社会文化以最快速度发展。增强工作主动性，是政策环境变迁的要求。新中国建立以来，几十年间国家实行的是计划经...     

抓机遇 促发展 实现民族地区全面小康

这次中央民族工作会议全面分析了我国民族工作面临的国内外形势,深刻阐述了当前和今后一个时期我国民族工作的大政方针,围绕实现全面建成小康社会的目标,明确提出了加快民族地区发展的一系列重大举措、重要部署、重点任务。这为民族地区的经济发展提供了重要的战略性机遇,民族地区迎来新一轮的政策红利。民族地区经济发展面临战略机遇期的新阶段目前,中国的发展仍处在战略机遇期内,对于民族地区而言,我们认为是处于战略机遇期的新阶段。新一届党中央领导情系少数民族和民族地区,民族地     

论我国民族地区跨越式发展

文章对我国民族地区经济和社会事业发展的现状、优势和差距 ,面临的重大历史机遇 ,以及国内外实施跨越式发展的成功经验等方面进行了广泛的研究 ,指出我国少数民族和民族地区要加快发展、实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标 ,必须实施跨越式发展战略。作者认为 ,目前民族地区实施跨越式发展的条件已经成熟 ;我国民族地区实施跨越式发展必须做好以下工作 ,即 :解放思想 ,推进制度和机制创新 ;加大开放力度 ;从实际出发确定工作新思路 ;实施新的人才发展战略 ;建设得力的领导班子     

少数民族干部应对WTO的几点思考

入世后,我国的经济文化领域与世界各国的联系全比以往更加紧密,国家的经济、文化、社会生活等诸方面,都将面临许多前所未有的机遇和挑战。同时,人世也将会给少数民族地区带来极大的影响。民族地区的少数民族干部,如何主动应对WTO的挑战,是我们面临的一个崭新课题。     

湖南民族地区如何应对金融危机

席卷全球的金融风暴带给湖南民族地区的不仅有挑战,也有机遇,湖南民族地区应如何结合实际迎接挑战,如何紧扣国家新出台的相应政策,迎来民族地区新一轮发展,化张春贤书记的"弯道超车"论为现实情景,这是当下正需考虑的问题。为进一步促进湖南民族地区经济又好又快发展,为实现"富民强省"作出应有的贡献,本刊约请相关党政要员、专家学者建言献策。     

民族工作干部要树立经济观念 增强民族观念

当前,在要求民族工作干部提高政治思想素质、提高政策理论水平和增强改革开放意识的同时,还要求他们树立经济观念和增强民族观念,这是现阶段做好民族工作,发展民族地区社会主义现代化建设事业的基本要求。为什么要强调民族工作干部树立经济观念,这是因为我国正处于社会主义初级阶段,搞好经济建设是全党全国人民的中心任务。少数民族和民族地区的经济发展又处在初级阶段的低水准线上,少数民族和民族地区更迫切希望加快经济建设步伐。在民族干部的选拔上,过去一向偏重于     

西部民族地区体育旅游可持续发展研究

体育旅游作为西部民族地区旅游业的一支重要力量,在西部大开发等国家战略的持续带动下取得了一定成就,促进了地域经济的大发展。西部民族地区虽然拥有丰富的特色体育旅游资源,但从整体上看体育旅游还处在起步阶段,其自身还有诸多不成熟、不完善的地方,尽管外在层面有不少发展机遇,但面临的威胁或挑战不容乐观。我们在对西部民族地区体育旅游进行SWOT分析的基础上,指出其可持续发展的重要性,并就其发展对策提出几点粗浅建议。     

民族地区干部要加强双语学习

<正>习近平总书记在中央民族工作会议上指出:"在民族地区当干部,少数民族干部要会讲汉语,汉族干部也要争取会讲少数民族语言,这要作为一个要求来提。"这是习近平总书记对民族地区少数民族干部和汉族干部提出的殷切希望,也是我们党的一贯主张和要求。做好民族工作关键在党、关键在人。党的坚强领导,是推进事业成功的根本保证。民族工作能不能做好,取决于党的领导是不是坚强有力。邓小平同志曾指出,"少数民族地区工作能不能搞好,关键     

