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1.
Social Capital,Volunteering, and Charitable Giving 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lili Wang Elizabeth Graddy 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2008,19(1):23-42
This paper explores the impact of social capital—measured by social trust and social networks—on individual charitable giving
to religious and secular organizations. Using United States data from the national sample of the 2000 Social Capital Community
Benchmark Survey, we find that social trust, bridging social network, and civic engagement increase the amount of giving to
both religious and secular causes. In contrast, organizational activism only affects secular giving. Volunteering activity,
and human and financial capital indicators positively affect both religious and secular giving. Finally, those who are happy
about their lives and those who are religious give more to religious causes, but these factors do not affect secular giving.
We find evidence of important differences in the determinants of religious and secular giving, suggesting the need to distinguish
these two types of charitable giving in future work.
相似文献
Elizabeth GraddyEmail: |
2.
Greg Piper Sylke V. Schnepf 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2008,19(2):103-124
The predominant part of the literature states that women are more likely to donate to charitable causes but men are more generous
in terms of the amount given. The last result generally derives from the focus on mean amount given. This article examines
gender differences in giving focusing on the distribution of amounts donated and the probability of giving using micro-data
on individual giving to charitable causes for Great Britain. Results indicate that women are generally more generous than
men also in terms of the amounts donated. Quantile regression analysis shows that this pattern is robust if we take into account
gender differences in individual characteristics such as household structure, education, and income. The article also investigates
differences in gender preferences for varying charitable causes. Results are presented separately for single and married people,
highlighting the very different gender patterns of giving behaviour found in the two groups.
相似文献
Sylke V. SchnepfEmail: |
3.
Alessandro Cigno Gianna C. Giannelli Furio C. Rosati Daniela Vuri 《Review of Economics of the Household》2006,4(3):183-204
The paper tests the hypothesis that private transfers can be explained by the existence of self-enforcing family constitutions
prescribing the minimum level at which a person in middle life should support her young children and elderly parents. The
test is based on the effect of a binding credit ration on the probability of making a money transfer, which can be positive
only in the presence of family constitutions. Allowing for the possible endogeneity of the credit ration, we find that rationing
has a positive effect on the probability of giving money if the potential giver is under the age of retirement, but no significant
effect if the person is already retired. This appears to reject the hypothesis that transfer behavior is the outcome of unfettered
individual optimization on the part of either altruistic or exchange motivated agents, but not the one that individuals optimize
subject to a self-enforcing family constitution. The policy implications are briefly discussed.
相似文献
Daniela Vuri (Corresponding author)Email: |
4.
This paper analyzes income-pooling by using a unique Danish data set that includes questions on income pooling among 1,696
couples. The analyses show that most Danish households use some kind of income pooling and that the proportion of income pooled
varies considerably according to individual characteristics (age, education, occupation, past partners, upbringing) and household
characteristics (household income, duration of marriage, location of residence and the existence of public goods, including
children). However, when all variables are evaluated in a common model, the duration of marriage and the existence of children
predominantly affect the likelihood of income pooling.
相似文献
Jens BonkeEmail: |
5.
Economic Status of Older Asians in the United States 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Deanna L. Sharpe 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2008,29(4):570-583
Data from the 5-percent Census 2000 Public Use Microdata were utilized to examine the economic status of six Asian-only groups
in the United States aged 65 and older. Japanese Americans’ economic status emulated that of older Whites; whereas, older
Korean and Vietnamese economic status more closely resembled that of older Blacks. Regression results indicated that education,
household size, and duration of immigration were significantly and positively related to household income for most of the
Asian-only groups, supporting the theory that human capital, structural barriers, and acculturation all play a role in determination
of household income for older Asian Americans.
相似文献
Deanna L. SharpeEmail: |
6.
In this paper we consider the issue of the intra-household distribution of welfare directly using a survey measure of self-perceived
economic well-being. We develop a theoretical model of satisfaction within the household for couples. In the empirical analysis
we find that husbands and wives often report different levels of financial satisfaction. The most important correlate of relative
satisfaction within the household is found to be relative income. This is a direct confirmation of the previously implicit
findings and is predicted by our theoretical model.
相似文献
Martin BrowningEmail: |
7.
Home ownership has potentially significant consequences for welfare state policy. High owner-occupancy rates may function as private insurance where social spending is low (a substitution effect). Alternatively, state income redistribution policies could raise the number of home owners (an income effect). Cross-national time-series data show that social spending is negatively related to home ownership, and mediates the positive relationship between income inequality and owner-occupancy rates. This suggests that owner-occupancy acts as a form of social insurance over the life course. Future welfare state researchers should consider the issue of home ownership in analyses of inequality and the social safety net.
