相容商空间粒度下的话题识别与跟踪

本课题以话题识别与跟踪为研究内容,根据相容关系集和距离函数形成话题层次结构,利用相容隶属函数对不确定边界文本进行话题确认,形成带有明确话题标注信息的语料.以此建立话题识别与跟踪体系,为相关部门实时、精确掌握网络舆情提供理论支撑和方法指引.     

身份认证技术在主机安全系统中的地位

本文对于操作系统的安全策略只作了初步的尝试,在军队系统如何实时地识别合法数据包和非法数据包,如何区分合法用户和非法用户;如何对系统用户的行为进行跟踪、预测并阻止非法行为对系统造成的损害等,都需要作进一步的研究.     

基于改进的话题检测技术的TBT预警系统研究

目前的TBT预警研究,使用经济理论和数学模型分析产业数据进行预警,数据收集困难,时效性差.针对以上不足,本文首次将改进的话题检测技术应用于TBT预警,设计了基于改进的话题检测技术的TBT预警系统模型,将改进的话题检测技术成功应用于TBT预警研究.实验结果证明,改进的话题检测技术显著提高了话题检测的精确度.     

基于CW-RNNs网络的手势识别算法

该文在分析表征手势特征和神经网络理论基础上,根据手运动轨迹的连续性规律来研究适用于手势识别的关键技术——基于手势轨迹模型的新型神经网络算法。针对手势识别的模糊性和准确性问题,基于手势局部区域跟踪结果,采用一种新型神经网络算法,实现用于人机交互的动态手势识别。手势识别部分的研究是采用一种新型的循环神经网络(CW-RNNs)对手势运动的轨迹进行识别。根据跟踪部分提取的手指运动轨迹坐标,定义手势模版,采用该方法对手势模版进行学习。首先定义连续动态手势模版,采用时间频率循环神经网络对手势模版进行学习,对每组孤立的动态手势模版进行学习,形成手势识别模型。对影响CW-RNNs模型的因素进行了实验验证和深度分析,通过与多层RNNs、三层RNNs的识别效果进行比较,论证了本文模型对手势轨迹模版识别的优越性。     

基于主题模型的BBS话题演化趋势分析

互联网引发的舆情问题愈发突出,网络舆情研究已被深度关注.话题演化是网络舆情分析的重要内容之一,本文尝试从话题热度变化和内容变化两方面研究舆情动态.本文选取天涯论坛民生讨论的主要版块——天涯杂谈的首发帖为舆情来源,分析比较一系列主题模型后,建立动态主题模型(DTM).通过挖掘随时间变化的动态话题链,从词语变化的微观角度分析热门事件下公众意见的变迁过程,还原事件的整个发展过程.本文提出话题热度计算方法,通过计算2012全年天涯杂谈版块下所有新发帖的话题热度值变化及可视化分析,总结了BBS话题的三个规律.     

如何把握"话题"写好话题作文

考场作文的发展趋势是减少束缚,降低门槛,注重质的提高.就是改变审题有误就全军覆没、束缚过多的局面,给考生自由空间,使人人都能动笔作文,真正体现平等竞争.将重点放在作文质量的考查上,自由度大,开放性强的话题作文是一种行之有效的方式.要写好话题作文,就需要从审题、标题、思路、结构和创新等方面下功夫规范,方能握准"话题",在真正提高作文质量的同时,更能写出自己独具的风采.     

我国工业电力用户价值画像模型构建与应用研究

在新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情对我国电力市场造成巨大冲击的宏观背景下,为进一步提升我国供电企业营销服务资源配置效能,最大化撬动供电企业的综合效益,笔者开展了我国工业电力用户价值画像模型研究。本文对电力用户价值进行了分析和定义,从安全稳定价值(S)、经济效益价值(E)、契约信用价值(C)与有序用电价值(O)四个维度,构建了我国工业电力用户价值评级SECO指标模型,并集成智能算法中的RST(粗糙集理论)与数据挖掘技术中的PAM(围绕中心点切割聚类算法),构造了一种半监督自动化用户价值识别、预测与特征展示模型,模型包括基于RST的指标体系设计、基于Gower相异度系数与PAM的用户价值评级,以及基于用户画像的价值特征展示三大模块。其中,为增强聚类分析结果的科学性与可靠性,采用霍普金斯统计量进行聚类趋势判断,利用间隔统计量输出理论最佳聚类数目,运用轮廓系数评估模型效果与识别误判样本。以我国南方电网公司下属某供电企业电力用户数据进行模型测试与应用研究,得到具有较高解释性与区分度的用户细分方案,表明本模型是一套可行有效的用户价值评级与特征可视化工具。     