经济全球化与民族地区产业发展新思路

民族地区在经济全球化背景下以资源禀赋为导向的产业发展战略面临严重的挑战,培育适应经济全球化发展和新的国内宏观经济形势需要的区域竞争优势,显得非常迫切和重要.制定以持续竞争优势为导向的产业发展战略,加速本区产业转换和升级,是新形势下振兴民族地区经济的必然抉择.     

中国共产党重视对少数民族干部的培养

本文以中国共产党领导的新民主主义革命和社会主义革命与建设为线索 ,回顾和探讨了各个不同的历史时期 ,党对少数民族干部的培养、选拔工作。总结中国共产党培养少数民族干部的历史行程 ,对于更好地贯彻“三个代表”重要思想 ,促进民族地区经济发展和社会稳定 ,具有深远的历史意义和重要的现实意义     

政府管理体制改革视角下民族地区经济发展方式转变

我国民族地区的经济发展方式大多属粗放型,其转变的关键在政府管理体制改革。从民族地区政府管理面临的现实困境看,既面临特殊的社会历史自然环境,又要完成中央政府的经济增长考核目标和其他重点任务,还要应付民族地区复杂的群体性事件等。推动民族地区经济发展方式的转型,必须加快中央和民族地区政府职能的转变,正确处理政府与市场关系,完善对民族地区政府的绩效考核,创新民族地区政府管理体制,积极推动民族自治地区政府管理体制的改革步伐。     

中国共产党培养民族干部政策的形成和发展--中国共产党民族纲领政策形成和发展研究之十一

培养少数民族干部是中国共产党民族政策的重要组成部分.本文论述了中国共产党建党近80年来,特别是新中国建立50年来,中国共产党培养少数民族干部政策的提出、初步形成、基本形成到不断发展、日趋完善过程及政策变化的主要内容.     

彝民团对凉山民族工作的影响与作用

中国人民解放军成都军区彝民团从建团到全部使命的完成,走过了一条34年可歌可泣的发展道路,为凉山人民彻底翻身解放和推动凉山经济发展,谱写了无可替代且永不磨灭的历史篇章。然而,由于种种原因,这段军民传奇历史却一直只存留于民间记忆,或散载于州内内部资料而未曾专门公开发表或出版,而鲜为公众所知晓。本文主要在参考梁文英、毛均茹、李仕安和中国科学院等所著文本资料基础上,首次论述彝民团的建立过程及其为推动凉山彝族地区民族工作发展做出巨大贡献。在彝民团发展的岁月里,它经历了扩编和最终撤销的历程,所留下的宝贵经验,为我们探索今后军队与民族工作关系模式提供了重要依据。     

