改革后的俄罗斯社会保障制度

俄罗斯社会保障制度的形成最早可追溯到十月革命胜利后,是在前苏联保障体制的基础上继承和发展而来的。前苏联成立后,先后颁布了《劳动者社会保障条例》、《残恤金条例》、《退休金条例》等社会保障条例,以及《国家退休法》(1956)、《集体农庄庄员养老金和补助费法》(1965)、《进一步改善     

道德权利与劳动关系中的公平正义——经济伦理研究的重要一维

社会劳动关系中的公平正义是社会和谐的重要基础,也是经济伦理研究应关注的重要领域。为什么在现实生活中,侵犯劳动者权益的事情屡屡发生,从雇主拖欠工资到酷热夏天对坚持户外作业的劳动者隐瞒其应享有的高温费,乃至发生工人中暑而死亡的事件？可见公平正义的劳动关系的建立,     

制度体系建设是提升高校民主管理水平的根本

一、《规定》与原《条例》相比有以下几方面的特点:1.《规定》比《条例》更强调和谐、利于贯彻执行《规定》中定义涵盖了所有学校,清楚地标明《规定》的适用范围是"学校"。为"中国境内公办的幼儿园和各级各类学校"通过实行教代会制度,保障教职工参与学校民主管理的权利。     

把好干部选任监督的“钥匙”

<正>元月下旬,中组部印发了《关于加强干部选拔任用工作监督的意见》(以下简称《意见》)。干部人事制度专家表示,《意见》与《党政领导干部选拔任用工作条例》(以下简称《条例》)相衔接、配套,有利于营造风清气正的用人环境。铁规发力禁令生威近年来,干部人事制度改革成效显著,但在一些地方和单位,违规用人的现象仍时有发生,干部群众反映强烈。"《意见》体现了从严治党、严明组织纪律的精神,是落实《条例》的重要配套文件"。     

由取消强制婚检制度引发的思考

2003年新的《婚姻登记条例》颁布实行.《条例》最突出的地方是取消了强制婚检.婚检不再成为结婚登记的必经程序,赋予了民众"婚检自由"的权利.     

社会扫描

职业健康监管办法:无离岗健康检查禁解除劳动合同国家安全监管总局职业健康司起草的《职业健康监护监督管理办法(征求意见稿)》日前公布并征求公众意见。根据征求意见稿,用人单位应当在30日内对准备脱离所从事的职业病危害作业或岗位的劳动者进行离岗时职业健康     

《问刑条例》与明代中后期统治集团的立法思想

《问刑条例》是明代中后期最重要的刑事法律。在弘治、嘉靖、万历年间的三次修订过程中,修例朝臣,收集了“简切易晓”、“经久可行”的条例;适当调整了对一些犯罪的刑罚,使所制条例“罪情相当”,还增加了大量的法律规定,删除了与律有明显矛盾的条例。这样一来,就坚持和贯彻了明代中后期统治集团的“革冗琐难行”、“情法适中”和“立例以辅律”的立法指导原则,制定了一部长久辅律而行的,“法守画一”的,符合“中制”要求的《问刑条例》。《问刑条例》的颁行,对维护当时社会的稳定和明王朝统治起了重要作用。     

养老并轨 悬在事业单位改革头上的“达摩克利斯剑”?

<正>新华社今年6月15日受权播发《事业单位人事管理条例》(以下简称《条例》)并于7月1日起施行。这一《条例》,与规范我国企业劳动关系的《劳动合同法》和规范公务员管理的《国家公务员法》并列,成为我国第一部系统规范事业单位人事管理的行政法规。针对我国目前存在的单位制人事管理的多元性,这个《条例》的颁布算是补齐了各类性质单位人事管理的相关法规。应当说,这个《条例》确立了     

休假制度法律适用的几个问题

休假权与工作时间密切相关.对工作时间的控制和对休假权的安排,其直接的目标是维持劳动者的身体健康和体力恢复,为劳动力的再生提供条件.目前我国已经形成了包括法定节假日、带薪年休假、探亲假、婚丧假、产假等在内的休假制度.2007年国务院出台《带薪年休假条例》后,现有休假制度得到了改进,但还存在一些问题.     

