基于奇异值分解去势的非线性趋势序列单位根检验研究

 如何克服ADF与PP单位根检验法对非线性趋势平稳序列的伪检验,提高单位根检验的功效,是非平稳时间序列分析的重要问题。本文基于奇异值分解的思路,构造出检验非平稳时间序列单位根的SVD-RMA检验法,此方法将时间序列的趋势项与干扰项分离,然后用递归均值调整法对干扰项进行检验。仿真实验表明,SVD-RMA法对线性与非线性趋势、甚至结构突变过程的检验功效都非常好;对非线性趋势平稳的检验而言,SVD-RMA检验得到正确结论的可能性要远远好于ADF与PP检验。     

非线性财政政策效应下财政赤字 可持续性研究

 财政赤字可持续性检验往往采用线性协整技术来验证跨期预算约束是否成立，但这一检验方法是基于财政政策效应是线性效应理论之上的。在现实中，财政政策既具有凯恩斯效应也具有非凯恩斯效应，财政政策效应是非线性的，财政收支的调整过程也是非线性非对称的。用传统的线性协整技术难以描述财政赤字可持续性过程，本文分析探讨一种用于揭示非平稳时间序列非线性调整过程的模型——两机制门限协整模型，深入研究了该模型的参数估计、检验统计量，并通过自助法(bootstrap)模拟计算其检验统计量临界值及P值。最后利用该模型，揭示了我国财政收支调整是非线性调整过程，并证实了我国财政赤字具有可持续性，但财政赤字规模不应进一步扩大。     

中国黄金市场的非线性和确定性检验

混沌普遍存在于现代金融市场中,非线性和确定性是时间序列存在混沌的重要前提,而中国黄金市场这一新兴市场在此方面的研究仍是空白。文章以上海黄金交易所黄金现货日收盘价格序列作为研究对象,对数据进行收益率和对数线性去趋势平稳化处理,然后运用R/S分析来检验其非线性,发现上海黄金价格序列具有非线性和分形特征,但其后的BDS定量检验表明其非线性特征并不显著。最后运用递归图方法进行确定性检验,得出该系统具有一定确定性的结论。因此相较于传统的线性分析方法,对于我国黄金市场价格序列,采用非线性确定性模型进行分析预测可能更加有效。非线性和确定性的存在也表明我国黄金市场可能具有混沌特性,从而为今后对我国黄金价格的初值敏感性和奇异吸引子存在性等混沌特征进行分析,并进一步构筑混沌预测模型打下基础。     

非线性协和模型：理论与方法

 本文系统梳理了十多年来非线性协和理论与方法的研究进展,从非线性协和概念的提出开始,对目前已给出的非线性协和的各种不同定义、具有非线性结构的时间序列的非平稳性检验、非线性协和关系的检验、非线性协和模型的参数与非参数估计方法、门限协和模型、以及非线性误差修正模型的研究状况进行了总结。     

中国国家财政支农支出的时间序列分析

一、模型与数据的选择时间序列模型可以分为平稳的时间序列模型和非平稳时间序列。一个平稳的时间序列要求其数字特征如均值、方差和协方差等不随时间的变化而变化。而且在各个时间点上的时间序列服从一定的概率分布。相反,非平稳时间序列的数字特征随时间的变化而变化,各个点上的随机规律也是变化的,可见非平稳时间序列较平稳时间序列更没有规律,用于预测更困难,而在现实中遇到的经济和金融数据大多数是非平稳的时间     

时序模型分析在经济预测中的应用

时间序列分析方法主要就是建立模型,目的是为了描述时间序列中产生数据的随机机制与趋势,以此模型来判断在某一时间或随机机制下会发生的数据达到预测和控制的目的。时间序列可分为平稳的时间序列和非平稳的时间序列,大部分经济时间序列为平稳的时间序列。对于平稳的时间序列进     

ARCH族模型在深沪A股中的应用

经典的最小二乘回归假定随机残差序列无自相关,误差的方差为一常数.然而研究金融市场时却发现,大多数时间序列往往具有变方差的特征,即在某些时期的波动十分剧烈,而另一些时期的波动又相对平稳,为了模拟这种波动,提高预测精度,1982年Engle提出了方差随时间变化的自回归条件异方差ARCH模型,Bollerslev又于1986年进一步提出了广义自回归条件异方差GARCH模型,此后,ARCH模型的一些扩展模型也被相继提出,如ARCH-M模型,GARCH-M模型,EGARCH模型等,形成ARCH族模型,并在解释货币和金融时间序列的行为中得到广泛应用.     

