老年社会工作在养老机构中的应用探讨

随着人口老化,越来越多的国家政府开始正视老龄问题。而作为社会福利服务的重要组成部分,老年社会工作更日益受到重视。我国内地老年社会工作的发展却很滞后,大多数养老机构对于老年社会工作如何介入没有一个清晰的认识。这是由于我国内地社会工作发展较晚,相关的研究和实践都不是很充分的缘故。本文以笔者的实践经历为基础,从老年社会工作在养老机构服务中的角色、相处原则与介入的模式,尝试探讨老年社会工作在养老机构中的应用。     

社会养老服务体系下的老年社会工作本土化探索

本文通过梳理社会养老服务体系提出的发展过程,探讨了社会养老服务体系下老年社会工作本土化的可行性和必要性.我国现有的本土化模式有嵌入式、新生式和合作式三种,然而相关条例制定仍过于宏观,对老年社会工作的迫切需求与实际投入不成比例,工作者整体服务质量有待提高,且区域发展不平衡.针对这些问题,笔者提出应该借助社会养老体系建设发展机遇,完善老年社会工作政策;加快老年社会工作职业化建设,提高专业人才待遇;注重老年社会工作本土化教育,促进本土实践专业化;缩小地区差异,加快农村地区的发展     

农村老年人进城养老：挑战及社会工作干预

农村老年人进城养老是随着中国城市化和农村老年人口分化而出现的社会养老新问题。农村老年人进城养老对现行的家庭养老、机构养老、社区照顾等养老模式形成挑战。应对农村老年人进城养老问题,在制度层面需取消城乡二元户籍限制;在养老服务理念和方式上则需社会工作的介入和干预。     

社会工作如何介入居家养老——社会工作者在社区居家养老中的作用

[核心提示]为了应对“白发浪潮”引发的日益凸显的社会问题。当前,全国各地正在推进社区居家养老,养老工作的重心从原先的机构转移到社区和家庭。于是,一个社工如何介入社区居家养老的问题便提到了我们面前。南开大学陈钟林教授的回答是,社会工作者的专业价值观和专业技能决定了他们在居家养老的实务中将发挥重要作用。社工介入的方式有：生活照料、精神慰藉、组织活动,政策咨询、协调社会资源,发展老年社会工作理论。深圳市鹏星社会工作服务社的杨婷婷、徐晗则以自身在“德福中心”做实务的感悟,分析了居家养老工作中的社会工作如何介入问题。值得读者重视。     

浅谈老年产业的发展

老年产业应包括：照护服务（包括机构、社区、居家）、老年医疗服务、老年餐饮服务、老年用品服务、物业保洁服务、养老护理技能培训服务、心理健康服务等。目前我国老年产业尚属起步阶段，各种形式的服务在专业化、规模化方面都很欠缺。资料显示：     

文化传统：老年社会工作的成长基因

发展中国的老年社会工作不能脱离固有的文化传统,中西养老文化的明显差异决定了老年社会工作的不同发展路径。应以社区照顾缝合居家养老的“硬肋”,找准老年社会工作的微观着力点,这样才能够发展出本土化的老年社会工作模式。     

机构养老中社工元素的融入——基于南昌市X老年中心实践的思考

专业的社会工作者和社会工作专业方法融入养老机构,需结合国情和养老机构本身拥有的资源,对其加以发掘,在此基础上寻求合理的途径将专业社工融入机构养老工作中,从而更好的发展老年事业,促进老年事业和老年社会工作的专业化、全面化发展。     

养老机构社会工作如何实现“三化”

对于养老机构来说,社会工作在提高机构服务专业化水平,创新机构管理和服务模式,构建和谐机构中的重要作用日益被认同和重视.然而如何才能更好地推动养老机构社会工作发展,提高社会工作的专业化、职业化、社会化水平则成为机构管理者和社会工作者所必须共同思考的问题.     

体验式学习在参与乡村养老中的实践研究 ——以《老年社会工作》课程为例

人口老龄化是我国社会发展的必然趋势,培养专业老年社会工作人才是积极应对这一基本国情的重要举措.《老年社会工作》课程是培养老年社工专业人才的具体途径之一,鉴于体验式学习与该课程的高度契合性,让学生参与到乡村养老服务中亲身认知、感悟教学内容,促使其主动地理解并建构理论知识,提升实务能力,以探索体验式学习在参与乡村养老中的实...     

