乡镇企业进一步发展的对策研究（上）

乡镇企业研究乡镇企业为推进我国工业化进程,繁荣农村经济,做出了历史性贡献。在全面建设小康社会的进程中,乡镇企业仍然肩负着重要的历史使命。为促进乡镇企业进一步发展,无论企业微观主[(\314\345)(\243\254)]还是国家宏观经济管理部门,都必须根据市场的变化和国家发展战略的变[(\273\257)(\243\254)]与时俱进,不断深化改革。课题组从国家宏观经济管理角度就乡镇企业进一步发展的体制性障碍进行了调查研[(\276\277)(\243\254)]在此基础上提出乡镇企业进一步发展的对策,以期为政府部门决策提供参考和借鉴。乡镇企业法律地位与政府政策的协…     

对乡镇企业参与农业产业化经营和充当龙头企业的战略思考

参与农业产业化过程是实现乡镇企业“二次创业”的重要途径乡镇企业与“三农”有着密不可分的血肉联系,是农业产业的延伸。农业为大多数乡镇企业的发展提供了成长空间和新的增长点。乡镇企业要第二次创业,必须以农村、农业为立足点,以当地资源为依托,以市场为导向,发展特色经[(\323\252)(\243\254)]促进农业产业化。围绕农业产业化经营,实现乡镇企业二次创[(\322\265)(\243\254)]是乡镇企业进一步发展的重要思路。1.乡镇企业参与农业产业化过程具有重大的战略意义。农业产业化是中国农业现代化的必经之[(\302\267)(\243\254)]农业经济如果不…     

从文化视角审视家族企业组织结构

家族企业在人们的印象中是一种落后的企业制度,表现为进入资本市场的机会有限、组织混乱无序、裙带关系、家族理性主导商业逻辑、难于吸引职业管理人员、家庭纠纷渗入商业经营中、家长式和专制管理、继承问题等。家族企业的裙带关系使得其管理模式受到批[(\306\300)(\243\254)]被认为是不具有“长期生命力[(\241\261)52.6(\265\304)]组织。可是事实却是中国的家族企业如雨后春笋般地发展起来,成为中国经济发展的重要力量。在中国特定的社会文化背景下,由于中国的文化传统中独特的社会心理结构和对家庭血缘的特别认[(\277\311)(\243\254)]在…     

促进民营中小企业发展的市场准入政策研究

影响民营中小企业发展的市场准入障碍(一)观念歧视由于受计划经济观念的影响,我国的政策执行观念上难免存在着“重国营轻民营[(\241\261)(\241\242)(\241\260)]重大轻小[(\241\261)52.6(\241\242)(\241\260)]重外商投资轻民间投资”的认知偏差,造成了对民营中小企业的实质性歧视。(二)成分歧视目前与公有制经济、外资形式的经济成分相比,民营经济在实际经济生活中仍然处于“次国民待遇”。从政策待遇上看,过去我们按经济成分制定不同的政策,结果形成公有制企业、外资企业、民营企业在市场经济活动中的不公平。其中以民营企业的政策待遇最低,…     

"拿来"抑或"个性化定制"--绩优公司人力资源管理经验及其借鉴

一、绩优公司人力资源管理经验对绩优公司,不同专家使用的概念有所不同,如高绩效[(\271\253\313\276)0(\243\250)]High-Performance Companies)、卓越公司(Excellent Companies)、[(\275\334\263\366\271\253\313\276)0(\243\250)]ExceptionalCompanies)、最受赞赏的公司(Most AdmiredCompanies[(\243\251)0(\265\310\243\254)]我们倾向于使用绩优公司概念。主要指公司资本回报、[(\312\320\263\241\267\335\266\356\241\242)158.9(\271\334\300\355\313\256\306\275\241\242)]公司品牌及公司信用等俱佳的公司。当前国外专家十分关注绩…     

生产差异产品——永葆企业竞争力

多年来,低价策略己成为国内企业信奉的制胜法宝,无论从国内市场还是在国际市场都可以看到这种没有硝烟的价格战。其实这种低价策略所带来的负面效应已远远超过它所能带来的经济利益。在新的经济形势下[]WTO的背景[(\317\302)52.6(\243\254)]中国企业要做强做大,必须摆脱由价格驱动的商品竞争,以生产差异产品作为发展的途径,这是现实的、必然的选择。对非理性的价格战的反思价格竞争是市场竞争的重要方式。价格竞争的优胜劣汰,有利于做强做大一批大企业集团,提升民族工业在世界经济中的竞争力,消费者也可从中获得实惠。直至今日,价格竞争仍…     

混业经营：我国金融业发展的必然选择

加入WTO的程度不断加强,所面临的国外金融业的竞争更加激烈。因此,我国金融业必须紧跟国际金融业的发展步伐,将国际金融业发展的主流——混业经营作为未来的发展方向,这样才能应对世界经济一体化、金融全球化的发展要求,适应国际金融市场竞争的需要,从而实现自身发展。混业经营是国际金融业发展的主流混业经营,是指所有金融行业之间即银行、保险、证券、信托等金融机构都可以进入上述任一业务领域甚至非金融领域进行多元化经营。综观当今世界[(\270\367\271\372)0(\243\254)]混业经营已成为普遍趋势。(一)金融全球化发展是金融业混业经营…     

