全面创新管理：创新管理新范式初探——理论溯源与框架

全面创新管理是创新管理的新范式,以培养核心能力、提高核心竞争力为导向,以价值创造(价值增加)为目标,以各种创新要素(如技术、组织、市场、战略、文化、制度等)的有机组合与全面协同创新为手段,通过有效的创新管理机制、方法和工具,力求做到“全要素创新,全时空创新,全员创新和全面协同”。全面创新观与传统创新观的显著区别是突破了以往仅由研发部门孤立创新的格局,突出了以人为本的创新生态观,并使创新的要素与时空范围大大扩展。向全面创新管理转变是知识经济时代企业面对激烈的市场竞争和用户需求的日益多样化、个性化挑战的必然选择。     

The domain of international management

Recent domain statements by the International Management Division of the Academy of Management and by the Editors of this journal are critiqued in terms of contents as well as of their lack of definitions of the key terms “international” and “management” and of an analysis of the latter’s interaction. This article emphasizes traditional interpretations of these terms as a starting point for further discussions of international management scholarship whose boundaries are bound to expand and change even though consensus about the International Management field is unlikely in the near future.     

基于CMM与OPM3的软件项目关键成功因素分析

本文在对软件项目管理和项目管理成熟度模型发展讨论的基础上,根据中国项目项目管理知识体系以及我国软件企业中软件项目管理和软件能力成熟度模型的发展中所出现的问题,总结和归纳了影响软件项目管理的31个关键影响因素,建立了软件项目管理三层次模型。通过对软件项目管理人员以调查问卷的形式收集数据资料,利用因子分析验证了软件项目管理三层次模型的正确性和可行性,以期通过软件项目管理提高我国软件企业CMM等级。     

知识管理与企业管理信息系统建设

知识经济时代,知识在企业最终产品和劳务的价值增值中起着重要的作用,知识是企业经营最重要的资源。企业应该把知识管理融合到企业的管理信息系统中,并且将知识管理作为主要的管理活动和利用知识管理取得企业竞争优势。本文从—些企业知识管理成功与失败的案例入手,探讨企业知识管理的内涵,知识管理、企业业务流程与企业管理信息系统整合中的信息技术的软硬平台。探讨将知识管理与信息技术和企业业务流程结合起来的最佳方式,达到全企业的知识共亭,提高企业全体员工的素质,进而提高企业的竞争能力。     

Same same but different: managerial influences on organisational performance in foundations and associations

In the last few years the management orientation of nonprofit organisation (NPOs) has been gaining importance. Management is said to have made the organisation of NPOs more effective and efficient. However, the influence of the institutional settings is often neglected in nonprofit management literature. By using a quantitative empirical approach this study investigates the influence of the legal type of Swiss nonprofits on the relationship between management dimensions and organisational performance. The research findings reveal significant differences in the management of foundations and associations. In particular, foundations have a competitive advantage in terms of innovation and market orientation. Whereas associations profit from investing in governance issues.     

制度环境视野下的中国战略管理研究途径

目前,战略管理研究的一种误区在于,认为战略管理理论的重心是对组织能力来源的探讨。有鉴于此,通过导入新制度主义的制度环境、合法性和组织同构化的理论,并就其理论性质及其对组织和管理学研究的理论贡献,以及战略管理的理论局限展开了讨论。最后,在讨论转型期的制度环境及其组织同构化特性的基础上,提出了2个当前中国战略管理研究的重点。     

PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT'S NEW “REQUISITE VARIETY”

This essay is based on my plenary address at the second annual meeting of the Production and Operations Management Society on November 11, 1991. I propose that as the competitive environment in which production and operations management (POM) practitioners operate becomes ever more demanding and the problems about which POM academics study and teach become more complex and interrelated, we need new approaches both in our teaching and our research. I describe five ways of expanding our “requisite variety” of capabilities.     