人民币实际有效汇率波动的特征

在过去的20年里,非线性时间序列模型发展迅速,正日益广泛的被应用于各种经济时间序列特别是金融时间序列变量的研究.其中,STAR(Smooth Transition AR)模型,即平滑转换自回归模型就是非常重要的非线性领域转换模型.STAR模型首先是由Terasvirta& Anderson(1992)提出,后经Granger& Terasvirta(1993)和Terasvirta(1994)对模型的估计及统计特征进行了考察.尽管如此,在模型的应用方面,国内外都很少有将STAR模型应用于实际汇率特别是实际有效汇率的研究,而Michael(1997),N.Sarantis(1999)在这方面的研究也主要是针对发达国家.     

时间序列分析的一个重要问题及其解决方法

文章考虑非平稳时间序列的一种特殊情形:d-1次差分不平稳,但d次差分是白噪声。推导出这样的序列是一个适宜的非平稳AR(d)模型。得到的结论是:对方差齐性的时间序列,总可以建立模型ARIMA(p,d,q)。文章以中国历年年末人口序列(1970~2009年)为例,建立了一个非平稳的AR(2)模型,并对此模型进行样本容量为10000次的Monte Carlo模拟,表明模型是稳定的。     

基于自适应组LASSO估计的高维门限因子模型一致选择

门限因子模型设定载荷具有阈值型区制转换结构,可以同时刻画高维时间序列的共变性和区制转换特征。针对高维门限因子模型,本文基于自适应组LASSO技术给出了一种一致模型选择过程。这一模型选择过程将因子个数设定、门限效应推断纳入统一的分析框架,不仅解决了模型选择的一致性问题,还同时实现了模型选择误差的统一控制,这对于高维门限因子模型而言是非常重要的。理论研究和随机模拟结论表明本文给出的一致模型选择过程具有良好的大样本性质和有限样本表现。最后,本文将门限因子模型应用于我国金融市场分析,实证结果进一步验证了本文理论的有效性。     

网上银行发展中的相关因素分析——基于TAM理论

基于技术接受理论(TAM)构建了网上银行客户采纳模型,运用问卷调查的数据对此模型进行了验证。结果表明:网上银行的技术接受模型得到了验证;个人创新特质和感知安全性对网上银行使用意向有显著的影响;将个人创新特质、感知安全性与TAM理论结合起来,在一定程度上可以更好地解释客户网上银行的使用行为。     

Construction of improved estimators of multinomial proportions

The improved large sample estimation theory for the probabilities of multi¬nomial distribution is developed under uncertain prior information (UPI) that the true proportion is a known quantity. Several estimators based on pretest and the Stein-type shrinkage rules are constructed. The expressions for the bias and risk of the proposed estimators are derived and compared with the maximum likelihood (ml) estimators. It is demonstrated that the shrinkage estimators are superior to the ml estimators. It is also shown that none of the preliminary test and shrinkage estimators dominate each other, though they perform y/ell relative to the ml estimators. The relative dominance picture of the estimators is presented. A simulation study is carried out to assess the performance of the estimators numerically in small samples.     

A class of generalized ridge estimators

Presence of collinearity among the explanatory variables results in larger standard errors of parameters estimated. When multicollinearity is present among the explanatory variables, the ordinary least-square (OLS) estimators tend to be unstable due to larger variance of the estimators of the regression coefficients. As alternatives to OLS estimators few ridge estimators are available in the literature. This article presents some of the popular ridge estimators and attempts to provide (i) a generalized class of ridge estimators and (ii) a modified ridge estimator. The performance of the proposed estimators is investigated with the help of Monte Carlo simulation technique. Simulation results indicate that the suggested estimators perform better than the ordinary least-square (OLS) estimators and other estimators considered in this article.     

