Digitalisierung und Konvergenz von Online- und Offline-Welt

The increasing diffusion of mobile phones with internet access (Smartphones) enables more and more consumers to use the mobile internet. In addition, there is a continuing integration of location-based services (LBS). By means of Global Positioning Systems or WiFi-triangulation LBS provide context-aware information to consumers. This leads to a convergence of online and offline worlds. The usage of LBS delivers additional information to consumers (e.g. alternative offers or detailed product information). Therefore LBS do have an influence on consumer behavior. Particularly during the search process, information about prices or geographic distances, that are relevant for the purchase, are of importance. This study analyzes the relevance of location-based internet search empirically. Search costs are estimated on an individual level in a choice-based conjoint analysis using two different products. As a result, location-based internet search is considered to be very relevant for search and influential on consumer behavior. The study shows different consumers preferences and different search costs depending on the product. To conclude the study, the implications are discussed. The major contribution of this study is that it shows that offline and online search do have a mutual impact on each other. Furthermore, search costs are measured in a mobile context.     

Medien und Emotionen

Media and emotionsWhy do we cry, get scared and laugh in cinema? Some psychological foundations of media perception are explained. Among those are Piaget’s perspective overtaking and the theory of mind — a believe of what others believe. These theories make clear, why we not only accept sudden changes in perspective, but why they are absolutely essential for the ability to follow a story. Emotions are essential for the empathy in fictional stories. Describing the basic emotions fear, sadness, repulsion, anger and happiness we can understand how emotions are triggered and how those triggers are used in film and TV to evoke certain moods.     

Pensionsverpflichtungen: Ansammlungs- und Gleichverteilungsverfahren und die Prognose von Residualgewinnen

Assuming an infinite forecast horizon, residual earnings valuations provide in theory identical results independent of the accounting methods used. In practice however there is used a detailed planning period, covering a few years, after which simple growth models are applied. How suitable residual earnings are for the use in such a simple growth model, is substantially dependent on the nature of the accounting. Thereby the accounting obtains an impact on the valuation and accordingly on the length of the detailed planning period, necessary for an accurate valuation. In this paper these contexts are analyzed using the example of pension obligations. The amount of the pension obligations and the resulting residual earnings are substantially affected by the distribution method used. Concerning the two most important distribution methods, the projected unit credit and the projected benefit valuation method, it is analyzed in which way these methods respond to changes of the value structure-i. e. a modification of the amount of the pension-and to changes of the quantity structure-i. e. a modification of the number of employees within the pension plan. In particular it is examined which period of time both methods need-after a surprising change of the value or quantity structure-to generate residual earnings, which allow a valuation of the pension obligations with a simple growth model.     

Coaching und Mentoring

The program “Mentoring for female junior executives at schools” in Hamburg has the goal of recruiting more female executives for schools in Hamburg. As a headmaster of a high school the author has attended this program as a mentor. She discusses the following questions: What are the differences between mentoring and coaching? Where are the limits of mentoring? When is coaching the better method? The main result is, that the mentor has to be very attentively of his position as a member of the organization. He has to decide, if he can advise the mentee for example in conflicts with superiors or if a coach could do a better job. A missing link in the mentoring program is the analysis of the culture of organizations, because this is an important factor for a successful start into the new function.     

Externe Organisationsberatung und Schulentwicklung

External organization counseling and school development Modernizing schools by internal school development is an important issue in Germany. This article discusses the conditions for successful processes in school development from the view of organization counseling. Which conditions for external counseling are necessary, how does a professional process steering function, and which tasks external counselors have to fulfil in the development process? Because of the very high demands on external counselors and coaches, an competence profile is presented and the necessary frame conditions for the setup of a counseling system are discussed.     

Arbeitszufriedenheit und Energie

Focussing on energy as a highly activated affective state offers new opportunities to promote well-being at work and job performance. In this paper, I will describe current research on recovery, affective work events and characteristics of work tasks linked to energy. The practical implications for promoting energy at work are discussed.     

