家族企业继承者与非家族创业元老冲突研究

作为一种组织形态,在世界各国,无论是发达国家还是发展中国家,家族企业都在顽强地生长和发展着。在我国,随着对私营经济在国民经济中地位的认同,占据私营经济绝大比例的家族企业得到了长足发展。伴随着我国私营企业的发展,以家族企业为主要形态的私营企业也进入了"权杖传递"阶段,无论企业规模大小,改革开放初期发展起来的家族企业都面临着"权杖传递"问题。在家族企业"权杖传递"过程中,目前更多的研究侧重于家族企业内部创业者和下一代的冲突以及家族企业下一代兄弟姐妹之间由于     

我国家族企业人力资源管理问题初探

家族企业是商品生产中出现最早的企业形式,也 是当代企业群体中数量最为庞大、内部结构与关系最 为复杂、规模差异最大的一种企业形态。当今世界许 多著名大公司其前身就是家族企业,如汽车产业中的 福特汽车公司、化工产业中的美国杜邦公司等。改革 开放以来,家族企业在我国的发展突飞猛进。据调查, 我国民营企业中的90％以上都是家族企业。本文就当 前家族企业人力资源管理中存在的主要问题及对策进 行研究,以推动我国家族企业健康发展,使越来越多 的家族企业在市场竞争中做大、做强。     

中国家族企业传承问题研究——以梅花生物科技集团为例

改革开放以来，我国民营企业对社会的贡献度越来越大，对GDP总量的贡献已过半壁江山。90％的民营企业采取家族式拥有和家族式管理方式，属于家族企业。随着时间的推移，家族企业的老一辈创业者已步入古稀之年，家族企业面临传承问题，但新中国家族企业发展历史短，传承经验不足，使得企业传承现状不容乐观。但也并非没有传承成功典范，河北梅花生物科技有限公司就给我们带来了企业传承成功的经验，值得其他企业借鉴。     

论家族企业资本结构的研究

随着社会经济的发展,家族企业已成为最普遍、最重要的企业形式之一。现状不容乐观,必须采取有力措施,进一步促进家族企业资本结构的合理化,从而更好地发挥家族企业在我国经济社会过程中的重要作用。本文首先阐述问题进行分析,从内部与外部两方面优化我国家族企业资本结构的措施。     

路径依赖对我国家族企业管理制度变迁的影响

家族企业是我国民营企业的重要组成部分,家族化管理也是我国民营企业中的一种普遍现象。随着家族企业规模的不断扩大,有的家族企业能适应企业内、外部环境的变化,适时地将家族化管理转变为现代企业经营管理模式,从而跃上新的发展平台;而有的家族企业由于种种原因,未能适时实现管理制度的变迁,一蹶不振,直至退出市场经济的舞台。影响家族企业管理制度变迁的因素很多,本文拟从路径依赖的角度进行分析,阐述家族企业管理制度变迁过程中的制约因素,为家族企业的发展提供一点借鉴。路径依赖的基本理论从新制度经济学的角度来看,制度是一种使人类交…     

论家族企业的职业化管理

随着中国经济进—步向纵深发展,占全国企业总数28.72%的家族企业,一度表现出强大活力,受到世人的普遍关注。然而随着市场变革速度越来越快、竞争越来越激烈,完全由家族成员掌控的封闭式家族企业管理模式的缺陷日渐显现。因此,家族企业发展呼唤职业化管理。信用危机:困扰家族企业职业化管理的主要障碍在影响中国当代家族企业职业化管理的诸多因素中,信用危机可以说是一个至关重要的因素,也是困扰家族企业“职业革命”的主要障碍。产生信用危机的原因是多方面的,但主要原因来自以下三个方面:(一)肥水不落外人田:传统家族文化的影响。由于中国…     

