Response Rates in Business and Management Research: An Overview of Current Practice and Suggestions for Future Direction

This paper examines response rates (RR) in published research in business and management journals. Its aim is to evaluate the efficacy of RR‐enhancing strategies, explore differences in RR between sub‐disciplines and geographical regions, provide a critical appraisal of RR in business and management research, and offer guidelines for assessing and improving RR in business and management research. Data are analysed from 1093 survey‐based papers published between 2009 and 2013 in a representative sample of business and management journals. The results of the study are discussed, and their implications for RR in business and management research are provided.     

住房抵押贷款定价研究进展

期权定价方法可以用来为住房抵押贷款定价.在回顾采用期权定价方法来研究住房抵押贷款定价模型的相关文献的基础上,本文评述了住房抵押贷款期权定价的相关模型,讨论了提前支付与违约在住房抵押贷款定价问题中的作用,分析了住房抵押贷款保险定价及其相关问题,并对未来的研究提出了建议.     

管理控制与和谐管理研究

现代组织的发展出现三大趋势复杂快变的环境、复杂网络化的结构和追求自我实现的员工,使传统的管理控制面临严重挑战.通过研究回顾,发现传统管理控制通过目标设定、信息收集和控制机制,实现理性设计的控制模式已无法应对现代组织面临的挑战.借鉴中国传统哲学、系统观和组织研究等相关成果发展起来的和谐管理理论,其"围绕和谐主题通过理性设计和环境诱导下的自主演化相结合的控制思想"为现代组织管理应对挑战指明了方向,并基于此给出和谐管理控制的概念模型.     

Operations Risk Management: Overview of Paul Kleindorfer's Contributions

This paper reviews Paul Kleindorfer's contributions to Operations Management (OM), with a special focus on his research on risk management. An annotated bibliography of selected other contributions reviews the breadth of topics that have occupied Kleindorfer's research attention over his now 45 + years of research. These include optimal control theory, scheduling theory, decision sciences, investment planning and peak load pricing, plus a number of important applications in network industries and insurance. In the area of operations risk management, we review recent work that Kleindorfer and his colleagues in the Wharton Risk Center have undertaken on environmental management and operations, focusing on process safety and environmental risks in the chemical industry. This work is directly related to Kleindorfer's work in the broader area of “sustainable operations”, which he, Kal Singhal and Luk Van Wassenhove recently surveyed as part of the new initiative at POMS to encompass sustainable management practices within the POMS community. Continuing in the area of supply chain risks, the paper reviews Kleindorfer's contributions to the development of an integrated framework for contracting and risk hedging for supply management. The emphasis on alignment of pricing, performance and risk management in this framework is presaged in the work undertaken by Kleindorfer and his co‐authors in the 1980s on after‐sales support services for high‐technology products. This work on supply chain risk, and its successors, is reviewed here in light of its growing importance in managing the unbundled and global supply chains characteristic of the new economy.     

The Ethics of Management Research: An Exploratory Content Analysis

Management academics have tended to rely on ethics codes developed by social researchers in related fields to inform their research practice. The point of this paper is to question whether this remains a viable approach in the current climate that is characterized by a significant increase in ethical regulation across the social sciences. We suggest that management researchers face ethical issues of a different nature to those most frequently confronted by other social science researchers, and argue for more explicit acknowledgement of contextual factors involved in management research. An exploratory analysis of the content of ethics codes formulated by nine social scientific associations is undertaken to identify the main ethical principles they cover and to analyse their underlying ethical tone. Drawing attention to the principle of reciprocity, which is found in very few codes, we suggest that an ethics code could be used to formulate new ways of thinking about management research relationships. Despite the risk that ethics codes may encourage instrumental compliance with minimal ethical obligations, we suggest they also have the potential to reflect a more aspirational agenda. The development of an ethics code for management research should therefore be seen as a potentially worthwhile project.     

母子公司管理控制方式及其影响因素的实证研究

本研究目的是探索母子公司管理控制方式的构成类型及其影响因素.通过开发并检验“母子公司管理控制方式量表”,得出母子公司管理控制方式包括目标管控、活动管控、结果管控和文化管控等方面.研究表明,总部价值创造能力是影响母子公司管理控制方式的最重要因素,其次是子公司创业精神和子公司相关性.环境不确定性对母子公司管理控制方式没有显著影响,但对目标管控维度有显著影响.本研究为母子公司管理控制方式的设计和调适提供了新的理论依据.     

Swedish Chemical Regulation: An Overview and Analysis

This article begins with a review of the regulation of chemicals in Sweden over the past 30 years, focusing particularly on the 1997 Government Environmental Quality Bill, which called for a toxic-free society by the year 2020. The second part of the article analyzes why Sweden has taken this route. The third and final section discusses Sweden's present role in formulating present EU chemical regulation, such as the recent EU Chemical White Paper, and hypothesizes future impacts of Swedish chemical regulations on the EU itself.     

