Comment on ``A first look at the 21st Century: Census 2000', Population and Policy Review,Special Issue: Census 2000

Population Research and Policy Review -     

Comments on ``Coverage of the Population in Census 2000: Results from Demographic Analysis' and ``Demographic comparison between self-response and personal visit interview in Census 2000', Population Research and Policy Review,Special Issue: Census 2000

Population Research and Policy Review -     

2000年人口普查的得失

2000年第五次人口普查是我国市场经济体制下的第一次人口普查，在组织和实施这次人口普查中，遇到了许多以往普查所没有遇到的新问题，归纳起来主要有以下几点：(1)依法进行普查的问题。前四次人口普查的组织和实施都是在各级政府的行政命令下完成的……     

基于五普数据对四普数据质量的估计

本文在考虑了第四次人口普查和第五次人口普查的调查时点差异后,采用列克西斯图图示法,运用人口逆存活分析技术并结合对比分析方法,对第四次人口普查数据质量进行了重新评估。研究发现,“四普”0—9岁人口存在严重漏报,男女两性合计漏报人口1269万;10-18岁人口不仅存在漏报,也存在重报;男女分性别漏报人口之间也存在较大差异。     

China's Floating Population: New Evidence from the 2000 Census

This article uses tabulations from the 2000 Population Census of China along with a micro‐level data sample from the census to provide a picture of China's floating population: migrants without local household registration (hukou), a status resulting in significant social and economic disadvantages. By 2000, the size of China's floating population had grown to nearly 79 million, if that category is defined as migrants who moved between provinces or counties and resided at their destinations for six months or more. Intra‐county floating migration is similarly large, contributing another 66 million to the size of the floating population. The article also discusses the geographic pattern of the floating population and the reasons for moving as reported by migrants. Policy implications are noted.     

Age-sex structure of the United States in 2000: Early results from Census 2000

Recently data on age and sex for the United States have beenreleased in the Census 2000 data product Summary File 1. This paper presents someearly analysis on the shape of the age and sex structure from Census 2000 data throughstatistics and graphics on national and sub-national levels. Also highlighted are comparisonswith data from the 1990 census.     

Census 2000 Partnership and Marketing Program Evaluation

To evaluate the Census 2000 integrated marketing strategy, the Census Bureau contracted with the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) to conduct a national representative sample survey. In addition to having a nationalrepresentative sample, NORC oversampled populations whichare historically undercounted in the census. Using threecross-sectional mixed mode surveys, NORC obtained baseline,pre- and post-census measures of awareness, attitudes, knowledge,and mailback intentions over the period of the census. This paperreports on some of the preliminary results from the NORC reportof the Partnership and Marketing Program (PMP) evaluation.     

First Impressions from the 2000 Census of China

The 2000 census of China has several notable innovations, including a sample long form containing detailed items on migration, housing, and employment. Preliminary data indicate rapid urbanization and continued rapid social change in the 1990s, and apparent success in the government's drive to curtail population growth. Although a post‐enumeration survey indicates that overall data quality is good, the rise of a mobile “floating population” and pressures of the birth planning program caused problems for the enumeration of migrants and infants. Data released to date have been silent on two important issues, fertility and rising sex ratios.     

美国2000年人口普查结果初析

美国２０００年人口普查初步结果已于２０００年１２月底公布。从公布的初步结果看到，美国人口在９０年代出现了很多变化，这些变化也多是历史演变趋势的继续。根据美国人口统计局从去年底至今年４月初陆续公布的数据和报告，可以分析出９０年代美国人口的最新变化。     

A first look at the 21st Century: Census 2000

This paper examines the initial results from Census 2000. It focuses onpopulation growth and distribution, and the five populationcharacteristics from the 100-percent data: age, sex, Hispanic origin, race, and householdrelationship. It explores emerging trends within an historical and global context.     