Marshall–Olkin distribution: parameter estimation and application to cancer data

In this study, as alternatives to the maximum likelihood (ML) and the frequency estimators, we propose robust estimators for the parameters of Zipf and Marshall–Olkin Zipf distributions. A small simulation study is given to illustrate the performance of the proposed estimators. We apply the proposed estimators to a real data set from cancer research to illustrate the performance of the proposed estimators over the ML, moments and frequency estimators. We observe that the robust estimators have superiority over the frequency estimators based on classical sample mean.     

Edgeworth Expansion and Bootstrap Approximation for Studentized Product-Limit Estimator with Truncated and Censored Data

The Yule-Walker estimators of the AR coefficients of a causal multidimensional AR model are obtained by replacing the autocovariances with their estimators in the Yule-Walker equations. It is shown that only unbiased-type estimators of the autocovariances yield consistency of the Yule-Walker estimators. Also, the asymptotic joint distribution of the Yule-Walker estimators is presented.     

Improved estimation of quantiles of two normal populations with common mean and ordered variances

Abstract

Estimation of quantiles from two normal populations is considered under the assumption of common mean and ordered variances. Several new estimators have been proposed using certain estimators of the common mean, including the plug-in type restricted MLE. A sufficient condition for improving equivariant estimators is proved and as a result improved estimators are derived. The percentage of risk improvements for each of the improved estimators have been computed numerically, which are quite significant. All the improved estimators have been compared numerically using Monte-Carlo simulation method. Finally, recommendations have been made for the use of estimators in practice.     

On estmation of poisson lovits

Simultaneous estimation of poisson logits is considered in a 2xp contingency table under entropy loss. Classical estimators, which are corrected versions of the maximum likeihood estimators, are obtained as generalized Bayes and empirical Bayes estimators. Finally, improved estimators are obtained which domicate the generalized Bayes estimators.     

Generalized ratio-type and ratio-exponential-type estimators for population mean under modified Horvitz-Thompson estimator in adaptive cluster sampling

In the present article, we propose the generalized ratio-type and generalized ratio-exponential-type estimators for population mean in adaptive cluster sampling (ACS) under modified Horvitz-Thompson estimator. The proposed estimators utilize the auxiliary information in combination of conventional measures (coefficient of skewness, coefficient of variation, correlation coefficient, covariance, coefficient of kurtosis) and robust measures (tri-mean, Hodges-Lehmann, mid-range) to increase the efficiency of the estimators. Properties of the proposed estimators are discussed using the first order of approximation. The simulation study is conducted to evaluate the performances of the estimators. The results reveal that the proposed estimators are more efficient than competing estimators for population mean in ACS under both modified Hansen-Hurwitz and Horvitz-Thompson estimators.     

Estimation of a population size through capture-mark-recapture method: a comparison of various point and interval estimators

This article deals with the estimation of a fixed population size through capture-mark-recapture method that gives rise to hypergeometric distribution. There are a few well-known and popular point estimators available in the literature, but no good comprehensive comparison is available about their merits. Apart from the available estimators, an empirical Bayes (EB) estimator of the population size is proposed. We compare all the point estimators in terms of relative bias and relative mean squared error. Next, two new interval estimators – (a) an EB highest posterior distribution interval and (b) a frequentist interval estimator based on a parametric bootstrap method, are proposed. The comparison is then carried among the two proposed interval estimators and interval estimators derived from the currently available estimators in terms of coverage probability and average length (AL). Based on comprehensive numerical results, we rank and recommend the point estimators as well as interval estimators for practical use. Finally, a real-life data set for a green treefrog population is used as a demonstration for all the methods discussed.     

Estimation for the three-parameter inverse gaussian distribution

The three-parameter inverse Gaussian distribution is defined and moment estimators and maximum likelihood estimators are obtained. The moment estimators are found in closed form and their asymprotic normality is proven. A sufficient condition is provided for the existence of the maximum likelihood estimators.