在线知识社区中用户付费行为的发展轨迹:基于潜类别增长模型的研究

在线知识社区内知识付费产品得以发展的关键因素在于用户付费行为的持续性。但是，用户的付费意愿和付费行为，在与知识产品以及社区交互的过程中会发生改变。因此，了解用户付费行为随时间的动态变化规律至关重要。本研究利用潜类别增长模型对社区内用户的付费行为进行纵向分析，刻画用户付费行为的发展轨迹，并根据发展轨迹的异质性识别社区内存在的用户亚群(谨慎型用户、领先型用户和学习型用户)。研究结果有助于管理者理解付费知识社区中不同亚群用户的角色、行为特征和演化特点，优化管理策略。     

消费咨询网络中的虚假观点识别与产品采用研究

消费咨询网络是社会化商务环境中的一类特殊社交网络,商家借助消费咨询网络用户传播产品信息从而形成了社交广告。当网络中传播的社交广告传递高于产品品质的评价,或对竞争对手的产品做出低于真实产品品质的评价,称为虚假评价。基于连续观点和离散行为思想构建了产品采用模型,并在模型中设置了用户观点学习规则,即尚未购买产品的用户优先选择诚信指数较高的用户进行观点学习。借助计算实验方法研究了社交广告、观点学习轮次对观点演化和产品采用的影响。结果表明：产品采用模型能够使得被虚假观点误导从而购买产品的用户比例降低;虚假观点识别机制可以有效识别出"低质高评"和"高质低评",并降低其导向性;观点学习轮次的增加可以提高虚假观点的识别效果。研究克服了现有产品扩散模型在不区分信息扩散与产品购买、不考虑信息真伪性、不考虑不同采用阶段等方面的局限。     

说文解字话落实——兼论创新工作推进方法

落实既是个老话题，也是个常说常新的话题。抓落实对于做好工作、成就事业至关重要。历史的经验与教训反复证明，不落实一切都会落空。与先进发．达地区相比，我们欠发达地区现在缺少的不仅仅是思路，在更大程度上缺少的是抓落实的功夫。     

创业研究回顾与展望

创业实践因新兴技术驱动的经济社会环境变革而发生了重大变化,涌现出了不少组织和战略理论甚至是创业研究也难以回答的新现象和新问题,这些现象和问题在中国情境下表现得非常突出,但并没有引起学者们的足够重视。基于此,本文采用扎根理论的编码设计,开展2008~2018年间发表的1842篇国际顶级创业研究文献的统计分析,在描述和评价研究主题发展态势和进展基础上,归纳出以创业前因、创业实施、创业结果与创业情境为体系的创业研究主题框架,进一步提出未来研究趋势和中国情境下开展创业研究的建议。研究结果对于推动我国创业研究的深化发展并开展具有国际学术影响力的高水平研究有着重要的理论价值。     

基于管理类国际权威期刊的中国管理科学与工程学科研究现状分析

基于管理科学与工程学科2010~2019年发表在46份国际权威期刊上的13391篇论文数据,利用文献计量学分析方法,从文献发表记录和基金资助文献两个维度对管理科学与工程学科19个领域的研究现状进行分析。研究结果表明:近10年来,管理科学与工程学科的研究热点主要集中在“博弈论”“创新”“定价”“项目管理”“动态规划”和“供应链管理”等方向。美国、中国、英国、加拿大、德国的发文量排名前5位。在发文量最多的5个国家中,中国国家自然科学基金委员会资助的论文数量排名第一位,且信息系统与管理、管理系统工程是获得资助最多的领域。此外,在国家自然科学基金资助项目中,“供应链”是最热门的主题,“交通管理”和“优化”等主题受到较大关注。在中国大陆机构中,香港城市大学、香港科技大学、香港理工大学、香港中文大学和清华大学的发文量位居前5位。     

New information and social trust: asymmetry and perseverance of attributions about hazard managers.

