供应链伙伴特性、伙伴关系与信息共享的关系研究

依据相关文献与研究假设,构建了供应链伙伴特性、伙伴关系与信息共享水平之间关系的理论模型.以广东省珠三角地区141家制造企业为调查对象,利用多元回归分析方法对供应链伙伴特性、伙伴关系与信息共享水平之间关系进行实证研究.研究结果表明,供应链伙伴特性不仅对信息共享水平有显著的直接影响,而且还以伙伴关系为中介变量而间接地影响到信息共享水平;供应链伙伴特性中的文化相似性、资源互补性等维度对伙伴关系及其信任、承诺等维度均有显著的正向影响;伙伴关系中的信任、承诺等维度对信息共享水平及其作业信息、财务信息、策略信息等维度均有显著的正向影响.研究结果表明,不仅需要重视对供应链伙伴特性的分析与评估,尤其是对供应链伙伴的文化相似程度与资源互补性等方面进行评估,而且还要善于同供应链上下游企业建立重要的战略伙伴关系.     

网络能力、资源获取与新企业绩效关系实证研究

网络能力是在网络导向驱动下,利用关系技巧和合作技巧进行一系列网络构建和网络管理活动,以实现资源获取目标的能力.在中国转型经济时期,网络能力对于新企业克服资源约束,实现生存和成长具有重要作用.拓展了网络能力的理论内涵,将网络能力划分为网络导向、网络构建和网络管理三个维度,建立了网络能力、资源获取与新创企业绩效关系模型,以322家新企业为样本进行实证分析.研究结果表明,网络导向对网络构建和网络管理具有显著正影响,网络构建和网络管理对知识资源获取和运营资源获取具有正影响,知识资源与新企业绩效显著正相关,知识资源获取对运营资源获取具有正影响.研究结论还表明运营资源对新企业绩效无显著影响,但知识资源可以加强两者之间关系,说明新企业只有具备很强的资源管理能力才能将运营资源转化为企业绩效.     

A two-study investigation of item wording effects on leader–follower convergence in descriptions of the leader–member exchange (LMX) relationship

The leader–member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership focuses on the quality of relationships built between leaders and subordinates; LMX measures are designed to assess the quality of these relationships. Since the leader and subordinate are jointly embedded in the relationship, it is reasonable to assume that their ratings of their relationship will converge to some reasonable extent. However, leader–member convergence on the most widely used measures, the LMX-7 and SLMX-7 scales, has historically been low. To address this, we conduct two studies to investigate whether item wording and content might be a cause of poor LMX convergence. The obtained results support the conclusion that the wording and content of these measures are, in fact, introducing attributional and social desirability biases into the rating process and causing some of the poor LMX convergence that is commonly seen. Implications for extant and future LMX research are discussed.     

人员流动对组织间隐性知识共享影响研究

促进组织间隐性知识共享是一个企业取得成功的关键.隐性知识和人与人之间传染病的传播途径非常相似,主要是通过人与人之间的直接接触进行传播的.文章受传染病动力学建模思想的启发,针对有人员相互流动的两个组织,并考虑员工的引入和离职,构建了两组织间的隐性知识传播动力学模型,给出区分实现组织间隐性知识共享与否的阈值,并对模型进行数值仿真以验证所得理论结果的正确性.从理论性定量研究的角度说明,在两组织间适当进行人员流动能有效促进组织间隐性知识共享,而如果人员流动不合理则会起到抑制作用.     

Supervisory procedural justice effects: The mediating roles of cognitive and affective trust

We tested a model in which two bases of trust mediated the effects of supervisory procedural justice. Two conceptually distinct mechanisms were proposed to explain how different procedural justice effects are manifested. Structural equation modeling results using 203 individuals with matched supervisory ratings from a cross-section of organizations located in Taiwan supported our model. Cognitive trust mediated the relations of supervisory procedural justice with performance and job satisfaction, whereas affective trust mediated relations between supervisory procedural justice and helping behavior at work.     