和谐管理理论的实践性模型

和谐管理理论经过近20年的发展,其理论框架日臻完善。基于前人的研究成果,对和谐管理理论进行深入分析和思索,结合企业管理实践,提出和谐管理理论的实践性模型,包括和谐管理理论的总体实践性模型、和谐主题的辨识模型、环境和组织的关键问题检索清单、和谐主题形成过程模型、和谐主题或和谐状态的漂移模型以及双规则运用模型,为企业进行和谐管理实践提供帮助。     

企业项目管理成熟度模型的构建与应用研究

项目管理成熟度模型(PMMM)是用来帮助项目管理组织评估和改进自身项目管理水平的一种方法和工具,对于我国企业项目管理实践有着重要的指导意义。本文结合我国项目管理知识体系与企业应用特点,研究提出了基于项目过程的企业项目管理成熟度等级模型,建立了评价指标体系,并阐述了各等级的关键实践活动,最后本文探索了我国企业采用该项目管理成熟度等级模型的途经与方法。     

复杂情境下中国企业管理创新类型选择研究

旨在解析我国企业在多因素综合作用的复杂情境下就突变型与渐进型管理创新选择的问题。基于扎根理论、使用多案例比较研究方法,首先采用开放式译码、轴向译码、以及选择性译码析出了大连三洋冷链有限公司管理创新案例中蕴含的关键概念、范畴和故事脉络,并对初始案例研究草案和研究样本进行了发展和补充;其次,在对其他9个案例分别进行概念、范畴和故事脉络分析的基础上,对10个案例进行了比较研究,得出了我国企业在组织规模、行业环境、企业家精神和组织文化的不同组合维度下对突变型和渐进型管理创新的选择模式及其中的机理。     

神舟项目管理成熟度模型

本文简要介绍一种我国自行开发的项目管理成熟度模型——神舟项目管理成熟度模型(SZ-PMMM)。该模型是由面向企业级组织和项目级组织的两个相对独立的项目管理成熟度模型组成的集成模型,突破了“项目管理成熟度即项目管理过程成熟度”的传统框架,从更广泛的领域评价项目管理成熟度;同时,关注了企业级组织中多项目间管理能力的差异性,强化了企业级组织项目管理能力提升的动力机制,对各级组织项目管理能力的评价与改进有指导意义。     

Change in management and the management of change

The author believes that management by recipe and imitation are dead. That way, one is predictable and vulnerable to competitors. Management should create the changing environment, not merely respond to change. He advocates methodological approaches to innovation, value added dynamics and accelerated organizational change, with particular emphasis on realizing rapid competitive benefits from implementation of strategic information systems. He believes that accelerating the innovative use of information technology will have more impact on the performance of the European IT industry that any amount of subsidized R & D.     

基于QFD矩阵的竞争战略决策框架

借助于全面质量管理理论中的QFD矩阵,本文提出了一种顾客导向的竞争战略决策框架,它有效地将内部竞争能力与外部竞争要素放在一起进行分析与决策。文中还进一步探讨了其中的竞争要素的特征以及竞争冲击曲线理论,为有效地作出竞争战略决策提供了基础。     

管理科学与工程理论与方法突破若干重点前沿领域

管理科学与工程学科“十四五”战略规划课题组在国家自然科学基金委管理科学部的指导和资助下,通过调研和多轮专家评审归纳总结出“十四五”期间管理科学与工程学科层面的重点前沿领域。本文从运筹学和商务数据两个层面,汇报了亟需取得理论与方法突破的若干重点前沿领域。     

The Impact of Quality Management Practices on Performance and Competitive Advantage