相似文献
Dalton ConleyEmail: |
8.
The economics of gay and lesbian couples: Introduction to a special issue on gay and lesbian households 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article presents a simple conceptual framework integrating three couple-related outcomes analyzed in this volume: wage
differentials in earnings related to couple formation, household formation (including cohabitation and registration as Registered
Domestic Partnership), and intra-household allocation of income. It also discusses some of the articles’ main findings.
相似文献
Lisa K. Jepsen (Corresponding author)Email: |
9.
Did the legalization of abortion increase women’s household bargaining power? Evidence from labor supply 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Sonia Oreffice 《Review of Economics of the Household》2007,5(2):181-207
I estimate the impact of abortion legalization on spouses’ labor supplies to test whether legalization increased women’s household
bargaining power, in a collective household behavior framework. Based on CPS data, I find that wives’ labor supply decreased
and their husbands’ increased, which is consistent with the bargaining hypothesis. This contrasts with most studies of abortion
and birth control technologies, which predict a labor supply effect only for women, and of opposite sign. Also consistent
with the bargaining interpretation, I estimate no significant impact on anti-abortion religious couples or on those who regularly
used contraceptives. PSID data yield supportive evidence.
相似文献
Sonia OrefficeEmail: |
10.
This study seeks, using state-level data, to identify key factors that help to explain recent trends of labor force participation
among women. Adult females are treated as attempting to maximize utility subject to a variety of budgetary and non-budgetary
constraints. Among the findings obtained is a positive impact from the level of public assistance, i.e., the greater the extent
of public assistance to adult females in the forms of Supplemental Security Income, Food Stamps, and so forth, the higher
the female labor force participation rate (FLFPR). Other factors contributing to observed FLFPRs include age, the presence
of young children, family income, educational attainment and disability status. In addition, we also find evidence that an
increase in the proportion of the population that is non-native to the U.S. has a negative effect on the FLFPR.
相似文献
Richard J. CebulaEmail: |
11.
Shoshana Ringel 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2008,36(1):73-82
This qualitative study examines formative spiritual experiences of thirteen Orthodox Jewish women. The author discusses differences
between Orthodox-born women and women returnees to Orthodoxy. From an attachment perspective, the data suggests that secure
as well as insecure attachment bonds are the primary factors in religious development for these respondents. The author also
argues that spiritual development from a Kabbalistic perspective offers a complementary paradigm from which to evaluate the
respondents’ religious development. Finally, recommendations for clinical practice with Orthodox women are discussed.
相似文献
Shoshana RingelEmail: |
12.
The international labor rights movement, led by the International Labour Organization (ILO), asserts that developing countries
are currently ready for more stringent labor standards. We investigate this claim by examining the timing of labor standard
adoption in highly developed countries, which were all once as poor as today’s developing countries and made the trade-off
between labor standards and income in the past. Their experience therefore suggests a safe income threshold for adopting similar
labor standards in the developing world. We find that every ILO-proposed labor standard is highly premature for the developing
countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. Countries there are between 100 and 300 years from reaching this threshold. Similarly, we
find that so-called sweatshop-intensive developing countries are between 35 and 100 years from this threshold. ILO-proposed
policy is exactly backward. A substantial relaxation of labor standards is the appropriate labor policy for the developing
world.
相似文献
Peter T. LeesonEmail: |
13.
Hideo Akabayashi 《Review of Economics of the Household》2006,4(4):349-378
The Japanese tax system offers an opportunity to investigate the labor supply response of married women to the income tax
and the intrahousehold resource allocation mechanism, since the deductible amount from the husband’s income decreases as the
wife’s earnings increase. Using cross-section data, I structurally estimate the labor supply of married women under the piece-wise
linear budget constraint created by the Japanese tax and social security system. I find that the wife’s labor supply response
to her husband’s decreasing deduction tends to be greater than the response to her own income tax. This suggests that not
only the unitary model is rejected but also that female labor is allocated inefficiently within a family. Finally, this study
shows that the choice of household model affects the predicted effect of policy reform and that the currently proposed reforms
will have less of an effect on the labor supply of married women than previous studies claim.
相似文献
Hideo AkabayashiEmail: |
14.
William Nilsson 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2008,29(3):407-426
Theoretical arguments suggest that a higher socioeconomic status can improve health and as a consequence reduce the need for
sick leave. The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate causal effects between spousal income and absence from
the workplace due to sickness. To control for unobserved heterogeneity a Swedish sample of female twins and a semiparametric
censored fixed-effects model was used. Results for dizygotic (fraternal) twins indicated that male spousal income, i.e., a
non-shared environmental influence, reduced the share of income that was government-paid sickness benefits. Data on monozygotic
twins, who have identical genes, provide a more complete control for unobserved heterogeneity. No causal effect was found
in this case.
