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1.
Yuk King Lau 《Social indicators research》2010,95(3):363-376
Work and family conflicts are always viewed as issues of human resource management or occupational health. Insufficient attention
has been focused on the impact on child development and quality of parenting, especially regarding the impact of a father’s
work. To examine the impact of work and family conflicts on the quality of father–child interactions in Hong Kong, a cross-sectional
survey was conducted. In total, 556 pairs of working fathers and their school-aged children participated in the survey. The
findings of the survey indicated that fathers’ work-to-family conflicts negatively affected the quality of father–child interactions,
which in turn caused harm to children’s self-esteem. In addition to work-family conflicts, a low income level of the fathers,
a larger number of children in the family, and the presence in the family of children approaching adolescence were significant
risk factors to the quality of father–child interactions. The mothers’ active parental involvement and the complexity of the
fathers’ occupation were significant protective factors of the quality of father–child interactions. To facilitate strong
family bonding and good quality parenting, possible measures to ensure a healthy work-family balance among working fathers
are discussed. 相似文献
2.
This study examines the link between divorced nonresident fathers’ proximity and children’s long-run outcomes, using high-quality
data from Norwegian population registers. We follow (from birth to young adulthood) each of 15,992 children born into married
households in Norway in the years 1975–1979 whose parents divorced during his or her childhood. We observe the proximity of
the child to his or her father in each year following the divorce and link proximity to educational and economic outcomes
for the child in young adulthood, controlling for a wide range of observable characteristics of the parents and the child.
Our results show that closer proximity to the father following a divorce has, on average, a modest negative association with
offspring’s outcomes in young adulthood. The negative associations are stronger among children of highly educated fathers.
Complementary Norwegian survey data show that highly educated fathers report more post-divorce conflict with their ex-wives
as well as more contact with their children (measured in terms of the number of nights that the child spends at the father’s
house). Consequently, the father’s relocation to a more distant location following the divorce may shelter the child from
disruptions in the structure of the child’s life as they split time between households and/or from post-divorce interparental
conflict. 相似文献
3.
Fatherhood has traditionally been viewed as part of a “package deal” in which a father’s relationship with his child is contingent
on his relationship with the mother. We evaluate the accuracy of this hypothesis in light of the high rates of multiple-partner
fertility among unmarried parents using the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a recent longitudinal survey ofnonmarital
births in large cities. We examine whether unmarried mothers’ and fathers’ subsequent relationship and parenting transitions
are associated with declines in fathers ’ contact with their nonresident biological children. We find that father involvement
drops sharply after relationships between unmarried parents end. Mothers’ transitions into new romantic partnerships and new
parenting roles are associated with larger declines in involvement than fathers’ transitions. Declines in fathers’ involvement
following a mother’s relationship or parenting transition are largest when children are young. We discuss the implications
of our results for the well-being ofnonmarital children and the quality of nonmarital relationships faced with high levels
of relationship instability and multiple-partner fertiliy. 相似文献
4.
The Impact of Paternity Leave on Fathers’ Future Earnings 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using Norwegian registry data, we investigate the effect of paternity leave on fathers’ long-term earnings. If the paternity leave increased long-term father involvement, then we should expect a reduction in fathers’ long-term earnings as they shift time and effort from market to home production. For identification, we use the Norwegian introduction of a paternity-leave quota in 1993, reserving four weeks of the total of 42 weeks of paid parental leave exclusively for the father. The introduction of the paternity-leave quota led to a sharp increase in rates of leave-taking for fathers. We estimate a difference-in-differences model that exploits differences in fathers’ exposure to the paternity-leave quota by the child’s age and year of observation. Our analysis suggests that four weeks of paternity leave during the child’s first year decreases fathers’ future earnings, an effect that persists through our last point of observation, when the child is 5 years old. A battery of robustness tests supports our results. 相似文献
5.
Gary Neil Marks 《Social indicators research》2008,85(2):293-309
Since the early 1970s the importance of mothers’ socioeconomic characteristics on their children’s educational and occupational
attainment has been acknowledged. However, it is not clear if fathers’ characteristics have a stronger influence because men
usually have stronger attachments to the labour market, or alternatively mothers’ characteristics are more important because
of their greater role in children’s socialization. This study addresses this question by comparing the influence of father’s
and mother’s education and occupation on student performance in literacy and numeracy using data from 30 countries. The impact
of mother’s education is usually greater or comparable to that of father’s education. In contrast, substantially stronger
effects for mother’s occupational status compared to father’s were rare. In most countries the impact of mother’s socioeconomic
characteristics (education plus occupation) on student performance is comparable to that for father’s. Of the four indicators
of socioeconomic background, father’s occupational status and mother’s educational attainment tend to have stronger effects,
although many countries do not conform to this pattern. There are indications that the relative importance of mother’s characteristics
have increased over time.