西部农村老年社会工作的实践探讨

我国西部农村社会的快速老龄化及养老支持体系的缺失,为社会工作在西部农村社会的发展提供了机遇。社会工作如何在本土化的过程中服务于西部农村老人,在服务的过程中如何架构其实践模式都是我们必须讨论的问题。     

探讨医务社会工作在社区养老中的作用

社区是老年人生活和活动的主要场所,在提供养老服务方面具有很大优势。由于政府投入社区养老的资源有限和人们观念认识等方面的问题,使得社区养老没有达到预期的效果,即没有满足老年人的有效需求,特别是老年人的医疗需求,使得老年养老问题再次陷入困境。医务社工的介入,是解决当前社区养老中追切需要解决的问题的有效元素,也是使得社区养老资源发挥更大效用的关键因素。     

Racial Differences in Family Burden

This article examines the clinical implications for social work practice of the differential impact of caregiving strain according to race. Data for this report is drawn from a study of 810 patients in a community-based geriatric assessment center. Although this research found no essential difference, based on race, in the experience of family burden as a social problem, there was a difference within the interaction of race and the care for an elderly person with Alzheimer's disease. The authors suggest a classification scheme of specific interventions for different caregiving groups and subgroups, based on both race and relationship; these selected variables can provide more insight into possible vulnerable caregiving conditions.     

社会工作介入老年临终关怀探析

随着老龄化时代的到来和人们生活质量的提高,老年临终关怀受到越来越多的关注。社会工作是一项助人自助的专业工作,可以通过综合运用个案工作、小组工作、社区工作三大社会工作专业方法,对临终老人及其家属进行多层次、全方位的介入。     

Improving Emergency Care for the Elderly

Much has been written on the developing role for social workers in hospital emergency rooms but little has focused specifically on social work interventions with elderly emergency room patients in an urban teaching hospital. A group of fifty patients over sixty-five years of age, referred to social service for assessment and assistance with home care issues, is described. The emergency room social worker's role with these elderly patients is highlighted and three case examples are discussed. It is argued that social work interventions improve the quality of both emergency and ongoing care for this growing and often at risk population.     

Hospital-Based Long-Term Care Services for the Frail Elderly

This paper examines acute care hospital diversification into long-term care services for the frail elderly. The discussion focuses on five multifaceted roles played by health care social workers as hospitals develop long-term care initiatives. The need for an advocacy stance in both macro and micro aspects of care is stressed. Ethical dilemmas that arise in hospital-based systems are presented.     

Advance Care Planning with Residents in Nursing Homes in Singapore

With an aging population, the government is allocating more resources in the care of the elderly. Hospitalization may not be a natural desire of the sick nursing-home resident. Advance care planning is explored as a strategy to promote the right site of care, defined here as the most appropriate place that patients can receive treatment by medically competent teams at the lowest possible cost (Khaw, 2007). Advance care planning, when practiced with residents in nursing homes, comes with unique challenges, which this paper will illustrate. This paper also presents the multiple roles of a social worker in advance care planning and concludes with factors that contributed to effective advance care planning facilitation.     

Ethics of care and social policy

Care work is to a high degree equivalent with female work and has not, to any great extent, been of interest to traditional social sciences. Women's studies has however changed this, and today there is a broad academic discussion about care work as well as about the concept of care itself. This article reviews this discussion; the concepts of care and ethics are linked and given feminine content. With reference to studies within the authors' research programme: "Care for the elderly: conditions and everyday realities", results are then reviewed that show how organizational, political and ideological relationships affect the content and quality of care. Finally, European social policy trends and the consequences of new systems of paying for care are discussed from a gender perspective. The authors warn against a context-free coupling between women and an ethic of care, and show how neoliberal politics can use feminist "struggle concepts" to put women "back in their place".     

Long Term Care for the Elderly: the Community Care Scheme

Summary The article describes the full evaluation of the Community CareScheme for the elderly in Kent. The evaluation compared therelative cost-effectiveness of the scheme for clients and carerswith the range of services which would otherwise have been received.It is argued that effective case-management by a key workeris an essential feature of more effective home care for thevery frail elderly and that the case-management role is an appropriatemodel of social work for other long term care groups. The newscheme appeared particularly appropriate for the extremely mentallyand physically frail who were living with others and for theless frail, socially isolated elderly person prone to minorpsychiatric disorder.