江西省企业工资支付暂行规定出台

为规范企业工资支付行为,保护劳动者获得劳动报酬的权利,江西省首部工资支付规范性条例《江西省企业工资支付暂行规定》最近正式出台,《规定》首次明确了计件制加班工资的支付。新规定将从发布之日起30日后施行。建立工资增长机制《规定》要求,用人单位应建立正常的工资增长机制。实行计件工资制的,工资支付周期可以按计件完成情况约定。     

University‐industry relationships in genetic research: Potential opportunities and pitfalls

Changes in the environment in which university research is conducted, in conjunction with the development of new research technologies such as biotechnology, are contributing to the proliferation and diversification of university‐industry relationships. This paper describes and documents university‐industry relationships in five categories: research contracts, technology transfer activities, consultancies, employment, and gifts. Special emphasis is given to biotechnology research relations. Conflicts that may arise from these relations are discussed and studies evaluating the potential impacts of university‐industry relationships are summarized. While wide‐spread abuse has not been reported, subtle changes in university research may be occurring. Using the University of Tennessee as a case study, the paper ends with a discussion of the difficulties of establishing guidelines and procedures to prevent and settle conflicts of interest that might result from university‐industry relationships.     

QAP：测量“关系”之间关系的一种方法

常规统计方法要求变量之间独立，而关系数据恰恰违背这个假设。如何测量关系之间的关系？QAP是可用的一种方法。本文介绍了QAP的原理，并通过UCINET用实际例子展示QAP相关和QAP回归的应用。QAP不但可以测量两种关系数据之间的回归，还可以测量相关，测量“属性数据”和“关系数据”之间的关系，该方法因而独具特色。     

"So Many Tiers, So Many Agendas, So Many Pots of Money": The Challenge of English Regionalization for Voluntary and Community Organizations

This paper looks at the challenges facing voluntary and community organizations (VCOs) within the new policy context of English “regionalism”, drawing primarily on an empirical study in one of the emerging Regions. Barriers to voluntary and community sector (VCS) engagement with the new regional governmental organizations and the new regional policy agenda are identified. The role of VCS “infrastructure” organizations in facilitating relationships with regional levels of government is also considered. The concepts of exchange, ownership, trust and legitimacy are then employed to analyse and explain the implications for English VCOs of working with a new tier of government at regional level. The paper concludes by reconsidering the nature of the relationship between VCOs and “government” in the light of the new policy context presented by English regionalism combined with central government interest in building the capacity and infrastructure of the voluntary sector.     

卡里斯玛、公共性与中国社会——有关“差序格局”的再思考

对费孝通的“差序格局”概念,已有的研究大多从个体与不同类别的其他社会成员之间关系的差异性出发来讨论。笔者以为,类似的模型几乎可以在世界任何一个文化里找到,仅从这一视角出发肯定有所偏差。事实上,费孝通认为存在两种“社群”：由团体格局所形成的“团体”和由差序格局形成的“社会圈子”。东西方社会结构的差异不在于西方只存在“团体”,东方只存在“社会圈子”,而在于这两种“社群”在社会构成上的不同。笔者由此指出,“差序格局”的实际含义是强调由“差序”所构成的社会组织在中国社会中占据主导与支配地位。中国所谓的公共领域,实际上由私人领域扩张与转化而来,或者受到私人领域的支配,这也使得中国社会的公共性供给在相当程度上依赖并取决于处于“差序格局”中心的某个个体或某一批个体的道德性     

1928—1929年中日“水案”交涉

1928年12月,日本炮车在汉口将人力车夫水杏林撞伤致死,即水杏林案件,简称＂水案＂。水案引起中国工人罢工并封锁日租界,日方对中方屡有挑衅,双方交涉、对峙达半年之久。最后在中方做出一定让步的情况下,事件得以解决,但这种解决是不彻底的。     