相似文献
Gary Neil MarksEmail: |
6.
High rates of incarceration among American men, coupled with high rates of fatherhood among men in prison, have motivated
recent research on the effects of parental imprisonment on children’s development. We use data from the Fragile Families and
Child Wellbeing Study to examine the relationship between paternal incarceration and developmental outcomes for approximately
3,000 urban children. We estimate cross-sectional and longitudinal regression models that control not only for fathers’ basic
demographic characteristics and a rich set of potential confounders, but also for several measures of pre-incarceration child
development and family fixed effects. We find significant increases in aggressive behaviors and some evidence of increased
attention problems among children whose fathers are incarcerated. The estimated effects of paternal incarceration are stronger
than those of other forms of father absence, suggesting that children with incarcerated fathers may require specialized support
from caretakers, teachers, and social service providers. The estimated effects are stronger for children who lived with their
fathers prior to incarceration but are also significant for children of nonresident fathers, suggesting that incarceration
places children at risk through family hardships including and beyond parent-child separation. 相似文献
7.
Kristin Mammen 《Journal of population economics》2011,24(3):839-871
This paper uses the 2003 American Time Use Survey to examine the effects of child gender on paternal time with children in
married two-parent families. The results show that fathers of boys invest more time in children than those with only daughters
and reduce their leisure time without children to do so. Boys get more of this time than girls in all-girl families and compared
to their own sisters. Girls with brothers receive more of fathers’ time than girls with only sisters, but this is primarily
in television watching, so whether this advantages them is open to question. 相似文献
8.
Mental Health of Parents and Life Satisfaction of Children: A Within-Family Analysis of Intergenerational Transmission of Well-Being 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper addresses the extent to which there is an intergenerational transmission of mental health and subjective well-being
within families. Specifically it asks whether parents’ own mental distress influences their child’s life satisfaction, and
vice versa. Whilst the evidence on daily contagion of stress and strain between members of the same family is substantial,
the evidence on the transmission between parental distress and children’s well-being over a longer period of time is sparse.
We tested this idea by examining the within-family transmission of mental distress from parent to child’s life satisfaction,
and vice versa, using rich longitudinal data on 1,175 British youths. Results show that parental distress at year t − 1 is an important determinant of child’s life satisfaction in the current year. This is true for boys and girls, although
boys do not appear to be affected by maternal distress levels. The results also indicated that the child’s own life satisfaction
is related with their father’s distress levels in the following year, regardless of the gender of the child. Finally, we examined
whether the underlying transmission correlation is due to shared social environment, empathic reactions, or transmission via
parent–child interaction. 相似文献
9.
Do smart parents raise smart children? The intergenerational transmission of cognitive abilities 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
Complementing prior research on income and educational mobility, we examine the intergenerational transmission of cognitive
abilities. We find that individuals’ cognitive skills are positively related to their parents’ abilities, despite controlling
for educational attainment and family background. Differentiating between mothers’ and fathers’ IQ transmission, we find different
effects on the cognition of sons and daughters. Cognitive skills that are based on past learning are more strongly transmitted
between generations than skills that are related to innate abilities. Our findings are not compatible with a pure genetic
model but rather point to the importance of parental investments for children’s cognitive outcomes. 相似文献
10.
Wen-Jen Tsay 《Journal of population economics》2006,19(4):749-767
The social status and well-being of political immigrants’ children are seldom touched upon in literature. This paper focuses on the impact of refugee experience on the relative educational attainment of second-generation immigrants in Taiwan. In contrast with the results in van Ours and Veenman (J Popul Econ 16(4):739–753, 2003) and Riphahn (J Popul Econ 16(4):711–737, 2003) who showed that second-generation immigrants lag behind their native counterparts, this paper’s principle finding is that the father’s immigration status can help his children achieve a higher educational qualification than native Taiwanese after controlling the relevant determinants of educational attainment, including parental background and the neighborhood where the interviewee grows up. In addition, women born in the earlier cohort benefit more by their fathers’ immigration status than their male counterparts do. However, Taiwanese schooling advances across generations are impressive, whereby the gap in schooling attainment between second-generation immigrants and native Taiwanese is found to decline over time.
相似文献
Wen-Jen TsayEmail: Fax: +886-2-27853946 |
11.
