浅谈市政给水工程的槽沟回填施工技术

市政工程施工的过程中,给水施工是一个非常重要的环节,它是确保城市各项基础设施都能处在正常运行状态的重要基础,同时它也是影响人们生活质量和生活水平的一个非常重要的因素,而市政给水施工的过程中很多新的技术也不断的出现,沟槽回填施工技术就是一个新的技术,本文主要分析了市政给水工程的槽沟回填的施工技术,以供参考和借鉴。     

浅谈居住区给排水管道设计

居住区给排水管道设计与建筑内给排水、城市市政给排水均不同，从设计上分析具有单栋建筑到城镇过渡阶段的特征，是城市给排水和建筑给排水联系的桥梁，有其独特之处，故称为城市与建筑的交界处。本次着重介绍了一般小区室外给排水设计中的流量计算、室外给排水管材选用以及综合管线设计等内容。     

利用营业抄表用水量计算给水管网节点流量的方法

介绍一套利用自来水公司营业水费帐单系统来计算给水管网节点流量的方法,并完成了程序设计过程。     

超滤技术用于小区直饮水处理的前景

介绍超滤技术的主要特点及现阶段成熟的超滤产品。并对以超滤设备将市政给水深度处理成优质直饮水的工艺进行了探讨。     

超高层消防给水系统的类型及其选择

超高层建筑消防立足于自救,其消防给水方式的选择是消防设计中决定成败的重要因素。该文对超高层消火栓给水系统的分区给水方式进行了分类,并对各分类的特点进行了归纳总结,还对超高层中的超压问题进行了一些探讨。     

农村给水管网改造设计

对农村给水管网改造设计中的管线定位、水力计算、管道阀门选型等方面进行探讨,总结设计中的体会,提出具体的实施办法。     

大型城市综合体给排水及消防设计探讨

<正>江苏省建筑设计研究院有限公司的吴燕在《给水排水》2012年增刊上发表了题为《大型城市综合体给排水及消防设计探讨》的文章,根据大型城市综合体的特点,阐述了在生活给水系统的设计过程中首先要区分不同性质的用水区域,由于计费的需要,不同功能的用水区域,其给水系统要相对独立设置。划分给水系统前应与当地供水部门沟通好,了解当地供水部门的收费范围、收费标准及地方政策,根据不同的收费标准和计量设置不同的给     

绿化设计在室内空间的应用

伴随着我国经济水平的不断提升,人们对生活环境的要求也不断提高,室内绿化设计越来越受到追捧和喜爱。所谓室内绿化设计,主要是通过植物材料的辅助,利用相关的工艺方式让室内空间得到功能上以及观赏上的优化,协调人与环境以及建筑之间的关系。本文立足于室内绿化设计的现状,以室内绿化设计的作用为探究起点,叙述了室内绿化设计的原则,并结合室内绿化设计的布局,探究了室内绿化设计的方法。希望能给相关行业人员带来一些借鉴和思考,为我国室内绿化设计的发展水平注入一些活力,让室内绿化设计不断推广并广泛应用,进而优化人们的生活工作环境,提高生活质量,打造幸福生活。     

天津市市政工程设计研究院

天津市市政工程设计研究院,始建于一九四九年十月十八日,是新中国成立之后组建的首批市政设计单位之一,是国内专业最齐全的市政设计单位之一,是国家认证的高新技术企业。目前我院作为综合型国家甲级设计研究院,拥有市政行业甲级、公路行业(公路、特大桥梁)专业甲级,建筑行业(建筑工程)甲级、风景园林工程设计专项甲级、工程咨询甲级、工程勘察类综合甲级、测绘资质甲级、工程总承包甲级、工程监理甲     

大面积场地雨水利用系统的设计与分析

正为了满足人们对私家车日益增长的需求,专业性、综合性的机动车考试、训练场地应运而生。这种场地综合性强,可以满足各种机动车考试、训练的需求,但同时也对场地设计,尤其是场地雨水收集系统的设计,提出了更高的要求。为了保证场地的整体性,场地中间不能设置市政道路,也就没有市政管道。这样,大面积场地的雨水汇入一条市政管道,势必增加市政管网的负荷,而且原有市政管网有可能无法满足设计要求。因此,     

论上海集约化供水发展

公共供水是城市基础设施的重要组成部分,是城市可持续发展的重要保障。该文依据上海城市供水的现状,提出集约化供水是上海供水行业的发展方向。     

市政消防栓养护管理探讨

该文分析供水企业在市政消防栓养护管理过程中普通存在的问题及其产生原因,并阐述市政消防栓的信息化建设、积极推广应用新型消防栓、市政消防栓的差异化管理、提高市民保护市政消防栓意识、构建社会化、法制化的消防管理防护模式,改善市政消防栓养护管理工作。     

Household and economic factors associated with geographic and school mobility among low-income children

Child poverty has been shown to have lifelong consequences, and several policy interventions have sought to alleviate its effects. However, federal school policy insufficiently addresses ‘out of school’ factors, including high rates of residential and school mobility among poor students. The detrimental effects of school mobility on achievement and classroom behavior have been well documented, but the literature on the household dynamics associated with residential and school mobility among the poor is limited. This study uses detailed administrative data from Oregon's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program to provide more information on residential and school mobility among low-income children of early elementary school age. Changes in household composition, income, employment, residential address, and school catchment were analyzed over several years to measure the relationship between mobility and household dynamics. We find that Oregon children from low-income families have high rates of residential and school mobility and that family dynamics rather than economic opportunity appear to increase the probability of moving. We offer several policy recommendations in light of the findings.     