人才策略与家族企业可持续发展

我国的私营企业大多为中小企业,且90 %以上采用了家族制管理模式,即所谓的家族企业。改革开放以来,我国家族企业在新旧体制夹缝和政策歧视中顽强生长,现已成为推动中国市场化进程的生力军,在国民经济中占有举足轻重的地位,并将为中国全面建设小康社会做出不可低估的贡献。但家族企业在为中国经济作出巨大贡献的背后有一个令人神伤的统计数字:家族企业一般寿命为24年,能持续至第二代的只占3/10,而能持续到第三代的只有1/10。家族企业能否持续发展,这无疑是适者生存的问题,是企业核心竞争力问题,归根结底是人才的问题。家族企业在发展的过程中…     

我国家族企业遭遇“生死大劫”

翻阅世界著名企业的发展史，几乎都是一部一部的家族企业史。美国管理学家克林·盖尔西克等人的研究表明，世界500强企业有40％由家庭所有或经营；全世界所有企业中，家族企业占65％～80％。有的家族企业历史长达数百年甚至上千年，     

家族企业谁来接班？

提到家族企业，人们往往会联想到家庭作坊以及管理混乱、唯亲是用、家长作风等问题。“一创、二守、三败”成为家族企业经营常见的现象，很大原因是在于接班人的选择。     

家族企业国内研究述评

无论是发达国家,还是发展中国家,家族企业都占据着重要地位,并且都在顽强地生存和发展着。有研究表明,由家庭所有或经营的企业在全世界企业中占65%到80%之间。据统计资料显示,我国以家族企业为主导的私营经济对GDP的贡献率从1989年的0.57%上升到1998年的7.37%;私营经济就业贡献率从1989年的0.07%上升到1998年的100.8%,私营经济吸收的劳动力超过了当年全社会新增就业人数,其中还有从其他部门转移到了私营经济中的劳动力。家族企业的发展有效地促进了国民经济的发展,缓解了日益严重的就业压力。因此,研究家族企业具有非常重大的现实意义。19…     

Back and Forth and Beyond

The Journal invited Tom Andersen, author of major pioneering work on the reflecting team, and his colleagues, to offer comment on The Reflecting Team Process in Training. We thought such a north-south dialogue was in keeping with the spirit of reflecting teams, and the team members in Melbourne and Tromsø agree — Editor.     

Time and aging--mechanisms and meanings

A recent European Molecular Biology Laboratory Conference on Science and Society entitled "Time & Aging--Mechanisms & Meanings" fascinated scientists from different research areas as well as nonscientists. Topics discussed included not only the biological aging process but also the psychological effects of aging and social influences that affect this process.     

Arts and Crafts and Reconstruction

Abstract

This paper examines the role of arts and crafts in reconstructing communities after times of upheaval, their use in creating employment opportunities, and their impact on the nature of South African art history. It looks at craft initiatives during and after the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, and draws parallels with early twentieth-century initiatives, particularly those of Florence Phillips, who founded the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 1910, Emily Hobhouse, who established Boer home industries, and the South African National Union, which promoted the manufacture and use of local products.     

Sexual Compulsivity and Sexual Behaviors Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Lesbian and Bisexual Women

Within the existing body of research, the information pertaining to sexual compulsivity (SC) among women, both homo- and heterosexual, remains rather limited in comparison to men. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SC in a community sample of gay and bisexual men and lesbian and bisexual women and to identify differences in sexual practices based on classification as sexually compulsive within gender. Supporting previous research, the findings indicated that gay and bisexual men were significantly higher in SC when compared to lesbian and bisexual women. Similarly, sexually compulsive gay and bisexual men were more likely to report drug use with sex than their non-sexually compulsive peers, suggesting that “party n' play” may play a larger role for men with SC. In addition, the findings demonstrated empirical support for the proposition that lesbian and bisexual women with symptoms of SC were more likely to engage in specialized sexual behaviors in comparison to their non-sexually compulsive peers. These data suggest that SC manifests differently in gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women.     