"Sustainable Development" as Collective Surge

The purpose of this article is to examine a surge in the sciences surrounding the use of the concept of sustainable development. Data come from the annual frequencies of publications in various disciplines that use the concept of sustainable development as well as from a content analysis of documents. The article concludes that the surge was characterized by the use by scientists of established concepts in a new way, a form of cultural emergence; a prevailing locus of interaction revolving around a professional ideology; the prevalence of the emotions of fear and hope of deliverance from the threat; and an international arena of discourse occurring over a period of years and bounded by class-professional identities. The article demonstrates that a newer understanding of fads as collective surges in the sociology specialty area of collective behavior helps describe the use in the sciences of the concept of sustainable development during the late 1980s and 1990s. The surge is relatively short-lived, coterminous with the use of different meanings and practices of sustainable development. It cannot be understood as a superficial, odd, inconsequential, or frivolous event. Rather, it had important, lasting consequences in a number of areas, from economic and social development to professions.     

Young Children's Emotional Attachments to Stories

In the interest of developing a more holistic and integrated understanding of young children's experience of stories, this study describes preschoolers' emotional attachments to stories and the cultural beliefs and practices which surround such attachments. Thirty-two European-American, middle-class families, participated in an interview study of their children's story attachments, and five of these mothers also participated in a short-term, longitudinal diary study. Every child experienced at least two emotional attachments to stories. Children were captivated by stories presented in different media, with many attachments occurring around video stories in addition to books. They expressed their attachments by repeatedly requesting the story, expressing strong feelings, and enacting the story in pretend play. Story attachments were social in two fundamental ways: children created relationships with the characters in their favorite stories, and story attachments emerged in the context of relationships with caregivers whose beliefs and practices supported such attachments.     

"Maintaining connections but wanting more": the continuity of familial relationships among assisted-living residents

Social support is a key component of well-being for older adults, particularly for those who have moved from independent living to assisted living involving a transformation of roles, relationships, and responsibilities. Twenty-nine assisted-living facility residents were interviewed to understand the perceived continuity of relationships with family and friends. An inductive approach to thematic analysis revealed 1 main theme and 3 subthemes. The main theme that emerged was: maintaining connections but wanting more. Residents appreciated maintaining connections with family and friends, but often expressed feelings of discontentment with the continuity of former relationships. The subthemes included: appreciating family and friends, waiting for more, and losing control. Implications for research and practice are discussed.     

试论费孝通的“乡寰视野”

本文根据费孝通的有关理论、观点提出“乡寰视野”、“劦业乡”两个概念，尝试以此来诠释费孝通关于中国城乡社会发展与世界经济之“休戚与共”的理论和实践活动。文章阐述了费孝通“乡寰视野”观的渊源、演进；从概念结构上解明“乡寰视野”中的“乡”和“寰”，以及“劦业乡”各自的内涵构成；通过对映衬费孝通“乡寰视野”历史意识的理论梳理，以及对费孝通晚年就“乡”“寰”关系问题所作阐述的把握，试图以更具综合性的视域对费孝通的这一重要思想作出较为系统的学理解释。文章最后指出，费孝通倡导“文化自觉”体现出了更为宽广、更为仁至的人文关怀的情愫。“乡寰视野”中的纯真的愿景，是“‘美好社会’的意念”。     

Knowledge Communities, Spatial Theory and Social Policy

This paper uses the concept of knowledge communities to account for the relatively low impact of spatial perspectives on welfare policy (marginalization in the economic sphere; limited uptake in the social sphere). However, recent developments in the social sciences include a growing recognition of relationships between discourse, knowledge and power. Central to this work is a recognition of the territorialized nature of knowledge. These developments suggest that social policy has the potential to be reconfigured in a much more geographically sensitive manner.