Comment on ``Hispanic Population 1990–2000: Growth and Change', Population Research and Policy Review,Special Issue on the 2000 Census

Population Research and Policy Review -     

美国2000年人口普查的准确性和数字评估调查

本文概要地叙述了美国2000年人口普查后所进行的准确性和数字评估调查(A.C.E.调查)。它包括:抽样设计、事后分层、双系统估计等等。     

2000年人口普查实施效果和提出的挑战

20 0 0年人口普查是一次难度空前的普查。为了获得准确的资料 ,国务院人口普查办公室对普查方案做了改进 ,采用了一些新的技术。从实施效果来看 ,证明这些改进是十分必要的。尽管如此 ,这次普查的漏登率却比 1 990年普查大幅度提高 ,达到了 1 .81 %。导致人口普查漏登率上升的因素是多方面的 ,既有方案设计上的 ,也有组织实施、普查环境变化的影响。认真研究这些问题以及解决的对策 ,对改进我国的人口统计是非常重要的     

中国2000年人口普查的几个问题研究

本文首先指出,中国２０００年的人口普查,是中国人口普查所而临的首次世纪之交的人口普查,因此,是一次具有重要时代意义的人口普查。论文着重对人口普查资料的应用与发展,人口普查资料的发布,以及人口普查资料发布的规范与管理问题,进行了深入讨论。指出,人口普查资料的发布,应包括重要国情指标的发布,并强调国情指标的发布,应由国家统计局纳入统一规范与管理。     

关于2000年人口普查质量的调查与思考

2000年全国人口普查的漏报率比以往普查有显著上升,引起了社会各界的广泛关注.本文通过对8个省18位普查机构工作人员、11位普查员和23位群众的走访调查,探讨了影响2000年人口普查质量的主要因素.     

Coverage of the population in Census 2000: Results from Demographic Analysis

Since the 1960 Census, Demographic Analysis (DA) has been used by the Census Bureau to evaluate the coverage of the population. Administrative statistics on births, deaths, immigration and Medicare enrollments as well as estimates of legal emigration and net undocumented immigration are used to produce demographic analysis estimates of the population for the census date. These estimates are compared to the Census 2000 data to evaluate coverage in the census. The results are also compared to measures of undercount obtained from dual system estimation. The DA measures substantial reduction in net undercount in Census 2000 compared to 1990. The reductions occur among all demographic categories: all broad age groups, males and females, Blacks and Non-Blacks.     

Declining Segregation of Same-Sex Partners: Evidence from Census 2000 and 2010

Despite recent media and scholarly attention describing the “disappearance” of traditionally gay neighborhoods, urban scholars have yet to quantify the segregation of same-sex partners and determine whether declining segregation from different-sex partners is a wide-spread trend. Focusing on the 100 most populous places in the United States, I use data from the 2000 and 2010 Decennial Census to examine the segregation of same-sex partners over time and its place-level correlates. I estimate linear regression models to examine the role of four place characteristics in particular: average levels of education, aggregate trends in the family life cycle of same-sex partners, violence and social hostility motivated by sexual orientation bias, and representation of same-sex partners in the overall population. On average, same-sex partners were less segregated from different-sex partners in 2010 than in 2000, and the vast majority of same-sex partners lived in environments of declining segregation. Segregation was lower and declined more rapidly in places that had a greater percentage of graduate degree holders. In addition, segregation of female partners was lower in places that had a greater share of female partner households with children. These findings suggest that sexual orientation should be considered alongside economic status, race, and ethnicity as an important factor that contributes to neighborhood differentiation and urban spatial inequality.     

中国人口迁移的选择性:基于五普数据的分析

人口迁移的选择性一直以来都是人口学家和经济学家关注的焦点。文章利用2000年中国人口普查微观数据,重点考察了1990年代后期在转型社会中中国人口迁移的选择性问题。研究表明,中国人口迁移具有较强的年龄选择性和教育选择性,但青年迁移者中,女性所占比例有所上升且呈现出高于男性迁移风险的态势。同时,户籍制度是影响迁移决策和决定迁移类型的重要因素。     

从2000年人口普查看我国人口状况的几个特点

第五次人口普查是我国市场经济条件下进行的第一次人口普查 ,也是世纪之交的一次国情国力调查。本文根据 31个省快速汇总的主要数据 ,对我国 2 0年来人口变化、发展的主要特点进行了简要分析。纵观人口状况的这些变化特点 ,都与人口的迁移流动有着密切的关系。随着我国低生育水平的逐渐稳定 ,低出生、低死亡和低自然增长的趋势已经形成 ,人口自然变动对人口各种结构的影响逐渐减弱。随着省际之间、城乡之间人口的迁移流动日趋频繁 ,人口的机械变动对人口各种结构的影响将逐渐增大。