大学生学习动因的调查及其学习动力激发途径的探索

通过跟踪调查,认为大学生学习动力不足与学校的教学水平、管理水平和学生的认知水平有关,结合影响大学生学习动力的主要因素,探讨了激发大学生学习动力的若干途径.     

传承与发展:老字号企业创新研究

创新是企业的生命线,只有不断创新企业才能保持旺盛的生命力.作为我国商业文明发展的重要代表,老字号企业却面临着严峻的创新挑战.本文基于老字号创新相关文献资料,对老字号品牌创新、技术创新、营销创新以及管理创新的现状、影响因素和创新经验进行系统的总结和梳理.总体而言,老字号企业普遍缺乏创新,其原因涉及企业自身和外部环境等多种因素,但也有少数老字号企业积极实施创新探索,开拓了发展新局面,为老字号企业创新提供了有益的经验参考.     

多维视角下的民族经济融合:内在机理和实现途径

依据比较优势参与族际分工以获取比较利益是民族间经济融合发展的内在动力.但民族间的经济融合进程会受到各民族之间竞争力的差异、文化的异同以及政府相关政策等多种因素的影响而存在不确定性.在此情况下,利用社会资本发展民族圈经济、通过政策援助帮助少数民族融入现代经济以及推动民族传统文化的适应性变革,是实现多民族经济融合发展的可行途径.     

十三世纪蒙古人强盛的动力机制

从历史哲学、法的精神和人类动机理论出发,可以看出蒙古人的个体动力机制及其打猎、游牧和战争这种生存方式的必然选择,而这种生存方式培育出了全民族的英雄精神.蒙古汗国建立之后,成吉思汗创造性地制定大法典,对蒙古社会的结构优化和调动全民族的开拓创新精神,注入了新的活力和动力机制.在诸多原因中,这些优化的动力机制是13世纪蒙古人强盛的最根本原因.后由于忽必烈不合法即位,践踏了成吉思汗大法典,导致蒙古汗国在政治上的分裂和元朝必然走向衰败.     

坚持共享发展在文化建设中的重要意义及实现途径

随着现在的信息化、数字化和全球化的迅速发展,在现在文化建设方面的发展过程中,一定要结合现在的社会大众的要求,将现在的文化建设技术、信息建设技术、网络建设技术等技术和手段应用到现在的共享发展中,共享发展,是现在文化建设的一个全新发展的途径,是促进文化建设的一个重要的方法。经过多年的研究和发展,坚持共享发展是现在文化建设发展的重要创新方式。坚持共享发展是现在的社会进步的重要途径。     

坚持共享发展在文化建设中的重要意义及实现途径

随着现在的信息化、数字化和全球化的迅速发展,在现在文化建设方面的发展过程中,一定要结合现在的社会大众的要求,将现在的文化建设技术、信息建设技术、网络建设技术等技术和手段应用到现在的共享发展中,共享发展,是现在文化建设的一个全新发展的途径,是促进文化建设的一个重要的方法.经过多年的研究和发展,坚持共享发展是现在文化建设发展的重要创新方式.坚持共享发展是现在的社会进步的重要途径.     

依法治理民族关系及其动力机制构建

依法治理民族关系是依法治国的重要内容,也是处理我国现阶段民族关系的必然要求和制度保障。当前,我国社会主义民族法制建设取得了巨大成效,但由于缺乏有效的法治动力机制作为支撑,民族关系治理的法治化还任重道远。因此,进一步完善和构建依法治理民族关系的动力机制,对巩固和发展我国社会主义民族关系,具有十分重要的意义。     

阐析企业创新与文化的融合

企业发展需要创新,创新提升企业竞争力。文化是企业的内涵和品牌。企业文化决定企业命运,企业创新与文化的融合给企业带来生机和活力。     

民族地区农业产业集群发展动力机制研究

产业集群的动力机制是产业集群发展的核心问题。文章基于生物学的视角,把民族地区农业产业集群形成与发展分为孕育、形成、成长和成熟四个阶段,试图分析民族地区农业产业集群发展的动力机制及其作用、规律,为培育民族地区农业产业集群,促进经济发展提供理论依据。     