Economic Well-being and Cohabitation: Another Nonmetro Disadvantage?

Our study examines residential variability in the prevalence of cohabiting households, the extent to which children are present, characteristics of the household head, and multiple indicators of economic well-being. Despite a lower prevalence of cohabiting households in nonmetropolitan compared to other areas, a larger proportion contain children. For all measures considered, economic well-being is lowest for cohabiting households with children in nonmetropolitan areas, and compared to their metro counterparts a larger proportion receive all forms of public assistance. The higher likelihood of poverty among nonmetropolitan cohabiting households with children is not explained by the characteristics of the household heads in multivariate models predicting household poverty. Cohabitation clearly has different family and economic implications in nonmetropolitan than in other residential areas.     

Effect of urbanization on surface water chemistry in south-central Texas

The use of state factors can adequately describe the biogeochemistry and geochemistry of relatively undisturbed surface waters. Watersheds with increasing proportions of urban and suburban land use, particularly in sub-tropical, semi-arid and arid urban areas, that utilize irrigation for turfgrass and landscaping may have a low flow urban signature that relates to the source water used by municipal water suppliers. We examined thirteen watersheds; four with waste water treatment plants (24–67% urbanization), four rural (< 30% urbanization) and five urban (> 30% urbanization) in a humid sub-tropical oak savannah in south-central Texas. Three of our urban and one of our rural watersheds displayed the signature of municipal tap water. Three out of four watersheds with waste water treatment plants displayed the signature of treated sewage effluent. We suggest as a result of this study that the chemistry of municipal tap water particularly that with high sodium and bicarbonate, used in urban watersheds for irrigating turfgrass and landscapes may have detrimental effects on base flow stream water quality after it has interacted with watershed soils.     

Investigations of the urban street tree forest of Mendoza, Argentina

The investigation of the urban street trees was undertaken in the oasis city Mendoza, Argentina. The analysis included 1,680 urban street trees in their structure (species, age, and spatial structure), vitality and irrigation conditions. A questioning of 120 residents analysed the perception and acceptance of the urban trees by urban dwellers. Different urban structures, residential, commercial and residential mixed structures and the city centre were investigated. The results show clearly the insufficient maintenance of the trees (composition, aging, irrigation, pruning etc.) and damaged irrigation system with leads to a loss of vitality. The questioning showed that easily recognisable problems (insufficient pruning etc.) are more reflected by people than long term problems (irrigation). There is a different reflection of urban street tree problems in the different urban areas, related to status, information level and management. The maintenance and relation to urban street trees was best in the residential area. Not only better maintenance of the trees but also a clearer recognition of street tree problems by residents and by the responsible municipal institutions is urgently needed. A public-private partnership and more environmental education could help to overcome the problems.     

Dangers of Decentralisation in Urban Slums: A Comparative Study of Water Supply and Drainage Service Delivery in Kolkata,India

Clientelism may lead to the underprovision of services which are deemed suitable for decentralisation. Water distribution and drainage services, managed from a lower level of municipal authority, are liable to be affected by clientelism and consequent underprovision. Water quality, maintained from a higher municipal layer, is not likely to be affected by clientelism. Capture by politically influential and dominant social and religious groups is likely to take place for important services like water supply. The article suggests that awareness, measurability, importance and resource intensiveness of service are additional factors to be considered for assessing the suitability of a sector for decentralisation.     

Intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of yard vegetation in urban residential areas: implications for conservation planning

Residential green areas often represent a significant portion of a city’s green infrastructure which has generated great interest in studying the factors that contribute to the formation of plant associations in residential yards. This project evaluated the external factors to the household social-ecological system that influence the availability of plants for residential landscapes and how they may influence the presence of native plants in residential yards on households within the Río Piedras watershed in the metropolitan area of San Juan, Puerto Rico. The methods used included a residential survey with open and closed questions that addressed the sources of plants used in landscaping and an evaluation of ornamental plant species inventories from local nurseries. A total of 432 yards were surveyed. Yard plants in this watershed have multiple sources. Aside from obtaining plants at local nurseries, natural dispersion, exchanges among family and friends and historical plantings can be just as important sources of yard plants. Our results also suggest that the majority of residents do not know where to get native plants which could represent a challenge for the development and implementation of initiatives for natives gardening. At the same time, most commercial nurseries have a deficit of native plants in their inventories. This information is critical to species conservation strategies that seek the inclusion of urban residential areas and may help improve initiatives about the involvement of individual citizens in sustainable gardening practices at the residential scale.     

A behavioral model of residential energy use

The energy use in the residential sector is an important area for compaigns to conserve energy. In the first section of this article, a model is proposed that relates personal, environmental (e.g. home) and behavioral factors to energy use. This model is instrumental in relating variables that determine energy use in the home.In the following these determinants of household energy use: socio-demographic factors, family life-style, energy prices, energy-related behavior, cost-benefit trade offs, effectiveness and responsibility, feedback, information, home characteristics are discussed.In the third section several options for energy-saving campaigns and related research are discussed.