宗教事务依法管理的路径及基础——以四川藏区依法治理为视角

Under the situation that traditional beliefs have remained basically unchanged while the social economy has developed and population mobility has increased, with the trend of an in-creasing diversity in beliefs, and an increasing number of religious followers and temples, the management of religious affairs has become more difficult. In ethnic areas, the speed of moderniza-tion has accelerated, ethnic interactions are fre-quent, and the beneficial conflict or cultural con-flict among various ethnic groups has become nor-mal; the impact of modernity, ways of life, the value and ideals of the temples’ traditional culture and educational model brings new social pressure for the monks who are adapting to modernization, and making a leap in development while safeguard-ing traditional rituals, culture, religious education and development. The number of criminal cases involving monks has increased, which brings a strong negative influence to the religious followers in Tibetan areas. All these factors are directly in-fluencing the stability and harmonious development of the Tibetan areas. As the second-largest Tibetan area, the geo-graphical location of Sichuan’s Tibetan areas is u-nique. In ancient times, the policy of “keeping the Tibetan areas stable means keeping Kham sta-ble at first” had been an important measure for the central government to manage all of the Tibetan ar-eas. From the Qing dynasty to the present times, it still has a practical use, and even has special val-ue in the process of safeguarding the “long-term stability of Sichuan”, especially when the people have but a hazy understanding of the relationship between the freedom of faith and managing reli-gious affairs according to the law in Tibetan areas, and one needs to have a legal response to it. Hence, “keeping Kham stable” needs to depend on the law, and legal means should be taken to safeguard the harmony and stability of the Tibetan areas in Sichuan. Management of the religious affairs according to the law is an inevitable requirement for China to promote the goal of ruling the country by law, com-prehensively deepen reform, and promote the mod-ernization of the country’s governance system and capability. Based on an active response to the guidance principle of strengthening the manage-ment of religious affairs according to the law pro-posed by the Central Government, and the Sichuan Provincial Government, we should standardize reli-gious activities and affairs, insist on a combination of legal management and policy guidance, adopt various measures, search for a practicable path to realize the significant goal of managing the religious affairs according to the law in Tibetan areas of Si-chuan. This article proposes some methods of man-aging the religious affairs according to the law as follows:1 ) To insist on the CPC’s leadership in reli-gious work and management of religious affairs;2 ) to actively and reliably promote the systematic con-
struction of the legalization of religious affairs;3 ) to insist on the combination of legal management and policy guidance;4 ) to encourage the public to manage religious affairs according to law; 5 ) to standardize the scale and number of monks by u-sing new methods of management;6 ) to strengthen the role of the “four troops” ( Party and Govern-ment leading cadres,ethnic religious work cadres, ethnic minority cadres and talents, and religious believers ) , especially religious believers; 7 ) to make full use of the regulatory framework of the Buddhist community; 8 ) to create conditions for those monks who wish to return to secular life;9 ) to distinguish the boundary between normal and il-legal religious activities, between folk custom and extreme religious concepts; 10 ) to identify and distinguish between “monks and lay people”, and“ordinary cases and religious cases”. At present, there are four foundations for managing religious affairs according to the law:1 ) the idea that freedom of faith is not only one’s right, but also one’s duty has gradually enjoyed popular support;2 ) there is a good policy base for managing religious affairs according to the law;3 ) there is a relatively strong theoretical basis for managing religious affairs according to the law;4 ) there exists good legal support for managing reli-gious affairs according to the law.     

"夷夏变迁"与明清"改土归流"

明清两朝都实施了改土归流政策,但其结果却大相径庭,主要原因在于两代君主民族观的差异。明朝皇帝坚持儒家传统夷夏观,对"以夷治夷"的羁縻政策有着天然的依赖性,不可能对土司制度作出彻底的改革;而本身为少数民族的清朝皇帝,因不满儒家传统夷夏观中的民族歧视而对其进行了批判继承,把从唐代就开始萌芽的"华夷一体"的新民族观应用到实际的民族政策中,其结果就是土司制度在清代的基本结束。     

论新民主主义革命时期中国共产党的民族政策在东北朝鲜族地区的实践

新民主主义革命时期 ,中国共产党一直承认朝鲜族作为我国少数民族一员的平等和合法地位 ,并以朝鲜族的特殊历史为依据 ,制定了在朝鲜族地区贯彻党的民族政策的一系列具体的方针、原则。其主要内容为 :保障朝鲜族人民的平等权利 ;承认朝鲜族自治权 ,实行民族区域自治 ;解决朝鲜族人民的土地问题 ;积极争取和团结朝鲜族人民 ,共同进行抗日救亡运动 ;建立朝鲜族人民武装 ,共同进行抗日武装斗争 ;大力培养朝鲜族干部 ;发展朝鲜族文化教育和语言文字等     

