公务员敬业度研究综述

着眼于未来,借鉴古今中外学者对于敬业度的研究,搜集、整理和综述国内外学者关于敬业度研究的基础上,考察公务员敬业度的现状,对公务员敬业度的现状进行总体分析并结合公务员敬业度现状和社会因素方面提出了解决对策。     

我国公务员价值观与绩效的关系研究——内隐知识的中介作用

本研究选取内隐知识作为中介变量,探讨了中国文化背景下,我国公务员价值观对绩效的影响.沿着“价值观—内隐知识—绩效”的逻辑思路,采用问卷调查法,分析得出了我国公务员绩效由行政绩效、适应性绩效、人际绩效与奉献绩效四个维度构成,内隐知识由服务群众、见得思义、公正用权、影响他人、处理公务、留意细节与道德修养七个维度构成;研究发现价值观对绩效、内隐知识对绩效有显著的正向影响,且内隐知识在价值观对绩效的影响中起部分中介作用.     

员工满意度与敬业度关系实证研究--以饭店企业为例

本文通过对饭店企业进行实证调查研究发现,影响员工满意度与敬业度的因素并不相同。多元回归分析表明,满意度与工作本身、职业发展、薪酬福利、人际关系、工作生活环境、信息沟通、参与管理存在相关关系;而敬业度只与工作本身、职业发展、管理制度、领导水平存在相关关系。员工根据满意度和敬业度存在4种组合类型:满意度敬业度双高;满意度低敬业度高;满意度高敬业度低;满意度敬业度双低。调查显示,不同管理体制下员工的满意度和敬业度有明显差异,其中,实行合同制的员工在满意度和敬业度双高中占的比例最高。由此,建议国有饭店应推行合同制管理。与饭店服务质量、顾客满意度和企业利润直接相关的是员工的敬业度而不是满意度,因此,未来应该注重员工敬业度的研究,实现人力资源的高效管理。     

公务员工作满意度与组织公平感关系研究

具有较高工作满意度的员工能够提高组织绩效,而组织公平感能够改善其心理与行为,促进工作满意度的提高。本文通过问卷调查分析了公务员组织公平感与工作满意度的关系,结果显示:公务员工作满意度整体水平不高;工作满意度与组织公平感各维度都有较高的相关性,其中,分配公平、领导公平和信息公平对公务员工作满意度有着显著的预测效应,领导公平预测效应最强,程序公平不显著。     

浅议高校教师职业高原对敬业度的影响

职业高原是否会对教师敬业度产生重要的影响？本文以2801名高校教师为研究对象,探讨职业高原对其敬业度的影响以及组织支持感的调节效应。实证发现,内容高原、趋中高原。层级高原对敬业度有显著的预测作用;上级支持、组织认可对内容高原、趋中高原、层级高原与敬业度的关系有显著的调节作用。     

员工敬业度、工作绩效与工作满意度的关系研究

本文基于角色理论,探索员工敬业度、工作绩效与工作满意度之间的关系,以及工作绩效在员工敬业度与工作满意度之间的中介作用。利用在职学生的137份调查数据进行统计分析,结果显示,中国文化背景下,工作绩效也包括任务绩效和关系绩效两个维度;员工敬业度、工作绩效和工作满意度之间存在显著正相关;工作绩效在员工敬业度与工作满意度之间起完全的中介作用。     

高绩效工作系统对员工敬业度的影响机理研究

基于对782名服务业和制造业员工进行的调查,分析了高绩效工作系统对员工敬业度的影响及作用机制。研究表明,高绩效工作系统对员工敬业度的积极影响不是直接的,工作幸福感的核心概念——积极情绪和工作满意度在其中起完全中介作用,而消极情绪的中介作用未得到支持。研究发现,高绩效工作系统实质上是动机激励的工作环境塑造系统,由此形成了激发员工内在工作动机和积极心理体验的组织环境。此外,进一步揭示了工作幸福感是促进员工敬业的关键环节,启示组织应加强员工工作中的情感管理,塑造员工积极的心理力量,从而构建幸福组织。     

基于行为的组织中层管理者工作绩效评价结构研究

本研究从行为视角出发,运用探索性和验证性因素分析方法对组织中层管理者的工作绩效评价结构进行了探讨.研究结果表明:组织中层管理者的工作绩效是一个可以通过行为表现来反映的构念.组织中层管理者的工作绩效评价结构由五个维度构成:人际沟通、行事风格、领导作为、任务执行和敬业尽责,五维度评价结构能较好地反映中层管理者工作绩效的特殊性.五维度评价结构模型与西方关于工作绩效的"任务-周边绩效"模型存在明显差异.     