Zwischen Autonomie und Unsicherheit

The author describes, why the need for career counseling has increased what are the reasons behind it and which “type of client” asks for career counseling. She highlights some relevant developments in society and corporations and how this development influences careers. Examples of client biographies make visible, that job-changes are intertwined with changes in personal life and that these transition phases have their own pace and rhythms. She describes her process of counseling and how her process has – due to needs of her clients – changed in the last years.     

Anreizsysteme und Unternehmensethik

The article analyses the structuring of incentive systems from a business ethics point of view. The focus is on examining the impact of different types of social preferences on wage compensation. Besides the structuring of incentive systems, especially the effects of different types of social preferences on firm profits are analyzed. The paper systematizes important determinants for the impact of social preferences on the structure of the incentive system as well as firm profitability and provides an overview over the literature employing formal models based on a possibly general modeling approach.     

Coaching und Selbstentwicklung

If we work on the assumption, that the self basically influences our social perception and our way of thinking, feeling and acting, it is obvious that it has a key position in the coaching process. So self-reflection during coaching sessions is absolutely no luxury or symptom of weakness, but self-development and fostering professional competencies are in a reciprocal relationship. This thesis is theoretically explained in this article and thus a cognitive theory of the self is offered which might serve as a helpful basis for coaching that aims at problem-solving as well as self-development.     

Funktionslogiken und Handlungsmuster des Organisierens und ihre ethischen Implikationen

In this article, organizing is understood as a playful enactment of working processes by the involved actors. These “games” are determined by four logics of function and emerge as three action patterns. The combination of these two parameters results in a typology of actors in organizing. Dramatological insights into processes of organizations are demonstrated in two examples. The text includes ethical implications how fair games can be played.     

Rendite und Kapitalkosten

Zusammenfassung  Zur Bewertung von Investitionsprojekten mit mehrperiodigen Zahlungen werden die erwarteten Zahlungen mit geeigneten Kapitalkosten diskontiert. In dieser Arbeit wird gezeigt, dass die erwarteten einperiodigen Renditen nur unter bestimmten Annahmen die geeigneten Kapitalkosten darstellen. Wenn zwischen den einperiodigen Renditen Autokorrelation auftritt, ist ein zus?tzlicher Korrekturterm bei der Ermittlung der Kapitalkosten zu berücksichtigen. Im Falle unkorrelierter Renditen entspricht der stochastische Prozess der Renditen dem Prozess der Risikoaufl?sung.

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Summary  In this paper it is argued that the discount rates used for the computation of the present values of an investment project with cash-flows to be realized over several years have to be adjusted when the one-period returns of the investment project are autocorrelated. The formula of the correct discount rate is deduced. In the case of uncorrelated returns of the investment, the stochastic process of the returns and of the cost of capital are closely related to the process of the arrival of information over time.

Ich danke zwei anonymen Gutachtern für wertvolle Verbesserungsvorschl?ge an einer früheren Version des Aufsatzes sowie dem Verein zur F?rderung der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Lehre und Praxis am Finanzplatz Hannover e.V. für seine Unterstützung.     

Coaching und/oder Supervision

The author discusses the decision of the “Deutsche Gesellschaft für Supervision” (DGSv), that clinical supervision and coaching are the same. On the one hand, the problems in the market for the clinical supervision are comprehensible, but on the other hand, the formats have very different histories, different target groups and different images. Therefore the wording “supervision and coaching”—used like twins—is a confusing one, particularly with regard to a forward-looking professional development.     