多维视角下民族地区规模性返贫风险的表征、缘由及对策

我国实现全面脱贫后,推动巩固全面脱贫成果与实施乡村振兴战略的接续发展是过渡时期的主要任务,而防止发生规模性返贫风险则是其中的关键一环。一直以来,民族地区都是我国组成部分的关键点和薄弱点,也是规模性返贫风险的易发地区。基于多维视角,发现民族地区规模性返贫风险呈现出区域性、群体性、联动性等特征,从生态性、政策性、发展性等因素深度剖析其发生缘由,进而从相应角度提出创新民族地区生态扶贫方式、完善民族地区返贫风险治理政策体系框架、建构民族地区新内生发展模式等针对性对策,以防止民族地区发生规模性返贫风险。     

西部民族地区生态文明建设问题探析

Ecological civilization is a mode of civilization which is constructed on the concept of multiple-wins, such as economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit, etc. It requires that a harmonious relationship between man and nature permeate various aspects of civilization, such as material civilization, spiritual civilization, and political civilization, forming an ecological mode for production, living, consumption, and other behaviors. The theories and practices of eco￣logical civilization both at home and abroad, as well as the strategic planning for the construction of ecological civilization in China, have constituted important theoretical and practical guidelines for the construction of ecological civilization in the western ethnic areas of China.
Constructing ecological civilization in the western ethnic areas has important theoretical and practical significance. Compared with the eastern part of China or the whole country, the level of e￣conomic and social development in the western eth￣nic areas still lags behind; energy consumption is generally high , and the number of national key ecologically functional areas is large. Furthermore, these areas face a daunting task for their environ￣mental protection and energy saving. In addition, the most concentrated areas of desertification in China are found in the western ethnic areas, espe￣cially Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Tibet and Qing￣hai. Therefore, the construction of ecological civi￣lization in the western ethnic areas has an impor￣tant role for the sustainable development of the e￣conomy and society, ecological security, energy saving and emission reduction, and the prevention of land desertification.
Generally speaking, the western ethnic areas actively participate in the national demonstration areas of the construction of ecological civilization, and constantly improve the level of ecological civi￣lization construction. However, their overall level is low, and the differences between various prov￣inces are considerable. Although the western eth￣nic areas have rich forest resources, tourism re￣sources, etc. for the construction of ecological civ￣ilization, they still face many problems in the use of their ecological resources and the construction of ecological civilization.
As noted above, the western ethnic areas ac￣tively take part in the construction of the key na￣tional ecological civilization demonstration areas. At present, among the 55 ecological civilization demonstration areas of China, 22 are in the west￣ern ethnic areas. These demonstration areas are actively exploring the construction of ecological civilization by taking the property rights of natural resources, ecological compensation and cadres as￣sessment, etc. into consideration.
As just noted, although the level of the con￣struction of an ecological civilization in western ethnic areas has been improving, the overall level is still low. The overall level of ecological civiliza￣tion in western ethnic areas lags significantly be￣hind the nation or eastern regions. In addition, the levels of every province are quite different. For in￣stance, the level of Guangxi and Yunnan is rela￣tively high. Therefore, the construction of ecologi￣cal civilization must be adapted to the local condi￣tions of the provinces.
There are a large number of key forestry en￣terprises in the western ethnic areas, but the struc￣ture of the forestry industry is not equitable. For￣estry is an important force, and provides important content for the construction of ecological civiliza￣tion. On the one hand, there are a large number of key national forestry enterprises in the western eth￣nic areas, but their distribution is not balanced. At present, there are 295 key national forestry en￣terprises , among which 48 are found in the western ethnic areas and are included in the list. Among them, the advantage held by Guangxi and Yunnan’s forest resources are obvious, while those in Tibet, Ningxia and Qinghai are not so obvious. On the other hand, the forestry resources in the western ethnic areas are unevenly distributed, and the structure of the forestry industry is not equita￣ble;the proportion of the primary industry of for￣estry is too high, and the proportion of the second￣ary industry is relatively low. This means that the economic benefits of forestry resources are not fully transformed, something which has seriously affect￣ed the promotion of ecological civilization.