员工敬业度的研究述评

员工敬业度(Employee Engagement)作为组织行为学的新概念之一,与我国传统哲学意义上的敬业精神的概念不同。文章从员工敬业度的研究背景、概念界定、理论框架、测量量表和影响因素等方面的研究现状进行了系统的介绍和评述,在分析了员工敬业度现存问题的基础上,提出了未来研究需要加强纵向研究、跨文化研究等七个方面问题的探讨。     

消费者品牌感知研究——对品牌意图能动框架的延伸

本研究基于品牌意图能动框架提出了品牌感知的能力、道德、亲切三维度模型,通过询问消费者对品牌感知三个维度的理解,让消费者列举相应品牌的方式挖掘这三个维度之于消费者的含义。本研究先后对10个品牌的消费者感知进行了调查,验证了品牌感知三维度框架的有效性,以及三个维度对积极品牌支持行为和消极品牌伤害行为的影响。研究结果表明品牌感知三维度框架能够较好地预测品牌支持行为和品牌伤害行为,对于具有不同特点产品的品牌这三个维度对品牌行为的影响强度存在差异,消费者对中国品牌(vs.外国品牌)的品牌行为较易受到道德因素的影响,而对奢侈品牌和有敌意国家品牌的品牌行为较易受到亲切维度的影响,亲切维度对品牌行为的影响有时会超过能力维度对品牌行为的影响,一定程度上否定了以往认为消费者对品牌的能力感知是驱动消费者购买意向和品牌忠诚主要因素的结论。品牌感知三维度框架为企业的品牌管理和品牌建设提供了新的视角。     

When Engagement Meets Politics: Analysis of a Brazilian Public Institution

Perception of organizational politics (POP) is usually associated with counterproductive factors. The reason for this stigma is that generally when employees perceive self-interest actions or backstage manoeuvres, they identify obstacles to their careers. On the other hand, the concept work engagement represents physical, cognitive and emotional factors from its dimensions (vigor, dedication and absorption) that can connect employees to their jobs. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the dimensions of work engagement and perceptions of organizational politics in a public institution. Data were collected from 847 employees of a public educational institution, followed by a hierarchical cluster analysis to characterize groups with high and low work engagement scores. Multiple linear regressions were performed for each cluster. It was found that in the low engagement group, the three constructs’ dimensions were negatively related to POP. In the high engagement group there was no negative relationship between those two concepts, but a positive association between dedication and perception of politics was found. The results show evidence that highly engaged civil servants do not identify politics as an obstacle to their career development. The study also suggests that POP level is high in public educational institutions.     

Daily perceptions of relationship quality with leaders: implications for follower well-being

ABSTRACT

We examined how a key relationship at work, an employee’s relationship with their leader, affects employee daily well-being. In a study of 129 employees across a variety of industries, we examined how follower perceptions of their daily leader–member exchange (LMX) quality across a workweek influenced their well-being (n?=?468 observations). Results provided general support for our hypotheses. Specifically, we found that on days when employees perceived a higher quality LMX relationship with their leader, they were more likely to report a sense of belongingness, which was then positively associated with daily reports of vigor and negatively associated with emotional exhaustion. Lagged analyses showed that perceptions of LMX quality were also negatively associated with reports of emotional exhaustion the following workday suggesting that these effects may persist over time. Finally, we found that day-to-day variation in reports of LMX quality attenuated the beneficial effects of LMX on relatedness and vigor supporting our hypothesis that uncertainty related to resource availability may contribute to a threat mindset focused on resource conservation rather than engagement. Implications and future research on leadership and employee well-being are discussed.     

组织支持感与工作投入的曲线关系及其边界条件

作为一种工作资源,组织支持感是员工工作投入的重要预测变量。但是,基于社会交换理论,组织支持感也可能增加员工角色外的投入、减少对工作角色的投入。在一定条件下,组织支持感与工作投入可能存在非线性的关系。采用302名证券行业员工问卷,考察组织支持感与工作投入的曲线关系,进一步探索情感承诺对该曲线关系的调节作用。在检验共同方法偏差的基础上,采用多项式回归对研究假设进行检验。研究结果表明,在控制员工的情感承诺后,组织支持感与工作投入呈显著U形曲线关系。情感承诺显著调节组织支持感与工作投入的曲线关系,即情感承诺高的员工,组织支持感与工作投入呈U形曲线关系;而情感承诺低的员工,组织支持感与工作投入呈显著线性关系。总体而言,研究结果进一步支持组织支持感对工作投入潜在的负面影响,尤其是具有高情感承诺的员工其感知到的组织支持只有超过一定水平后才会对工作投入产生积极的影响。     

High-involvement work practices and employee engagement

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between high involvement work practices (HIWPs) and employee engagement. HIWPs consist of four main attributes: (a) power – employees have the power to make decisions and/or to participate in decision-making; (b) information – information is shared among employees; (c) reward – employees are rewarded for their good performance; and (d) knowledge – employees are provided with the necessary training to do their work. This paper investigates the connections between engagement and each of these practices, and proposes a conceptual model that links these relationships. It starts by providing a brief overview of HIWPs, followed by a discussion on the connections between HIWPs and engagement, and a conclusion and discussion of implications for practice and research.     