跨国民族研究范式转换的动力机制

在国际政治、经济发展新格局中,跨国民族及跨国民族问题从边缘向前沿的转变,推动研究范式的转换与创新.现代民族国家的形成发展、跨国民族形成的复杂性、国家利益的驱动、跨国民族问题的尖锐化以及既有研究范式与现实需要之间的差距,从内、外两个方面,共同构成了促使跨国民族研究范式转换的动力机制.     

西部地区政府创新投入保障机制建设问题研究

"十一五"规划明确提出要全面提升自主创新能力,而创新投入是一个直接影响创新能力提升的至关重要的问题。目前我国两部地区创新投入中存在着三大问题:一是创新投入运行机制上的高度计划性;二是运行结构上存在着不合理性;三是创新投入渠道的单一性。因此,建立科学规范的创新投入机制和相应的监督机制,进而建立起适合西部地区的创新投入的长效机制就显得尤为重要了。     

伊斯兰金融:面向穆斯林的金融创新

西部民族地区经济落后的原因很多,人们更多地关注历史、教育、环境等因素,而对金融发展滞后、资金供求矛盾紧张带来的经济发展缓慢关注较少。经过对比发现,穆斯林地区的民间信贷与伊斯兰金融,在形式上有高度的相似性,根源在于其共同的宗教文化基础。作为金融创新工具,发展伊斯兰金融不仅可以吸引外资、促进区域经济发展,同时能更好地为穆斯林提供金融服务,从而凝聚3000万穆斯林同胞的向心力。     

大湄公河次区域合作:发展历程、经验及启示

自1992年提出大湄公河次区域合作至今已有20年的历史,大湄公河次区域合作形成了许多独具特色的特点:多层次的组织体系和运行机制、多元化的参与主体、多样化的合作机制、循序化的合作进程、多管齐下的合作手段等,成为东南亚乃至世界次区域合作的成功典范。大湄公河次区域合作成功的经验启示我们,在今后大湄公河次区域合作进一步深化过程中应树立区域公共管理的理念、建立多层次、网络状的区域协调体系、建立多样化的合作机制与手段并注重合作进程的循序渐进。     

西北民族省区城镇化战略模式选择与制度创新

本文在分析西北民族省区城镇化现状和归纳相关理论研究进展的基础上 ,从加快市场化进程的视角 ,讨论了市场主导型多元城镇化战略 ,并从具体区情出发 ,进一步阐述了市场主导型多元城镇化路径依赖。文中强调城镇化进程中政府规制与市场机制的正确定位 ,对创新户籍制度、城乡土地流转制度、社会保障制度、人口政策和设市体制的法律安排进行了探讨。     