Tourism resources in the western ethnic areas are rich, but the contradiction between tourism de￣velopment and environmental protection is sharp. The tourism industry can effectively improve the level of ecological civilization construction. With rich tourism resources in the western ethnic areas, the tourism industry has become one of the impor￣tant regional pillar industries, especially in Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi. However, the conditions of tourism infrastructure and the tourism environment are still relatively backward in western ethnic areas. This is seen especially in the tourist foreign exchange income ratio which is not high. In addition, theunique tourism resources have not strongly attracted more overseas visitors; and, as just said, there are contradictions between regional tourism development and ecological environment protection, which are still very sharp.
The construction of an ecological civilization is a complicated social system project. The con￣struction of an ecological civilization in the western ethnic areas has just started, so we need to in￣tegrate the idea of ecological civilization throughout political, economic, cultural, and social construc￣tion. Furthermore, we need to promote the process of ecological civilization construction according to the local conditions by taking the central authorities’ construction plan of ecological civiliza￣tion as guidance; consider the economic develop￣ment level of each province; and the characteris￣tics of ecological protection and resource environ￣ment in ethnic areas.
First of all, we should change the concept of government at all levels and the entire society in western ethnic areas, and improve the system of ecological civilization construction. For this pur￣pose, we must:( i) strengthen the top-level de￣sign of the ecological civilization system; ( ii) im￣prove relevant systems, such as the development of the national land space; and ( iii ) improve envi￣ronmental protection and ecological compensation in the western ethnic areas and the whole country. Furthermore, through making use of both formal systems, such as political, economic and legal ones, and informal systems, such as ecological culture, we should jointly safeguard and promote the construction of ecological civilization. On the one hand, we must establish and improve various policies related to finance, tax, population and land to improve the level of ecological political civ￣ilization in the western ethnic areas from the level of central government to local administrations. On the other hand, the central government and local administrations in the western ethnic areas must enhance the awareness of the construction of eco￣logical civilization through various ways, including school education and the internet.
Secondly, we should vigorously develop the advantages of the ecological industry in western ethnic areas, such as ecological tourism, ecologi￣cal agriculture and other ecological industries. The construction of ecological civilization should strive to find a balance between ecological environment and stable economic growth. Therefore, according to the characteristics of their ecological environ￣ment, resources, climate and the capacity of the ecological carrying capacity, we should choose ec￣ological industries suitable for regional develop￣ment, such as ecological agriculture, ecological tourism;change the original model of industrial de￣velopment to an ecological mode of production, and improve the level of ecological civilization while protecting the environment.
Thirdly, we should speed up the development of secondary and tertiary industries of forestry in the western ethnic areas, and further optimize the structure of the forestry industry. For this purpose we must further increase forestry investment and construction;and improve the total output value of forestry through afforestation, returning farmland to forest, and coordinating the relationship between the economic forest and ecological forest. Moreo￣ver, we should actively participate in China’s forest food certification and forest certification program;improve the proportion of secondary and tertiary forestry industires; take the initiative to transform the advantage of forestry resources into economic advantages;and improve the level of civilization of the ecological environment.
Finally, it is necessary for the western ethnic areas to continue the practice of constructing an ec￣ological civilization. Though adjustment to local conditions, and actively exploring the practice of ecological civilization construction, we should gradually accumulate experience in the construc￣tion of ecological civilization for the western ethnic areas, and even the whole country. In particular, in Guizhou, Yunnan and Qinghai, we must active￣ly promote the process of regional ecological civili￣zation construction based on the scheme of their own ecological civilization demonstration area pro￣grams. In addition, the western ethnic areas should fully play an important role in informal in￣stitutions, such as national ecological culture.