It has been argued that news about negative events has a much stronger effect on decreasing social trust than does news about positive events on increasing it. This asymmetry principle of trust was investigated in two surveys that also investigated the perseverance of trust. The possibility that established trust attributions persevere in the face of new information raises questions about the limits of trust asymmetry. The two studies yielded evidence that both type of news (good versus bad) and initial general trust in the nuclear power industry or the food supply industry affected level of trust. Compared to individuals trusting the industry, those distrusting the industry exhibited less trust following both bad and good news events. Study I also found that judged informativeness and judged positiveness of news events were affected by type of news and general trust of the industry. Individuals low in general trust of the nuclear power industry judged both bad news and good news as less positive than did those high in general trust. Those low in general trust judged bad news as more informative than good news and than did those high in general trust. An important implication of the perseverance of trust is to focus attention on including not only the effects of information about specific events and actions, but also on the judgment processes underlying social trust. The Salient Value Similarity model is suggested as one way of accounting for these psychological processes.     

医院管理中手术排程研究现状及发展前景

在国外,医院手术排程问题已经是一个研究热点,并且取得了丰硕的理论和应用成果,而在国内,目前尚属空白研究阶段。中国正处于提高医院管理水平的关键时期,对手术排程的研究文献加以综述、评价,介绍国外医院手术排程理论最新发展动态、实际应用情况及其在中国的研究前景,这不仅可以推进中国医院管理理论研究工作,而且对中国医院借鉴国外先进的手术排程方法提高手术室利用率具有重要指导意义。     

Single machine scheduling research

This paper reviews static scheduling research on single machine for the last three decades. One hundred seventy one papers were found on this topic after an extensive search in the English language periodicals. These papers are classified on the basis of the objective functions and constraints. Contribution of each paper is analyzed in terms of its theoretical and computational results. An analysis of the literature on the basis of number of articles published in each year, in each category, in different journals and by different authors has also been provided. This reveals several interesting facts about the developments in single machine scheduling (SMS) research and its future.     

Speculative Overpricing in Asset Markets With Information Flows

In this paper, we derive and experimentally test a theoretical model of speculation in multiperiod asset markets with public information flows. The speculation arises from the traders' heterogeneous posteriors as they make different inferences from sequences of public information. This leads to overpricing in the sense that price exceeds the most optimistic belief about the real value of the asset. We find evidence of speculative overpricing in both incomplete and complete markets, where the information flow is a gradually revealed sequence of imperfect public signals about the state of the world. We also find evidence of asymmetric price reaction to good news and bad news, another feature of equilibrium price dynamics under our model. Markets with a relaxed short‐sale constraint exhibit less overpricing.     

Dangerous News: Media Decision Making about Climate Change Risk

This article explores the role of broadcast news media decision makers in shaping public understanding and debate of climate change risks. It locates the media within a "tangled web" of communication and debate between sources, media, and publics. The article draws on new qualitative research in the British context. The main body of it focuses on media source strategies, on climate change storytelling in news, and the "myth of detachment" sustained by many news decision makers. The empirical evidence, gathered between 1997 and 2004, is derived primarily from recordings and notes drawn from a series of seminars that has brought together equal numbers of BBC news and television decision makers and environment/development specialists. The seminars have created a rare space for extended dialogue between media and specialist perspectives on the communication of complex climate change science and policy. While the article acknowledges the distinctive nature of the BBC as a public sector broadcaster, the evidence confirms and extends current understanding of the career of climate change within the media more broadly. The working group discussions have explored issues arising out of how stories are sourced and, in the context of competitive and time-pressured newsrooms, shaped and presented in short news pieces. Particularly significant is the disjuncture between ways of talking about uncertainty within science and policy discourse and media constructions of objectivity, truth, and balance. The article concludes with a summary of developments in media culture, technology, and practice that are creating opportunities for enhanced public understanding and debate of climate change risks. It also indicates the need for science and policy communities to be more active critics and sources of news.     

Research and development project selection and resource allocation: a review of quantitative modelling approaches

This paper reviews the literature on quantitative modelling for research and development (R&;D) project selection and resource allocation. The topic has been a subject of operations research for about four decades. Its importance stems from the fact that R&D projects are a core element of corporate renewal, heavily influence a firm's market success and, if not properly chosen and trimmed, may waste large amounts of resources or even ruin the enterprise. Our survey classifies and characterizes the various modelling approaches.     

The meaning of bad news management for managers: an explorative research through metaphors

It is a known reality that managers often encounter bad news, and this study explores the question “What is the perspective of managers on bad news management?” in the context of a developing country with rapidly changing conditions. To answer this question, in-depth interviews were conducted with 32 top and middle managers. The results reveal two root metaphors about bad news management in managers’ minds. Managers focus on the past with the “lesson” metaphor and focus on the future with the “opportunity” metaphor. While managing bad news, they draw meaningful inferences from prior experiences and thus become careful and ready. After managing bad news, they have new opportunities to make their organization more mature, developed, and recovered.