As decision makers become more involved in implementing Total Quality Management, questions are raised about which management practices should be emphasized. In this exploratory investigation of the relationship of specific quality management practices to quality performance, a framework was constructed. It focuses on both core quality management practices and on the infrastructure that creates an environment supportive of their use. In addition, it incorporates two measures of quality performance and their role in establishing and sustaining a competitive advantage. Path analysis was used to test the proposed model, with multiple regression analysis determining the path coefficients, which were decomposed into their various effects. Weak linkages were eliminated. The trimmed model indicated that perceived quality market outcomes were primarily related to statistical control/feedback and the product design process, while the internal measure of percent that passed final inspection without requiring rework was strongly related to process flow management and to statistical control/feedback, to a lesser extent. Both measures of quality performance were related to competitive advantage. Important infrastructure components included top management support and workforce management. Supplier relationships and work attitudes were also related to some of the core quality practices and quality performance measures. The results were interpreted in light of Hill's concept of order winners and order qualifiers and Garvin's eight dimensions of quality. They indicate that different core quality management practices lead to success in different dimensions of quality, and that those dimensions function differently as order winners and order qualifiers.     

Reference model for collaborative management in the automotive industry

Changes in the competitive environment require corporate restructuring, strengthening the relationship between the participants in a supply chain, implementing inter-organisational collaborative actions. Different strategies for collaborative actions render the subject relevant to researchers and managers. Integration, cooperation and partnership are essential to the success of this restructuring; the practices in this subject will be treated as Collaborative Management. The main objective is to analyse and synthesise the requirements of Collaborative Management in the automotive industry. The multicase study begins with an exploratory study to identify the theoretical elements that involve collaborative activity between companies, followed by a multiple case study in order to analyse the collaborative strategies used by companies. With the data collected a reference model will be produced using the Enterprise Knowledge Development methodology under a collaborative management approach. The data will enable the systematic and consistent representation of the collaboration between companies, helping to clarify the Collaborative role, and the integration relationship with the inter-organisational managing strategies.     

Alumni Relationship Management als Erfolgsfaktor im Wettbewerb der Hochschulen

Alumni Relationship Management is an important attribute in the increasingly competitive environment of German universities. Alumni are ambassadors of their alma mater and are part of its reputation. The retention of alumni is of further importance because it enhances the transfer between the academic’s and practitioner’s worlds and can contribute to a sound financial basis of universities. This empirical survey of alumni organisations of universities shows two general types of alumni organisations which can be differentiated by their parameters and activities. The success of alumni relationship management is reflected by professionalism of its organisation and the quality, which is determined by its acceptance of its members.     

The effects of demand,competitive, and technological uncertainty on board monitoring and institutional ownership of IPO firms

This paper considers industry-specific contingencies that may account for some of the inter-firm heterogeneity in the deployment of specific corporate governance mechanisms in IPO firms. We examine how differences in demand, competitive, and technological uncertainty in the industry influence the levels of IPO firm monitoring by board outsiders and institutional investors. We test our theory using a sample of U.S. firms that completed an IPO in 24 manufacturing industries. The results indicate that industry uncertainty is, indeed, significantly related to the use of corporate governance mechanisms. In particular, the empirical results indicate that industry effects on IPO firm board monitoring and institutional investor ownership are the strongest and most consistent for demand uncertainty and competitive uncertainty.

基于技术监测方法的管理科学论文作者分析研究

以国家自然科学基金委员会管理科学部遴选的20种管理科学核心期刊作为监测对象,利用技术监测方法,对1994~2004年所刊载的论文进行了分析,揭示了近年来我国管理科学研究水平及科研队伍的现状。探讨了作者产出能力和地区分布的特点,确定了管理科学领域高产作者情况,对地区之间、高产作者之间的关联关系进行了研究。     

管理研究中感悟与实证的对接——比较“中道管理”与“基于研究证据的管理”

"中道管理"是典型的中国管理艺术,是感悟思维的结果;管理的科学、艺术两重性迫使我们反思"中道管理"的模糊之处。比较"中道管理"与"基于研究证据的管理"的言说方式,发现逻辑思维的科学研究方法可以言说"只可意会,不可言传"的中国管理艺术。在本体性否定哲学的指导下,充分认识中西管理研究方法的局限,才能创造中华气质的管理科学。