Organizational and supervisory justice effects on experienced threat during change: The moderating role of leader in-group representativeness

We explore the complex interplay between organizational justice and supervisory justice when predicting group members' threat perceptions in a context of organizational change. Based on the assumptions of relational models of procedural justice and prior research done in the multifoci justice framework, we hypothesize that the extent to which a supervisor is seen to embody and represent key in-group attributes will moderate the interaction between the supervisor's own interactional justice and the overall organizational procedural justice. Specifically, organizational justice is expected to decrease employees' feelings of threat particularly when the supervisor treats group members fairly and is perceived to be in-group representative rather than non-representative. We found support for this hypothesis across two studies, a cross-sectional survey and a scenario experiment. The findings confirm the particularly powerful role that an in-group representative leader's interactional fairness has in managing group members' responses to fundamental organizational processes. The implications for further research and practice are discussed.     

内部控制鉴证报告的信号失灵和甄别——一个本土化的实证研究

本文从内部控制的三个关键点——内部控制实施、评价和审计师鉴证——分析了内部控制鉴证报告的信号失灵原因和甄别工具,采用我国上市公司数据进行检验并发现,公司披露鉴证报告与否和会计信息质量无关,但披露高质量(声誉)审计师签署的鉴证报告,公司的操控性应计更低,会计信息质量更高。研究结果表明,内部控制鉴证报告作为传递内部控制信息的二次信号是失灵的,而审计师质量具有信号甄别的作用。本文结论不仅有助于公司制定有效的内部控制信息披露策略,还为内部控制信息市场的监管导向决策提供依据。     

Trust in management and knowledge sharing: The mediating effects of fear and knowledge documentation

Knowledge sharing within and between teams is of vital importance for organizations. The influence of interpersonal trust in general and trust in management in particular on knowledge sharing is evident. However, it is not clear how the relationship between interpersonal trust and knowledge sharing works. This study provides a better understanding of that relationship by demonstrating that fear of losing one's unique value and knowledge documentation have a mediating effect on the relationship between trust in management and knowledge sharing. Specifically, trust in management increases knowledge sharing through reducing fear of losing one's unique value and improving willingness to document knowledge. These findings have important implications at both a managerial and theoretical level. For managers, this paper emphasizes the individual's central role in the knowledge sharing process in terms of knowledge documentation and fear of losing one's unique value. On the theoretical level, this study provides empirical evidence for two mechanisms that help explain the effect of trust in management on knowledge sharing. In future research, this study could be extended to include other psychosocial phenomena that enable knowledge sharing in organizations.     

Large courts,small justice!: The inefficiency and the optimal structure of the Italian justice sector

An important problem in the public sector, given the lack of output prices and exit decisions to sanction inefficient units, is finding the optimal industry structure. We apply a novel approach to Italian courts of justice, a typical example of a small sector in the public domain but with important effects on economic agents׳ behavior, firm size, FDI, and on the overall economy. The suggested approach enables us to break down the aggregate court inefficiency into different sources and to investigate the optimal structure of the justice sector. Results show that technical inefficiency (lack of best practice) accounts for more than one third (38%) of total inefficiency, while size inefficiency (courts that are too big) is about 22–25%. The remaining inefficiency is represented by a sub-optimal allocation of inputs (30–40%). If reallocation is confined to macroregional or regional borders, then technical and size inefficiencies increase in relative terms compared to reallocation inefficiency. We suggest that, together with reallocating inputs by merging smaller courts, a complementary set of policy interventions would be to adopt best practices and split larger courts.     

