基于前景理论的物流配送干扰管理模型研究

针对干扰事件导致物流配送难以顺利实施这一难题,运用干扰管理思想,通过结合行为科学中对人的行为感知的研究方法与运筹学中定量的研究手段,从客户、物流配送运营商、配送业务员三个方面度量物流配送系统的扰动,提出基于前景理论的扰动度量方法,构建字典序的多目标干扰管理模型并采用改进的蚁群算法进行求解.实例结果表明:本文方法比全局重调度方法和局部重调度方法更实用——能够均衡各方的利益,得到的调整方案对系统的扰动更小.     

客户时间窗变化的物流配送干扰管理模型——基于行为的视角

针对客户时间窗变化而导致的物流配送难以顺利实施这一难题,运用干扰管理思想,以提高物流配送干扰管理决策过程的科学性为目标,结合行为科学中对人的行为感知的研究方法与运筹学中定量的研究手段,分析客户时间窗变化这类干扰事件对客户、物流配送运营商和配送业务员等受扰主体的影响,研究基于行为的扰动度量方法, 构建客户时间窗变化的字典序多目标干扰管理模型,并给出快速高效的求解方法。实例结果表明:本文方法比已有的全局重调度方法和局部重调度方法更实用--能够均衡各方的利益,获得扰动最小的调整方案。     

需求变动下的物流配送干扰管理模型的知识表示与求解

针对需求变动下的物流配送干扰管理数学模型难以支持实时建模与实时求解的缺陷,通过深入分析需求变动的物流配送干扰管理问题的已知知识、建模知识与求解知识,引入人工智能和知识工程的相关知识表示理论与建模方法,建立该问题的BRGISC模型知识表示方法,将包含多种需求变动事件的物流配送干扰管理的建模与求解过程进行知识表示,并以此知识表示为基础,提出一种解决该问题的基于知识的求解方法,设计了知识库和推理规则,实现该类问题的实时建模与求解过程,并应用到中石油大连销售分公司市内配送小配送片区0#柴油的日常需求变动干扰管理中.实例运行和数据实验的结果表明,该方法能够满足对多种需求变动事件的实时响应,实时生成干扰管理决策方案.     

连锁经营物流配送系统的动态分析模型研究

本文提出了研究连锁经营零售商业的物流配送总体计划的大型线性目标规划数学模型,并用动态目标规划的方法来模拟和动态地分析配送系统运行性能和合理性。详细论述了模型结构,并以大型问题的实例进行了测试,证实了方法的正确性和可用性。     

物流配送车辆的干扰管理序贯决策方法研究

针对物流配送系统中车辆由于干扰事件而产生的时间延迟,运用干扰管理的思想,首先对干扰事件演进过程进行分析,提出了时间延迟的干扰管理问题的多阶段划分方法,然后通过对偏离成本的探讨,建立了兼顾物流供应商和客户两个主体的时间延迟度量模型,进而形成了处理时间延迟干扰问题的序贯决策方法.最后采用一个具体实例,验证了上述方法的可行性.     

物流配送车辆路径规划模型的知识表示研究

针对物流配送车辆路径规划的实时动态建模问题,以解决模型的目标函数和约束等符号化知识的知识表示及基于知识的求解机制为突破口,提出了以七元组M=(B,O,C,I,P,E,D)表示车辆路径规划模型的知识表示方法--BOCIPED表示法;并以沈阳昌达集团餐饮配送公司为应用背景,设计建立了相应的车辆路径规划问题的建模与求解系统,通过系统的实际应用,验证了系统中BOCIPED表示方法的可行性与有效性.本研究为车辆路径规划这一难题提供由计算机自动生成模型并求解的新方法,有利于建立高智能的物流配送实时调度系统.     

顾客时间窗变化的多车场车辆调度干扰管理模型研究

为解决物流配送过程中某顾客时间窗变化而导致的物流配送难以按照原计划实现的难题,运用干扰管理方法,针对多车场带时间窗的物流配送车辆路径问题,提出包含顾客配送时间总偏离度、配送总成本、新路径方案与初始路径计划偏差量、最长行驶时间违反总量4个因素的扰动程度度量方法;以顾客时间窗变化这类干扰事件发生时的问题状态为基础,以系统整体扰动最小化为目标,建立问题的目标规划数学模型;针对这一复杂模型,提出基于特定邻域结构及其寻优概率的变邻域搜索算法;最后在标准算例上使用变邻域搜索算法与其他文献算法进行比较分析,结果表明该变邻域搜索算法对于干扰事件发生后的车辆路线重排结果在系统整体扰动程度方面明显优于其他文献的算法.     

干扰管理研究评述

对干扰管理的相关研究进行评述,概述干扰管理思想的形成及发展,分析干扰管理的两大类模型--网络图模型和数学模型,评述求解干扰管理模型的精确算法和启发式算法,并介绍干扰管理在航空、物流配送、供应链、机器调度及项目管理等问题中的应用,最后提出干扰管理的进一步研究方向.     