Carrie L. Shandra Dennis P. Hogan Carrie E. Spearin 《Journal of Population Research》2008,25(3):357-377
Children with disabilities often require, more extensive family involvement and greater paternal support than other children.
Yet these children are the children least likely to live with their fathers. This paper uses data from the National Longitudinal
Survey of Youth 1997 from the United States to examine the association between child disability and resident and non-resident
biological fathers’ supportiveness, relationship, and monitoring of their children. Regression analyses indicate significant
challenges for all fathers of children with disabilities. Children of resident fathers report more positive interactions than
children of non-resident fathers. However, earlier co-residence and more frequent contact significantly improve the quality,
of father-youth relationships among men who do not live with their children. 相似文献
12.
Researchers continue to question fathers’ willingness to report their biological children in surveys and the ability of surveys
to adequately represent fathers. To address these concerns, this study evaluates the quality of men’s fertility data in the
1979 and 1997 cohorts of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79 and NLSY97) and in the 2002 National Survey of
Family Growth (NSFG). Comparing fertility rates in each survey with population rates based on data from Vital Statistics and
the U.S. Census Bureau, we document how the incomplete reporting of births in different surveys varies according to men’s
characteristics, including their age, race, marital status, and birth cohort. In addition, we use Monte Carlo simulations
based on the NSFG data to demonstrate how birth underreporting biases associations between early parenthood and its antecedents.
We find that in the NSFG, roughly four out of five early births were reported; but in the NLSY79 and NLSY97, almost nine-tenths
of early births were reported. In all three surveys, incomplete reporting was especially pronounced for nonmarital births.
Our results suggest that the quality of male fertility data is strongly linked to survey design and that it has implications
for models of early male fertility. 相似文献
13.
We document the incidence and evolution of family complexity from the perspective of children. Following a cohort of firstborn
children whose mothers were not married at the time of their birth, we consider family structure changes over the first 10 years
of the child’s life—considering both full and half-siblings who are coresidential or who live in another household. We rely
on detailed longitudinal administrative data from Wisconsin that include information on the timing of subsequent births to
the mother and father, and detailed information on earnings, child support, and welfare. We find that 60% of firstborn children
of unmarried mothers have at least one half-sibling by age 10. Our results highlight the importance of having fertility information
for both fathers and mothers: estimates of the proportion of children with half-siblings would be qualitatively lower if we
had fertility information on only one parent. Complex family structures are more likely for children of parents who are younger
or who have low earnings and for those in larger urban areas. Children who have half-siblings on their mother’s side are also
more likely to have half-siblings on their father’s side, and vice versa, contributing to very complex family structures—and
potential child support arrangements—for some children. 相似文献
14.
The study uses administrative data from Luxembourg to investigate fathers’ decisions to use parental leave. We focus on two measures of opportunity cost: the difference between the parental leave benefit and the salary of the father and the mean salary growth for a period of 6 months for each father. The first measure captures the direct opportunity cost, while the second is a proxy for foregone promotion opportunities. We use Cox proportional hazards model for the analysis. The results suggest a negative relationship between foregone income and taking parental leave. Surprisingly, salary growth appears to be positively related to the hazard of taking parental leave. Coefficients of control variables are in line with previous findings: fathers are more likely to use parental leave if they work in larger organization and for the first child. 相似文献
15.
Unwed fathers’ ability to pay child support: New estimates accounting for multiple-partner fertility
We present new estimates of unwed fathers’ ability to pay child support. Prior research relied on surveys that drastically
undercounted nonresident unwed fathers and provided no link to their children who lived in separate households. To overcome
these limitations, previous research assumed assortative mating and that each mother partnered with one father who was actually
eligible to pay support and had no other child support obligations. Because the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study
contains data on couples, multiple-partner fertility, and a rich array of other previously unmeasured characteristics of fathers,
it is uniquely suited to address the limitations of previous research. We also use an improved method of dealing with missing
data. Our findings suggest that previous research overestimated the aggregate ability of unwed nonresident fathers to pay
child support by 33% to 60%. 相似文献
16.
Family Life Quality and Emotional Quality of Life in Chinese Adolescents with and Without Economic Disadvantage 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Chinese secondary school students (N = 2758) responded to measures of perceived family life quality (parenting quality and parent–child relational quality) and
emotional quality of life (hopelessness, mastery, life satisfaction and self-esteem). Parenting quality included different
aspects of parental behavioral control (parental knowledge, expectation, monitoring, discipline and demandingness as well
as parental control defined in terms of indigenous Chinese concepts), parental psychological control, and parental responsiveness
whereas parent–child relational quality included satisfaction with parental control, child’s readiness to communicate with
the parents, parental trust of the child, and child’s trust of the parent. Results showed that parenting quality and parent–child
relational quality in poor families were generally poorer than those of non-poor families and the differences were more pronounced
in paternal parenting quality and father–child relational quality than in maternal parenting quality and mother–child relational
quality. Emotional quality of life of adolescents experiencing economic disadvantage was also found to be poorer than that
of adolescents not experiencing economic disadvantage. The present findings replicate the previous research findings in the
literature and generate a pioneering dataset based on Chinese adolescents at Secondary 2 level in Hong Kong. 相似文献
17.