质量成本各要素关系研究及模型建立

文章主要针对质量成本各组成部分间的关系以及质量成本与质量水平间的关系做深入分析研究。文章通过建立系统动力学仿真模型来研究不同质量水平下质量成本各组成部分间的关系;质量成本与质量水平的关系研究则利用灰色系统理论解决历史数据不足够多的情况下质量成本与质量水平间的关系,并通过灰色线性回归组合模型建立质量成本与质量水平间的关系模型。首先,文章分析讨论质量成本各组成部分间的三种关系模型;其次,为更进一步深入讨论不同质量水平下质量成本各组成部分间关系,文章建立质量成本各组成部分间的系统动力学模型;再次,文章采用灰色系统模型GM(1,1)与线性相关模型相组合的组合模型并结合新陈代谢处理方法建立一种更为优化的质量成本与质量水平间的关系模型;最后,文章通过案例研究证明质量成本灰色线性回归组合模型的准确性。     

建设性批评对领导下属交换的影响机制研究——避免公开批评的视角

以员工感知的领导避免公开批评员工这种建设性批评对领导下属交换的影响为研究对象,基于领导下属交换理论,以主管忠诚为中介变量,以员工自尊为调节变量,构建避免公开批评员工对领导下属交换的影响模型。通过对经历过领导批评的员工进行网络问卷调查,利用回归分析方法,研究员工感知的领导避免公开批评员工行为、主管忠诚、自尊以及领导下属交换之间的关系。研究结果表明,员工感知的领导避免公开批评员工的行为与主管忠诚中的对主管的奉献、对主管的额外努力和主管价值观的内化显著正相关,主管忠诚与领导下属交换显著正相关;但员工自尊会调节其感知的领导避免公开批评员工与对主管的奉献、对主管的额外努力和主管价值观的内化的关系,只有对低自尊员工感知的领导避免公开批评员工行为才与其对主管的奉献、对主管的额外努力和主管价值观的内化有显著正向关系,而高自尊员工感知的领导避免公开批评员工行为与其对主管的奉献、对主管的额外努力和主管价值观的内化关系不显著。说明领导避免公开批评员工这种建设性批评并不总能促进领导与员工关系的改善,但避免公开批评员工仍是最佳的管理实践选择。研究结论有助于深入了解建设性批评的影响机制及其限制条件,对业界和学术界均具有重要理论和实践意义。     

The moderating effects of value similarity and company philosophy on the climate-commitment relationship

The present study examines the moderating effects of two components of culture (value similarity and company philosophy) on the relationship between organizational climate and commitment. Moderator regression analyses reveal that value similarity has a direct effect on levels of commitment but does not moderate the climate-commitment relationship. In contrast, company philosophy is found to affect commitment directly but also to moderate the relationship between the reward and consideration dimensions of climate and organizational commitment. The results provide support for a culture-based explanation of commitment and offer some insights into the linkage between climate and organizational culture.     

The effects of coauthorship on the quality of financial research papers

This paper analyzes whether formal collaboration in terms of coauthorship enhances paper quality in financial research. Analyzing all papers presented at DGF annual meetings in the period from 1996 to 2005, we report the following major findings: First, we find superior paper quality of coauthored papers compared to single-authored papers. This holds true for two quality proxies, publication probability and publication quality (as measured by the original and the updated Jourqual rating). Second, the capability of scholars, measured by a citation measure derived from citations in Google Scholar, shows to be an additional important factor for explaining paper quality. Third, the employed methodology of a paper (e.g., empirical analysis, theoretical analysis) does not systematically affect paper quality. However, it is important to differentiate between empirical and theoretical papers. Whereas coauthorship shows to be a quality enhancing factor for empirical papers, this does not hold true for theoretical papers. Fourth, the origin of data is a crucial determinant of the publication success for empirical papers. In particular, papers which exclusively analyze data from Germany are published in less reputable journals.     