Evening and night work schedules and children's social and emotional well-being

ABSTRACT

An emerging body of evidence shows that parents’ non-standard work schedules have a detrimental effect on children's well-being. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated mediating factors that underpin this association. Likewise, only a few studies have examined the impact of fathers’ non-standard work schedules on children's well-being. Based on data from the Families in Germany Study (FiD), this study aimed to address these research gaps. The sample consists of parents and their children at ages 7–8 and 9–10 (n?=?838 child observations in dual-earner families). The data were collected in the years 2010–2013. Non-standard work hours were defined as working in evenings and or at night (every day, several times a week, or changing as shifts). Children's social and emotional well-being was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The findings show that both mothers’ and fathers’ evening and night work schedules are linked to an increase in children's externalizing and internalizing behavior and that this association is partially mediated by mothers’ and fathers’ harsh and strict parenting, with a stronger mediation effect for fathers parenting.     

History and the here and now

This paper explores the lesser-known histories and present-day realities of small towns and non-metropolitan areas in the internal provinces of South Africa. It is different inasmuch as it focuses on transformations that have taken place at the local level, and where possible, generalises from these, rather than following the normal route taken by social scientists – at least from 1994, which has been to examine them from the top down. One feature of such changes has been the growth of gated communicates across the length and breadth of South Africa, but there are many more. One reason for their anonymity is that their evolution has been gradual and corpuscular, that they have become unconsciously familiar and are left unexamined. Another is our collective preoccupation with the metropolitan areas rather than the smaller localities where such processes are subterranean and confined. This paper presents very briefly some of the results of the researchers of the Local Histories and Present Realities programme over the past five years, in 19 separate centres. It examines the history and present circumstance of chiefdoms of Ga-Mphahlele and reveals the surprise finding that much of recent and contemporary politics revolve around events 200 years old. An analogous situation has arisen in Venda as well as in Mpumalanga and elsewhere, where a combination of new legislation to revive chiefly powers, and land reclamation legislation have lent a new legitimacy to chiefly powers, and inspired hundreds of phantom – and time-consuming – quests. Another massive development which has gone on around us but whose internal dynamics have never been observed is the rise of game hunting and ranching all over the interior of South Africa. This is a monster subject which is likely to have influence on all of our lives into which our group is now in a position to offer insights. A change of equal proportions is the rise of mining all over the interior Bushveld Igneous Complex – Mokopane is a good example of this and the huge social consequences this has brought in its wake. One final theme which embraces all the communities that we have studied is the local histories of transformation – collectively the most important – since 1994. This is almost entirely hidden to a wider world, including the transformed positions of local Indian residents.     

Thinking and Speech and Protocol Analysis

Some form of verbal report—that is, a research participant' s concurrent or retrospective verbal account of thought processes during problem-solving activities—has been used throughout this century as the database from which psychologists have developed theories of human mentation. Newell and Simon (1972) and Ericsson and Simon (1980, 1993) have provided extensive justification for using one such method, protocol analysis, as a tool for investigating cognition from an information-processing (IP) perspective. Their arguments have characterized protocol analysis as a methodology capable of providing evidence of the ways in which people attend to information stored in short-term memory to solve problems, with the evidence providing them with the grounds from which to generate models of human cognitive processes. A different view of protocol analysis is available from the perspective of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) based on the work of Vygotsky (1987), Leont'ev (1981), and others, and its concern with the mediation of human development by culturally and historically grounded signs and tools. Because of its emphasis on culturally channeled development, a CHAT perspective views speech, including the speech that serves as evidence for cognition in psychological research, as a tool that potentially enables changes in consciousness. In this article I outline a CHAT perspective that accounts for protocol analysis along three key dimensions: (a) the relation between thinking and speech from a representational standpoint, (b) the social role of speech in research methodology, and (c) the influence of speech on thinking during data collection. The purpose of this discussion is not to refute the IP perspective on protocol analysis but to illustrate how this method can be viewed through a CHAT lens and to identify alternative assumptions that must be made to use it from a CHAT perspective.