An Overview of Welfare Reform in Italy

Samuelson stated in 1967 that “the beauty about social insurance is that ... everyone who reaches retirement age is given benefit privileges that far exceed anything he has paid in”. Such an optimistic belief seems to have been widely shared in Italy, where until the beginning of the reform process in 1992 social security could be described as a continuous succession of highly generous and diversified promises of payment made by the state to the different categories of workers on the basis of salary earned in the final stage of working life. The pension reform introduced by the Dini government in 1995 led to the adoption of a contribution-based method of calculation, which meant a return to the forgotten “golden rule” that the financial equilibrium of pay-as-you-go systems is ensured only if the implicit yield is equal to the rate of growth of the taxable basis of social security contributions. Equilibrium would thus be safeguarded, restoring itself automatically after any accidental disruption caused by demographic or economic upheaval, and operating regardless of the capacity and will of governments and of the majorities supporting them. The great efforts made to build up sufficient consensus with respect to such radical modifications of principle were, however, accompanied by a marked caution in bringing the system into full effect. This has left the country with the problem of accelerating transition to the new mechanism of calculating contributions, applied initially only to the newly employed and pro rata to workers with less than 18 years of contributions paid in, thereby making for a very long period of transition. In such a connection, a recent proposal has suggested that the state should try to induce workers to agree freely to a reduction in their accrued pension entitlements through the public system in return for a share in the process of privatization. If government were to repay the pension debt “below par”, this would allow for greater savings on future expenditure by using part of the revenues of privatization to pay off the pension debt in advance rather than by using these sums to pay off the national debt. More radical approaches aiming at cutting back social spending, would fail to take into account the risks involved in the collapse of public trust and of the structures that have hitherto guaranteed the cohesion of Italian society and the conditions for entrepreneurial commitment. On the other hand, an unbridled bottom-up proliferation of networks of social cohesion, supplementary voluntary bodies and non-profit initiatives may involve the risk of further arbitrary action being taken in the name of income redistribution. The social market requires bottom-up action on the part of associations, but also the guarantee of state-imposed rules that are equal for all parties and of a market that is free from the distortions of competition regulated from the top. A welfare state that has too often disguised the redistribution of resources in non-transparent forms must be replaced by a transparent welfare system effecting an explicit redistribution of resources and allowing a suitably regulated market to operate without indulging continually in further forms of “correction”. This calls for the introduction of a microchip “citizen card”, able to offer characteristics both of uniformity and of fine-tuning in terms of specific conditions of age, income, assets, education, etc., so as to permit forms of selection and/or cost sharing where desirable. Some of the rights to welfare services incorporated in the “citizen card” could in fact be assigned in monetary form but restricted to specific uses. Such “social money”, conveniently based on modern technological transaction structures, could become the money of the state sector, the private sector, and the third sector of non-profit organizations and associations, enabling all parties to respond to the objective demand expressed by citizens in conditions of competition that are free of supply-side distortion.     

战略控制方法的沿革与探析

通过对管理控制方法和战略控制方法的比较研究,界定了战略控制的研究重点,指出面对复杂性的战略控制问题是目前研究的重点,对目前面对复杂性的战略控制方法进行了评述,认为技术和方法上的突破能够为解决实际问题提供有力支持.     

东方管理研究:理论回顾与发展方向

在对CSSCI期刊104篇论文分析的基础上,回顾了东方管理研究自1994~2008的成果和理论发展情况,总结了东方管理在研究内容、研究方法上存在的主要问题,阐明了东方管理研究面临的挑战。东方管理的研究需要从科学性、艺术性和道德性3个层面,重点研究东方人文社会情景下的“人”和“组织”的问题,重视规范的实证和案例研究,加强国际化交流,构成东方管理对普世管理学的贡献。     

TMT构成对组织产出影响的国外研究进展及对我国国企改革中高管团队构建的启示

从TMT构成研究的理论基础、TMT构成特征对组织产出的影响、TMT进程特征对组织产出的影响、结合情景因素的TMT构成研究等四个方面对高管团队(Top Management Team,TMT)构成的国外研究进展进行了回顾,指出了目前该领域研究存在的主要不足,以及现有研究成果对于结合中国情境的TMT研究和我国国企改革中高管团队构建实践的借鉴意义.     

Field Research Practice in Management and Organization Studies: Reclaiming its Tradition of Discovery

This review reasserts field research's discovery epistemology. While it occupies a minority position in the study of organization and management, discovery-oriented research practice has a long tradition of giving insight into new, unappreciated and misappreciated processes that are important to how work is accomplished. I argue that while methods discourse has long emphasized that particularizing data and an emergent research design are productive for discovery, little to no attention has been paid to the conjectural processes necessary to imaginatively interpret these observations. I underscore them. What is the future for discovery work in business schools today? Issues arise when an increasing interest in discovery-oriented research is expressed in an institutional context that is bounded off from field research's home disciplines and is dominated by a validation epistemology. In light of this current context, I offer some initial thoughts on the work to be done to maintain fieldwork's discovery tradition in management and organization studies.     