论公司法的修改与完善——加强对小股东的诉讼保护

在我国,随着股份有限公司和有限责任公司的增多,小股东的合法权益经常受到侵害而得不到应有的保护。鉴于小股东的利益在实践中容易受到大股东或董事的侵害,西方各国都在不断加强对小股东的特殊保护,这已成为现代公司法发展的一个重要趋势。因此,借鉴国外的相关立法实践,寻找适合我国公司制度的小股东保护措施,对于完善我国公司法律制度具有现实而迫切的意义。我国《公司法》关于小股东诉讼保护的立法缺陷我国公司法对中、小股东权益受到大股东侵犯的情形几乎未作任何救济性规定,对于公司内部控制人侵害公司权益的行[(\316\252)52.6(\243\254…     

强者恒强——看市场领袖企业如何强化其领导地位

在现代市场中,大部分行业都有一家或少数几家公司成为公认的市场领袖企业,他们在相关产品的市场上占有最大的市场占有率,通常在价格变动、新产品开发、分销覆盖和促销强度上对其他公司起着领导作用,同时,他们也成为竞争者的众矢之的,竞争者或者向其挑战,或者模仿,或者避免与其竞争。虽然这些企业在市场处于前列,但由于受整体经济的景气程度、国家经济发展的顺利程度、行业内竞争程度以及消费者行为的变化等因素的影响,它们在市场上的地位随时都可能受到来自各方面的威胁,有外在的竞争残酷性的威胁,也有来自企业内部管理、经营观念以及战略策略等失当的威胁。这就需要这些市场领导企业居安思危,不断保持和增强企业的竞争力,为维持其领先地位做出长期不懈的努力。因此,如何守住自己的市     

完善中小企业社会化服务体系的探讨

中小企业是发展中国家的重要经济基础。与发达国家相比,发展中国家经济基础相对薄弱,企业组织形式也相对滞后。经验表明,富有成效地参与国际竞争的往往是那些中小规模的企业,这些企业机制灵活,能够顺应国际市场要求,及时调整经营体系;同时在由跨国公司主导的国际市场上,由于其重要的补充作用而得到了相对稳固的市场份额。需要注意的是,我国国内所界定的大中型企业,用国际市场的标准来衡量,其资本规模乃至竞争能力大多处于中小企业地位。在进—步开放的条件下,我国必须用国际标准来重新界定国内企业规模。与此同时,政策制定的基础也应该作适…     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

The frequency of sexual abuse and depression in a sample of street children of one of deprived districts of Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual abuse and depression among street children who live in a deprived district of Tehran. The researchers used the K-SADS questionnaire and a clinical interview were used to evaluate depression and sexual abuse in 87 street children in Tehran. Eighteen (20.9%) of the children had been sexually abused. Depressed children were 3.2 times more likely to be sexually abused than non-depressed children. Furthermore, 26 girls (86.7%) and 27 boys (48.2%) suffered from depression. The frequency of depression demonstrated a significant association with the father's or breadwinner's history of imprisonment or unemployment. Interventional programs providing education and support should be implemented for street children.     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹,城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市,2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望,然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意,没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义,每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题,把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

Evaluation of the location of cities in terms of land cover on the example of Poland

Urban Ecosystems - The increasing availability of remote sensing materials of varying spatial resolution inclines to look for methods enabling their use, both at planning the spatial structure of...     

Content-masking methods as determinants of results of studies of nonverbal communication

The present study was designed to determine whether the technique used to control the semantic content of emotional communications might influence the results of research on the effects of gender, age, and particular affects on accuracy of decoding tone of voice. Male and female college and elementary school students decoded a 48-item audio tape-recording of emotional expressions encoded by two children and two college students. Six emotions — anger, fear, happiness, jealousy, pride and sadness — were expressed in two types of content-standard messages, namely letters of the alphabet and an affectively neutral sentence. The results of the study indicate that different methods for controlling content can indeed influence the results of studies of determinants of decoding performance. Overall, subjects demonstrated greater accuracy when decoding emotions expressed in the standard sentence than when decoding emotions embedded in letters of the alphabet. A technique by emotion interaction, however, revealed that this was especially true for the purer emotions of anger, fear, happiness and sadness. Subjects identified the less pure emotions of jealousy and pride relatively more accurately when these emotions were embedded in the alphabet technique. The implications of these results for research concerning the vocal communication of affect are briefly discussed.Preparation of this article was supported in part by the National Science Foundation.     

Predictors of Substance Use and Mental Health of Children of Divorce

Abstract

This short-term longitudinal study examined psycho-social influences on substance use and mental health among children of divorced parents. The sample consisted of ethnically diverse fifth and sixth grade students, and compared children of divorced parents (CODPs; N = 176), who were an average of four years post-divorce, with children of married parents (COMPs; N = 213) who had never divorced. CODPs reported more life stress, less problem-focused coping, and more substance-using friends and family members than COMPs. Further, these variables were significantly related to CODPs' greater reported substance use, aggressive behavior, and depression than COMPs cross-sectionally, and longitudinally, four months later. The results suggest the importance of including both substance use and mental health outcomes in preventive interventions for CODPs.     

摩洛哥官方语言政策变迁背景分析

2011年7月2日,摩洛哥通过新宪法修改草案,确定柏柏尔语同阿拉伯语并列为摩洛哥的官方语言。自1956年独立后,摩洛哥官方语言政策经历了阿拉伯语独尊的"一元化"以及阿拉伯语和柏柏尔语并重的"二元化"两大阶段的发展和变迁。本文结合摩洛哥柏柏尔文化运动的发展状况,对摩洛哥政府放弃单一化、采取多元化官方语言政策的政治和文化背景进行分析,揭示官方语言政策与语言权利、话语权和国民身份认同等要素之间的互动关系,并从国内、地区和国际局势等层面分析摩洛哥官方语言政策变迁的影响。