创新理念 推进自治制度运行和自治地方治理现代化

Deepening reform, promoting the rule of law, and implementing the “Five Develop￣ment ” concepts have had a deep influence on the modernization of governance in ethnic autonomous regions. Based on a review of 30 years of success￣ful experiences in implementing ethnic regional au￣tonomous law, and focusing on the concepts of“innovation, coordination, green development, openness and sharing”, we need to conduct in -depth research on the ways to:promote governance by law, realize the modernization of governance;and promote the efficient implementation of ethnic autonomous systems in the ethnic autonomous re￣gion.
The 155 ethnic autonomous areas of China cover 64% of the total area of the country. There￣fore, the governance of the country cannot be a￣chieved without modernizing the governance in the ethnic autonomous regions. Modernizing the gov￣ernance in ethnic autonomous regions is a necessa￣ry element for modernizing the governance of the nation. The modernization of the ethnic autono￣mous regions actually means the legalization of the governance in ethnic autonomous areas, which is a main part of the legalization of the ethnic affairs.
The comprehensive, deepening of reform, and promoting governance by law have been strongly promoted. We should start from reality, respect differences, and take the development concepts of“innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing” into consideration so as to promote the ef￣ficient implementation of ethnic regional autono￣mous systems through various methods. We should update our concepts, weaken specificity, solidify locality, intensify new thinking, innovate the run￣ning of ethnic autonomous systems, and promote the modernization of governance in ethnic autono￣mous regions. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the theories and practices used since the imple￣mentation of ethnic regional autonomous regula￣tions, and under the premise of intensifying “the legalization of ethnic affairs”, we should deepen the comprehensive reform of the ethnic autonomous regions, comprehensively promote the governance by law, and realize the goal of building a moder￣ately prosperous society as scheduled through im￣proving and innovating the running of ethnic re￣gional autonomous systems.
“Ethnic areas are districts with rich resources and water sources; they are ecological screen zones, cultural characteristic zones, border areas, and poor areas.” At the same time, due to histori￣cal, social and natural factors,“the natural condi￣tions of most ethnic areas are not good; their be￣ginning phase of development is low; they have many historical debts; they are located far away from the central markets and urban areas;their ur￣ban-rural gap is very obvious”, and “their gap with the eastern areas ( of China) is growing larger and larger”. The reform and the promotion of gov￣ernance by law in ethnic autonomous areas should put more emphasis on locality, ethnicity and “au￣tonomy”. Of course, we must avoid of “artificial￣ly” intensifying ethnic consciousness, and creating ethnic “differences”. Meanwhile, we should “im￣prove the capability for legal management of ethnic affairs”, “intensify the construction of laws and regulations related to ethnic work”, “legally han￣dle those issues involving ethnic factors”, “insist on resolving issues involving ethnic factors by the law, and avoid of regarding civil and criminal problems related to ethnic people as ethnic prob￣lems, or regarding common disputes in ethnic are￣as as ethnic problems. ”
We should affirm that China’s ethnic relations are harmonious, and that their economics are de￣veloping rapidly. Since the implementation of the policy of “reform and opening -up”, especially since 2005 , the economics in ethnic autonomous regions have developed dramatically; the people’s living conditions have continuously improved;bas￣ic infrastructure has significantly speeded up; and ecological protection has solidly improved. Howev￣er, the problems still prevail. For example, the poverty in ethnic areas is still serious—there are more than 25 million poor in ethnic rural areas. Therefore, the task of poverty alleviation is still very tough. In addition, the gap between urban and rural areas and between different regions is very large in ethnic autonomous regions. Finally, the rate of urbanization is very low.