A moderated mediation model of the relationship between abusive supervision and knowledge sharing

This study uses the conservation of resources theory to examine the influence of a leader's destructive behaviors by investigating how emotional exhaustion resulting from abusive supervision affects employees' knowledge-sharing behaviors. Using a moderated mediation framework, this study suggests that organizational justice moderates the positive relationship between abusive supervision and employees' emotional exhaustion and attenuates the negative indirect effect of abusive supervision on employees' knowledge-sharing behaviors. The results of this study, drawn from a sample of 202 dyads comprising full-time employees and their immediate supervisors, support most of its hypotheses. The implications and limitations of the study, as well as directions for future research, are discussed.     

基于政府角色转换的企业政治资源、策略与绩效之间的相互影响

认为政府在企业政治活动中主要扮演3种角色--消费者、投资者和裁判员,而这种角色转换反映了企业政治资源、企业政治策略、政府合同、竞争性战略与企业政治绩效之间的关系.因此,基于企业政治资源、企业政治策略与企业政治绩效相互影响的理论模型以及10个研究假设,以我国企业作为研究对象,利用问卷调查获得的数据,运用因子分析法验证并解释我国企业政治资源、企业政治策略以及企业政治绩效的类型与层次,采用结构方程方法对我国企业的这种关系进行分析,并验证了其中的大部分假设以及主要观点,对前人有关的部分结论提供了数据支持.     

The mediating role of distributive justice perceptions in the relationship between emotion regulation and emotional exhaustion in healthcare workers

This research proposes that the use of emotion regulation strategies by employees in the service professions determines their perceptions of fairness in interactions with clients, which in turn influences their emotional exhaustion. Based on social exchange theory and models of self-control, the investigation tested whether: (1) the type of emotion regulation strategy that employees use to meet the emotional demands of their job role partially influences their perceptions of distributive justice (i.e. that clients respond to their efforts), and (2) these perceptions mediate the relationship between emotion regulation and emotional exhaustion. To test this, a longitudinal field survey study of a sample of primary care workers in Spain (general practitioners and nurses; N?=?233) was conducted. Findings showed that the relationship between emotion regulation and emotional exhaustion was mediated by perceptions of distributive justice. A bootstrapping mediational analysis showed a significant indirect effect of surface acting on emotional exhaustion through distributive justice when inter-individual differences at T1 and when intra-individual changes between T1 and T2 were considered. Deep acting indirect effects were not significant for intra-individual changes. The findings indicate that employees’ perception of distributive justice has implications for understanding the impact of emotion regulation on well-being.     

Attenuating the negative effects of abusive supervision: The role of proactive voice behavior and resource management ability

While a large portion of the abusive supervision literature has examined the negative consequences of such perceived mistreatment, little research has examined individual-level characteristics capable of helping victims survive under such conditions. The purpose of this two-sample study, therefore, is to examine the factors that attenuate the negative affective and behavioral reactions stemming from perceived abusive supervision. Supported by recent extensions of the Job Demand–Control model (JD–C; Karasek, 1979; Meier, Semmer, Elfering, & Jacobshagen, 2008), we suggest that individuals who exhibit proactive voice behaviors and perceive that they are better able to manage their resources will experience less dissatisfaction, emotional exhaustion, turnover intentions, and reductions in work effort when faced with perceived supervisory abuse than those not demonstrating proactive voice and incapable of managing their resources. Cross-sample findings demonstrated support for our hypotheses. Implications for theory and practice, strengths and limitations, and avenues for additional research are discussed.     

The complementary effects of rationality and intuition on strategic decision quality

Rationality and intuition are important dimensions of the strategic decision process. Prior studies have viewed these as distinct dimensions, providing limited insights for our understanding of strategic decision processes. Drawing on the dual process theory and research on process capability, this study examines the interplay between rationality and intuition based on a sample of 103 strategic decisions made by service firms in Greece. The results suggest that combining rationality and intuition at the same time leads to successful strategic decisions. Also, the moderating role of environmental dynamism was investigated. We found that in dynamic settings, decision-making teams which combine rationality and intuition outperform teams which use rationality or intuition separately. The implications of these findings for theory and practice are important and are analysed in the paper.