Krisen in Familienunternehmen und Unternehmensfamilien Über parallele, interdependente Dynamiken in Familie und Unternehmen

How can the situation of a crisis in the two systems of family and business of a family business be understood and conceptualized? What does a business crisis mean for the members of the business family, especially for those who work there? What kind of mutual influences and irritations do these different, but closely linked social systems of a family business exert on each other? The article explores the field of crises in family business and business families and tries to answer these questions.After a first overview of some accepted concepts a general understanding of the term crisis for family and business in family businesses is developed. Based on the first results of a current research project conducted by the authors, the mutual influences of a business crisis and a family crisis on either family or business are looked at; especially the performance and role(s) of the business family in the crisis of their enterprise are analysed. Finally a model is developed, which serves to describe the parallel and interdependent dynamics of the crises in family and business of a family business.     

Coaching- und Beratungsanliegen von Hochschullehrenden

In the last few years, there has been an increase in coaching and training for teaching staff at institutions of higher education??universities and colleges??to provide them with the skills to develop their roles and meet professional demands upon them. These services are usually provided by the institution??s own human resource department or external higher education institutions with teaching services. This article focuses on the typical concerns of the target group of lecturers teaching at academic institutions about teaching and the higher education system. It has been structured chronologically, to provide a frame of reference for coaching and guidance counseling services and serves as a guideline for such services in general.     

Innere Bilder und beruflicher Lebensweg

This article gives an introduction into working with inner images. In the background of professional work and career there are inner images at work. They trigger which roles we take and which plays on which stages we choose or accept as meaningful. A Case study elaborately illustrates working with inner background images. Simple questions lead to relevant images, which influence professional life. A guide for interviewing and practical approaches can be found in the supplement.     

Feuer und Flamme

In times of high complexity and unpredictable future conditions, the Burnout phenomen increases dramatically. We show in our study “fire and flame” the high ambivalence of companies’ answers on this topic. 52 managers from the top and middle management level as well as HR experts were interviewed between May and August 2008. During our interviews we evaluated the leadership skills that are necessary to prevent Burnout from the beginning.     

Pay-What-You-Want – Praxisrelevanz und Konsumentenverhalten

Pay-What-You-Want (PWYW) is a participative pricing mechanism which is characterized by the fact that consumers have maximum control over the price they pay. We discuss the business relevance of PWYW and extend the findings of Kim et al. (2009) using latent class regression. Two different classes can be identified and transaction prices are explained by psycho- and socio-demographics. The estimation of the parameters shows that the internal reference price is a good predictor for the prices in class 1, whereas in the 2nd class the level of fairness and satisfaction with the product positively affect the final transaction prices.     

Erfolgsfaktoren bei der Integration von Coaching und Entwicklungsprogrammen

Success factors for the integration of coaching and development programs This article describes possible ways to combine coaching and development programs for managers, that are based on the author’s practical experience. Such a combination can lead to a more intense and more sustainable competence growth than each individual approach. Both coaching and development program benefit from a combination. Adequately, a high level of integration is desirable. Such an integration will be successful if the structure of the program allows for embedding, special characteristics of the target group are considered, non-threatening labels are used, and the coaches/trainers are able to build a coherent bridge between the single elements.     

Coaching im Spagat zwischen Praxis und Wissenschaft

Coaching between practice and science. Coaching theory and -practice are two sides of the same coin. As contrasted with the successful practice the theoretical and scientific explanation of coaching is still unattended despite the fact that serious coaching conceptions are to base on epistemological and scientific premises; and this only for the sake of practice. The text at hand will point out the limits and the possibilities to approach the task for answering to the questions of differences between science, theory and practice.     

Unternehmensbewertung bei Inflation und Wachstum

The valuation literature partly suggests distinguishing between growth based on retained earnings and growth based on inflation. It is not clear, however, whether inflation leads to growth and how to incorporate inflation into valuation formulas. Our paper analyzes this question using a model of a firm, which makes periodically new investments that are subject to inflation and growth. In contrast to some of the literature, we show that accounting-based valuation formulas must not be adjusted for inflation. Using nominal accounting numbers and historical unadjusted book values leads to the same valuation like discounting cash flows. We conclude that the valuation procedure, suggested by the German Institute of Auditors (IDW) leads to a deviation between accounting-based and cash-flow-based valuation formulas.