相似文献
William NilssonEmail: |
15.
Till Debt do us Part: A Model of Divorce and Personal Bankruptcy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The number of personal bankruptcies has increased dramatically since 1990, and a growing number of filers are divorced. While
previous research shows that divorce significantly increases the probability of bankruptcy, these studies assume divorce is
exogenous. This study uses the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to investigate the relationship between divorce and bankruptcy. Single-equation probit results show that divorce significantly
increases the probability of bankruptcy and bankruptcy significantly increases the probability of divorce. However, after
controlling for endogeneity, the effect of divorce on bankruptcy and the effect of bankruptcy on divorce both fall by a significant
amount and are statistically insignificant. The findings suggest that future research needs to more carefully model the role
that financial distress plays within a marriage.
相似文献
Angela C. Lyons (Corresponding author)Email: |
16.
M. V. Lee Badgett Gary J. Gates Natalya C. Maisel 《Review of Economics of the Household》2008,6(4):327-346
In this paper, we predict the demand for a marriage-like status—registered domestic partnership–among same-sex couples. Domestic
partnership in the state of California now comes with almost all of the rights and responsibilities of marriage that a state
can provide. We use the LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) Tobacco Use Survey conducted by the California Department
of Health and the Field Research Corporation in 2003. From this telephone survey, we use a probability sample of 1,002 lesbian
and gay individuals in California. Using multinomial probit models of partnership status (single, not cohabiting, cohabiting,
or registered), we find limited evidence of economic motivations in the choice to register. Gay men’s likelihood of registration
rises with income; lesbians’ probability of registration rises with age. Couples with longer duration are more likely to register,
suggesting that registration and duration are complementary signals of commitment and possibly of the need for rights and
benefits of registration.
相似文献
Natalya C. MaiselEmail: |
17.
Plurality rule is mostly criticized from being capable of choosing an alternative considered as worst by a strict majority.
This paper considers elections in which the agenda consists of potential candidates strategically choosing whether or not
to enter the election. In this context, we examine the ability of scoring rules to fulfil the Condorcet criterion. We show
for the case of three potential candidates that Plurality rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies a version of the Condorcet
criterion in two cases: 1) when preferences are single-peaked and, 2) when preferences are single-dipped.
相似文献
Bernardo MorenoEmail: |
M. Socorro Puy (Corresponding author)Email: |
18.
The dynamic effects from EU membership are crucial for the new member states to catch up with the average income level in
the old member states. To gauge the dynamic effects we follow a two-step procedure in which a gravity equation for bilateral
trade shows the trade effect of EU membership and a growth regression yields the income effect of trade. Shared EU membership
is found to increase trade between two of its member states with about 27%. EU membership may contribute to trade by inducing
countries to improve the quality of their institutions. Trade increases by another 23% if institutions improve, yielding a
total trade increase of 50%. Improved openness increases income by 38% according to our estimates. Adding a small direct effect
of improved institutions on income, the total income effect of EU membership is 40% for the 12 new members and Turkey. This
implies that EU membership, or its effect on trade and institutions, could lead to large economic gains for the new member
states, but does not bring them economically on par with the old member states.
相似文献
Paul J. G. TangEmail: |
19.
Suzanne Heller Clain 《Journal of Labor Research》2008,29(3):205-218
I investigate how living wage legislation affects poverty. I find evidence that living wage ordinances modestly reduce poverty
rates where such ordinances are enacted. However, there is no evidence that state minimum wage laws do so. The difference
in the impacts of the two types of legislation conceivably stems from a difference in the party responsible for bearing the
burden of the cost.
相似文献
Suzanne Heller ClainEmail: |
20.
Household Debt and Marital Instability: Evidence from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Korean society has recently experienced rapid increases in household debt and divorce rates. This study investigates whether
household debt and debt ratios lower marital stability and increase the probability of divorce among Korean families. Six-year
panels from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (KLIPS) household surveys were used for analysis. The effect of household
debt upon the probability of divorce was estimated through pooled and population-averaged Logit models. The results suggest
that household financial strain measured by the amount of household debt and the debt-to-income ratios does not significantly
affect the probability of divorce. This finding contradicts the widespread notion that households’ excessive borrowing has
been partially responsible for the recent increase in divorce rates in Korea.
相似文献
Ki Young LeeEmail: |