跨组织工作流建模及分析研究述评

从组织间工作流的层面对跨组织工作流建模的已有研究进行分类、总结和评价.然后,从定性分析和定量分析2个角度综述了工作流分析的相关研究.最后,总结了该领域研究的管理实践意义,并针对现有研究存在的不足,探讨了未来的研究趋势和发展方向.     

Biological Markers of Environmental and Ecological Contamination: An Overview

An approach, using biomarkers (biological responses) for assessing the biological and ecological significance of contaminants present in the environment is described. Living organisms integrate exposure to contaminants in their environment and respond in some measurable and predictable way. Responses are observed at several levels of biological organization from the biomolecular level, where pollutants can cause damage to critical cellular macromolecules and elicit defensive strategies such as detoxication and repair mechanisms, to the organismal level, where severe disturbances are manifested as impairment in growth, reproduction, developmental abnormalities, or decreased survival. Biomarkers can provide not only evidence of exposure to a broad spectrum of anthropogenic chemicals, but also a temporally integrated measure of bioavailable contaminant levels. A suite of biomarkers are evaluated over time to determine the magnitude of the problem and possible consequences. Relationships between biomarker response and adverse ecological effects are determined from estimates of animal health and population structure.     

中国管理实践导向的管理科学与工程理论与方法

本文通过文献评述、专家调查和典型案例分析,试图解释中国管理实践导向的管理科学与工程学科学术研究的基本特点和发展趋势。结果表明,近年来基于中国数据、中国案例和中国经验的管理学术研究成果越来越多。这些研究考虑了中国国情、国家战略、制度和文化等因素,也反映出中国情景下管理科学与工程研究的复杂性和学科交叉性等特点。同时,针对“基于我国领跑工程的管理科学与工程研究”、“面向‘卡脖子’技术的管理科学与工程研究”两个领域的关键科学问题和未来发展进行了初步探讨。     

医院管理中手术排程研究现状及发展前景

在国外,医院手术排程问题已经是一个研究热点,并且取得了丰硕的理论和应用成果,而在国内,目前尚属空白研究阶段。中国正处于提高医院管理水平的关键时期,对手术排程的研究文献加以综述、评价,介绍国外医院手术排程理论最新发展动态、实际应用情况及其在中国的研究前景,这不仅可以推进中国医院管理理论研究工作,而且对中国医院借鉴国外先进的手术排程方法提高手术室利用率具有重要指导意义。     

Planning and Scheduling in Supply Chains: An Overview of Issues in Practice

This paper gives an overview of the theory and practice of planning and scheduling in supply chains. It first gives an overview of the various planning and scheduling models that have been studied in the literature, including lot sizing models and machine scheduling models. It subsequently categorizes the various industrial sectors in which planning and scheduling in the supply chains are important; these industries include continuous manufacturing as well as discrete manufacturing. We then describe how planning and scheduling models can be used in the design and the development of decision support systems for planning and scheduling in supply chains and discuss in detail the implementation of such a system at the Carlsberg A/S beerbrewer in Denmark. We conclude with a discussion on the current trends in the design and the implementation of planning and scheduling systems in practice.     

服务科学管理与工程：一个正在兴起的领域

20世纪80年代以来,服务日趋重要,并有占据全球经济主导地位之势。服务科学旨在通过科学的形式化方法对服务展开跨学科的系统研究,目前正处于兴起阶段。回顾了服务经济在全球快速成长的形势,说明了服务科学研究的必要性、紧迫性及其兴起过程。在重点讨论了服务科学的研究对象"服务"的基础上,详细阐述了服务科学的概念与目标,说明了服务科学的核心议题和研究方向。     

高层管理团队断层与企业战略决策的关系研究

通过实证分析高层管理团队特征所形成的2类断层(人口特征断层与个性心理特征断层)与企业战略决策的2个衡量指标(决策质量与决策效率)之间的关系,探讨了团队认同在其中的调节作用。研究结果表明,个性心理特征断层与决策质量及决策效率均存在显著的负相关关系,且受到团队认同的调节;高层管理团队人口特征断层与决策质量存在微弱的负相关关系,且团队认同的调节作用不显著。     

镜像组织研究法:一种本土管理学研究资源的开发思路

本土管理学的发展不仅需要理论创新,也需要研究方法的创新。"镜像组织研究法",拥有当前管理学主流实证方法中所不具备的刻画心理活动等特点,运用这一研究方法存在着科学合理性和可行性。