Using high-quality data from Norwegian population registers, we examine the relationship between family disruption and children’s
educational outcomes. We distinguish between disruptions caused by parental divorce and paternal death and, using a simultaneous
equation model, pay particular attention to selection bias in the effect of divorce. We also allow for the possibility that
disruption may have different effects at different stages of a child’s educational career. Our results suggest that selection
on time-invariant maternal characteristics is important and works to overstate the effects of divorce on a child’s chances
of continuing in education. Nevertheless, the experience of marital breakdown during childhood is associated with lower levels
of education, and the effect weakens with the child’s age at disruption. The effects of divorce are most pronounced for the
transitions during or just beyond the high school level. In models that do not allow for selection, children who experienced
a father’s death appear less disadvantaged than children whose parents divorced. After we control for selection, however,
differences in the educational qualifications of children from divorced and bereaved families narrow substantially and, at
mean ages of divorce, are almost non-existent. 相似文献
18.
High U.S. incarceration rates have motivated recent research on the negative effects of imprisonment on later employment,
earnings, and family relationships. Because most men in jail and prison are fathers, a large number of children may be placed
at considerable risk by policies of incarceration. This article examines one dimension of the economic risk faced by children
of incarcerated fathers: the reduction in the financial support that they receive. We use a population-based sample of urban
children to examine the effects of incarceration on this support. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal regressions indicate
that formerly incarcerated men are less likely to contribute to their families, and those who do contribute provide significantly
less. The negative effects of incarceration on fathers’ financial support are due not only to the low earnings of formerly
incarcerated men but also to their increased likelihood to live apart from their children. Men contribute far less through
child support (formal or informal) than they do when they share their earnings within their household, suggesting that the
destabilizing effects of incarceration on family relationships place children at significant economic disadvantage. 相似文献
19.
Gary Neil Marks 《Social indicators research》2011,104(2):225-251
Parental occupation and education are used extensively in the analysis of socioeconomic inequalities in education and subsequent
social and economic outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to examine if different ways of measuring socioeconomic background
substantially alter substantive conclusions on cross-national differences in socioeconomic inequalities in student achievement.
The effects of father’s occupational group are largely consistent across countries, with students from teaching backgrounds
scoring very highly in many countries. Student performance by mother’s educational group is quite similar across countries
although the relative performance of students whose mothers completed vocational education differs between countries. Notwithstanding
these differences, continuous measures of father’s and mother’s occupation and education, and composite measures comprising
combinations of these four indicators and additional indicators produce similar, but not identical, orderings of countries
in terms of socioeconomic inequalities in student performance. However common single indicator measures, mother’s education
and father’s occupation do not show a particularly high correspondence, cross-nationally. On theoretical and empirical grounds,
the preferred measure is a composite of both parents’ occupation and education. 相似文献
20.
Christiaan W. S. Monden 《Social indicators research》2010,98(2):321-336
The association between educational attainment and self-assessed health is well established but the mechanisms that explain
this association are not fully understood yet. It is likely that part of the association is spurious because (genetic and
non-genetic) characteristics of a person’s family of origin simultaneously affect one’s educational attainment and one’s adult
health. In order to obtain an unbiased estimate of the association between education and health, we have to control for all
relevant family factors. In practice, however, it is impossible to measure all relevant family factors. Sibling models are
particularly appropriate in this case, because they control for the total impact of family factors, even if not all relevant
aspects can be measured. I use data on siblings from a US study (MIDUS) and Dutch study (NKPS) to assess the total family
impact on self-assessed health and, more importantly, to assess whether there is a family bias in the association between
educational attainment and self-assessed health. The results suggest that there is a substantial family effect; about 20%
of the variation in self-assessed health between siblings can be ascribed to (measured and unmeasured) family factors. Measured
family factors, such as parental education and father’s occupation, could account only for a small part of the family effect.
Furthermore, the results imply that it is unlikely that there is substantial bias due to family effects in the association
between education and self-assessed health. This strengthens the conclusions from prior studies on the association between
education and self-assessed health. 相似文献