The impact of perceived organizational support on work meaningfulness,engagement, and perceived stress in France

This paper aims to show the strategic role of Perceived Organizational Support (POS) in developing positive work attitudes, thereby reducing stress in the workplace. We have conducted an empirical study to understand more about if and how work meaningfulness influence perceived stress and whether work engagement has a mediating effect between these two constructs. Based on the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model and Social Exchange Theory (SET), we hypothesize that POS has both direct and indirect relationships with these variables: meaningfulness, work engagement, and perceived stress. We tested these hypotheses through path analyses on a sample of 1111 employees in France. The results support our hypotheses on a) the negative association between meaningfulness and perceived stress, b) the mediating role of engagement, and c) the direct and indirect effects of POS. The strongest moderating effect of POS is observed on the relationship between meaningfulness and engagement. Our findings have theoretical implications by showing, for example, that POS enhances positive outcomes more than it diminishes negative ones. The results also have practical implications for managers and organizations as they reinforce the interplay of intrinsic motivators (meaningfulness) as an individual process as well as extrinsic motivators (POS) in the realm of an organization's responsibility and interest in strengthening employee engagement and reducing stress at work.     

Skill utilization and well-being: a cross-level story of day-to-day fluctuations and personal intrinsic values

The opportunity to use one's skills at work is an important prerequisite for employee well-being. Drawing on self-determination and person-environment fit theory, this diary study aims to add to our understanding of this important phenomenon in two ways. Firstly, we examine the associations of within-subject daily variations in skill utilization with well-being. Secondly, we model work value orientation as a between-subject factor that moderates this within-subject relationship. Specifically, we advocate that daily skill utilization is more beneficial (in terms of more daily work engagement and less daily emotional exhaustion) for employees holding predominantly intrinsic (i.e. self-development, community contribution) as opposed to extrinsic (i.e. financial success, status) values. Results of multilevel modelling using diary data from 99 service workers over five working days, supported the assumption that daily skill utilization was positively related to daily work engagement, particularly among employees holding a predominantly intrinsic work value orientation. Contrary to our expectations, daily skill utilization was unrelated to daily exhaustion, both for employees holding high and low intrinsic values. The discussion highlights the importance of, and employees’ receptiveness to, variations in beneficial working conditions.     

USING SHORT-TERM DEDICATION FOR SCHEDULING MULTIPLE PRODUCTS ON PARALLEL MACHINES

In a multiproduct, parallel machine environment, it may be beneficial to dedicate one or more of the machines to a single product for consecutive time periods. However, previous lot-sizing and scheduling models usually do not allow for such short-term dedication. This paper presents a mixed-integer programming model that allows for short-term dedication in scheduling parallel machines serving multiple products with dynamic demands. It also describes a Lagrangian-based algorithm for solving such scheduling problems. An experiment verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm and demonstrates the importance of allowing for short-term dedication. Capacity utilization, one of six factors investigated, greatly affects the use of dedication. A strong interaction effect between the number of machines and the number of products is also seen with respect to the usefulness of short-term dedication. A measure of estimated production frequency incorporates these two factors along with magnitudes of periodic demands. This measure has a strong relationship with the amount of short-term dedication used in solutions. Operations managers employing parallel machines could use the experimental results in deciding whether to use short-term dedication to reduce costs.     

Share,like, twitter,and connect: Ecological momentary assessment to examine the relationship between non-work social media use at work and work engagement

Non-work social media use at work has seen a dramatic increase in the last decade and is commonly deemed counterproductive work behaviour. However, we examined whether it may also serve as a micro-break and improve work engagement. We used ecological momentary assessment across 1 working day with up to 10 hourly measurements in 334 white-collar workers to measure non-work social media use and work engagement, resulting in 2235 hourly measurements. Multilevel modelling demonstrated that non-work social media use was associated with lower levels of work engagement between persons. Within persons, non-work social media use was also associated with lower concurrent work engagement. However, non-work social media use was related to higher levels of work engagement 1 hour later. While more extensive non-work social media use at work was generally associated with lower work engagement, our advanced study design revealed that the longer employees used social media for non-work purposes during 1 working hour, the more work engaged they were in the subsequent working hour, suggesting that employees turn to social media when energy levels are low and/or when they (temporarily) lose interest in their work. This behaviour may serve as a break, which in turn increases work engagement later during the day.     

不充分就业感知对员工兼职创业投入的影响机制研究

基于情感-认知评价的理论视角,在控制了工作满意度路径之后,通过对311名兼职创业者的实证数据进行分析,探究了员工不充分就业感知的两个维度——资质过剩感和成长缺乏感对员工兼职创业投入的作用机理。研究结果表明:资质过剩感、成长缺乏感以及两者的交互作用会强化员工与本职工作的疏离感;工作疏离感正向影响员工兼职创业投入;工作疏离感在资质过剩感、成长缺乏感及其交互作用对兼职创业投入的影响中发挥了中介作用。