In sum, during the process of modernizing so￣cial governance in ethnic autonomous regions, we must pay full attention to the five“stage character￣istics” of ethnic work in China which are the:( i) co - existence of opportunities and challenges brought by the “reform and opening -up” policy and the socialist market economy;( ii) co-exist￣ence of the state’s constant support to the ethnic ar￣eas and its low level of development; ( iii ) co -existence of the state’s constant support to the eth￣nic areas and the weak level of basic public service capability in ethnic areas; ( iv ) co -existence of the constant exchange and fusion between various ethnic groups and the disputes involving ethnic fac￣tors;and ( v) co-existence of the great achieve￣ments in anti-national splittism, religious extrem￣ity, and violent terrorism, as well as the active ter￣rorism activities in some areas. Only when we rec￣ognize this situation, can we understand the speci￣ficity of doing ethnic work in China. The innova￣tion of governance of ethnic autonomous areas and the promotion of governance by law in the whole country must start from this actual situation.
At present, we still need to clarify the conno￣tations of autonomous rights. Based on a clear clar￣ification of the basic meaning of ethnic regional au￣tonomous rights, we should deepen reform, active￣ly transform the governance of the ethnic autono￣mous regions, further deepen relevant theoretical studies, and positively promote the ethnic regional autonomous system. The main purpose of the eth￣nic regional autonomous areas is to promote the de￣velopment of the various affairs of ethnic minorities and ethnic regional autonomous areas. The purpose for improving the ethnic regional autonomous sys￣tem is to ensure the development of ethnic minori￣ties and ethnic regional autonomous regions. Im￣proving the ethnic regional autonomous system should transform from one of preferential treatment to one of nuanced development.
Looking back to the past, the legal construc￣tion of ethnic regional autonomy has made great a￣chievements. However, the preferential policies of the state and relevant institutes are still the real factors promoting the development of the various af￣fairs of the ethnic minorities and ethnic autonomous areas. As described in this article, there are multi￣ple factors which influence the efficiency and per￣formance of the ethnic regional autonomy. The eth￣nic autonomous regions are restricted by natural conditions and economic development, therefore, they have to depend on assistance from the state and the relevant institutes—this is the objective re￣ality. However, the improvement of the ethnic re￣gional autonomous system must change the status of the past, and enable the ethnic regional autono￣mous system play out its actual role so that the va￣rious affairs of ethnic minorities and ethnic autono￣mous regions can step onto a road of nuanced de￣velopment.
The future development of the ethnic regional autonomous system depends on the consensus of theoretical and practical circles, i. e. a long-term mechanism whose purpose is to enable the system itself play its actual role should be established. Only by such a mechanism, can these puzzling problems be solved and gradually improved. Tak￣ing the breakthrough of the actual effect of the sys￣tem as the starting point of the ethnic regional autonomy’s deepening of the reform, one should take the following aspects into consideration:1 ) re-examine existing laws and regulations, and im￣prove them on the basis of institutional norms, en￣hance normalization, uniformity and manipulability of the ethnic regional autonomous regulations; 2 ) sort out the relationship between the institutions in ethnic autonomous areas and the upper levels of the state institutes, as well as the relationship be￣tween the institutions on the same level;on the va￣rious institutional levels, enhance clear cognition on the position, role and organizing principles of the ethnic regional autonomous system, and avoid taking the ethnic regional autonomous system as the affairs of the ethnic autonomous areas;3 ) im￣prove the supervisory mechanisms for running the ethnic regional autonomous system; and 4 ) im￣prove the mechanisms for handling disputes on the running of the ethnic regional autonomous system.
We must work closely, share the achieve￣ments, and promote the operation of the ethnic re￣gional autonomous system. For this purpose, we should:1 ) standardize the management of the eth￣nic regional autonomous system, and weaken the“specificity”;2 ) promote the governance capabili￣ty of the ethnic regional autonomous areas, and so￣lidify the concept of“locality”;3 ) enhance auton￣omous awareness and capability, intensify “new thinking”, motivate initiatives from the autonomous areas, and improve the autonomous system from the bottom-up, and rationally allocate the power and rights of the high-level organs and the auton￣omous organs in the ethnic autonomous areas.     

身为言意舞乐合节——少数民族审美视域下舞与乐的三重性

舞蹈与音乐作为两种艺术形态，以不同的介入方式深嵌在人类文化历史进程中，相互关联，交错共生。尽管作为两种不同的言说方式，它们分别占有相应的媒介，但是都共享同一本体——“人”。舞蹈与音乐是“人”这一有机体向外凸显主体性的两种面向。因而，舞蹈是可视化的音乐，而音乐是舞蹈的形体提纯。舞与乐之间的这种关系织体便塑造了其本身的“三重性”，即互文性、纳构性和表征性。民族舞蹈与音乐在艺术史的叙事传统中一直紧密协调，互相成就。民族舞蹈与音乐以各自的特质分别在舞台的话语体系中占有各自的言说方式，并不断夯实自身的审美体验。应该说，两者即可合体。     

主体对文化和结构的反动:社会性别能动、身心互动和意义调动--人类学本体研究之二

本文从女性主体的社会历史建构与后现代性研究、身心体验的信仰研究,以及历史文本、历史记忆与意义主体的探讨,论述了人类学的人本研究及其主体现照。