电子类设备物流配送网络的规划研究

回顾了一些针对配送网络设计的方法、研究成果,分析了建立电子类设备物流配送网络的实施步骤。     

加工能力受限的单机干扰管理研究

针对单机环境下最小化加权折扣加工时间和的排序问题,研究如何应对可预见的干扰事件。由于干扰事件使得机器加工能力受限,初始最优加工时间表不再可行,采用外包的方式来进行干扰管理。构建了排序模型,同时考虑原目标和与初始计划偏离的扰动目标,选择外包工件集并对所有工件进行重排序。为了求解得到的双目标排序问题,基于理想点法设计了一种动态规划算法和量子遗传算法相结合的算法。最后通过一个数值算例说明,该排序模型对于求解加工能力受限的单机干扰管理问题是有效的。     

城市公交系统内乘客出行动态均衡模型

通过引入城市公共交通车辆内乘客的拥挤成本,建立了基于乘客的出发时间选择的动态出行均衡模型,并对具有不同运输能力的公交方式所导致的乘客出行差异进行了比较分析.研究结果表明大容量公共交通能使沿线上下游站点乘客都收益,而小容量公交车辆在高峰期会被远距离出行者优先挤占,从而有可能加大下游站点乘客的出行成本.算例结果支持了模型的结论.这有助于加深对复杂交通行为的理解,对改进公交规划与管理具有理论指导价值.     

城市应急系统优化选址决策模型和算法

以往的应急系统选址模型仅仅考虑在一个确定应急限制期下的选址问题.但是,在城市规划决策中,应急限制期和应急服务设施点建立的费用(数目)都相当重要.针对这个特点,提出了应急限制期下的应急选址模型,并提出了基于分支定界方法的应急选址模型的最优解.该算法利用FLPS′(k)的最优解为起点,进而获得FLPS′(k+1)的最优解,大大减少了计算量.     

供应链中二级分销网络的优化设计模型

从供应链的集成和协调的角度出发 ,提出了在多工厂、多产品、多客户环境下 ,考虑需求分配的二级分销网络优化设计模型 .模型体现了在设计分销网络时 ,根据制造企业各分厂的生产能力和各客户区 (需求地 )对不同产品的需求情况 ,合理的将对产品的需求分配到各个分厂 ,制定相应的生产计划 ,以降低生产和分销环节的总费用 .文中还讨论了采用启发式算法同传统的分枝定界法相结合以提高问题的求解速度 ,并给出了一个数值例子 .     

A model for integrated production-packaging systems

The problem of determining the economic packaging frequency of jointly replenished items has received a lot of attention from researchers. This problem is usually encountered while packaging the products after completing manufacture. Nevertheless, production batch quantities certainly influence the manufacturing cycle time of products and hence the economic packaging quantities for jointly replenished items. Therefore, realizing the importance of the relationship between production batch quantities and packaging quantities     

A model for forecasting energy economic systems

This paper presents a small integrated model which can be used for forecasting the behaviour of energy economic systems. The model is small, particularly when compared with the huge econometric modelling systems that are being used for the same purpose, and it is integrated in the sense that it forecasts both energy demand and gross domestic product simultaneously, taking into account the two way linkage existing between them. The energy economic system is formulated in a linear dynamic mode and Kalman filter is used for estimating the model. It is also applied for forecasting the state of the system in the future. The implementation of the model to the Greek energy economic system is presented as a case problem.     

A model for multinational corporate money management

A centralized multiple-period money management model is developed and applied to the case of a simulated US based MNC with subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Canada and West Germany. Only the first of three period's decisions are intended for implementation in the moving horizon model. The inclusion of two future periods permits current actions to be executed with imperfect but valuable information contained in forecasts of future spot exchange rates produced by moving-horizon least-squares generators. For the set of assumptions invoked it is seen that the centralized model provides significantly better profit results than zero-net exposure approaches.     

A multiple goal methodology for evaluating management information systems

The behavior and performance of an organization are intimately tied to the mode and effectiveness of its information processing function. While there is a rapidly expanding level of research concerned with the design, development, and implementation of management information systems (MIS), relatively few approaches to the evaluation and improvement of these systems have been suggested. The current paper develops a multiple goal methodology aimed at filling this gap by evaluating and, if necessary, subsequently modifying any given set of MIS design variables considered capable of enhancing a series of operational and, perhaps, conflicting goals. The methodology is based on a series of significant findings from the MIS design literature. In particular, the procedure incorporates the tripartite of decision type/decision-maker/MIS design into the evaluation process. The methodology is user-based, being flexible with respect to the definition of performance objectives, evaluation measures, design variables, and correction strategies. A brief example applies the methodology to the evaluation of an MIS within a health services organization.     

A production management information model for discrete manufacturing

The Manufacturing Systems Integration (MSI) project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology is developing a system architecture that incorporates an integrated production planning and control environment. The development of this architecture includes the definition of information models describing the information which needs to be shared among production management systems (production planning, scheduling and control systems) in order to achieve the integration of manufacturing systems. This paper presents the production management information model within the MSI project. The main focus of the model is to identify and characterize the relationships between orders and workpieces, to identify the information necessary to achieve workpiece tracking and to identify the information necessary to achieve resource requirements specifications for process plans.     

A portfolio model for foreign exchange exposure management

This paper summarizes the results of our research into applications of decision analysis and portfolio theory to the management of foreign exchange exposure. In contrast with much current practice in foreign exchange management, the portfolio approach takes into explicit consideration the inherent relationships among the currencies in the company's foreign currency portfolio. The hedging model developed in this article traces out an ‘efficient frontier’ or trade-off curve between expected value and variance of the foreign currency portfolio at the end of the planning period. In doing so, the model chooses the optimal amount and method of hedging for each currency in the portfolio.