官员“微素养”

“我们正处在一个转换的时代——一个全新的交流时代正在代替老朽的、运转不灵的传播时代。”这是《微博力》中的一句话,这个转换时代就是以微博为代表的“微时代”。2011年初,本刊以“微动力”观察了微博对政府管理带来的影响和改变。如今,这种影响与变化或已成不可扭转之势。微博是一种“利器”,它不仅蕴含着巨大的正面推动力。也不可避免地存在着负面能量,这就给身处“微时代”的领导干部的能力、素质以强工作方式方法带来了新的考验与挑战。     

The politics of family leave

There are many who would insist that the best laws from Washington, D.C., are those that aren't passed. A singular problem with many of the laws that are placed on the books is that their intended achievements are frequently largely overcome by unintended results. Such may be the case with the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993. For all the good this law has done for those who need to take leaves of absence, it has added greatly to the woes of those who remain behind, the author says. Managers, she insists, will have to work diligently with the reactions of those who must accept additional workloads to accommodate the leaves of their colleagues.     

The politics of evaluation research

Despite enormous outlays of federal monies for social programs in the United States, many social problems toward which these funds have been directed have shown little remission. In some cases, the problems have worsened. Increasingly, social planners and administrators are being required to offer some proof concerning the efficacy of their particular program before Congress will refund them. Evaluation research has come to serve this legitimization function. Unfortunately, because of the nature of the political environment surrounding evaluation research, “objective” research often proves impossible. Even the most carefully designed and well-implemented evaluation is often sabotaged by political factors. The nature of the roles that various actors in the political environment feel compelled to play vis à vis evaluation research creates problems that directly affect ultimate research quality. This article seeks to identify the nature of this problem, how it is manifested in the behaviour of various people in governmental power structures and how an environment might be designed to reduce the political volatility of evaluation research.     

The new look of office politics

Is a sea change occurring in the organizational politics of health care institutions? How is information informally spread throughout the office? It used to be that gossip was the vehicle by which employees learned much about the organization's culture and news. But now, organizations are characterized by a growing faction of staff who are emotionally detached and have a "day-laborer" mentality. The grapevine is not as effective as it once was. Non-participation includes ignoring the grapevine both as listener and feeder. What implications does this have for your organization?     

The new rules of leadership and organizational politics

As the health care industry continues to experience unprecedented change, organizational politics are also evolving. Major changes are underway in the rules of engagement and how management and workers behave on the job. The new rules of the game include: Practice leadership, not management; practice inclusion with a vengeance; practice modesty and consideration and demand both; act on rumor, don't await confirmation; aggressively collect allies; understand the politics of voice mail; and know that position power isn't personal power.     

Hospice and the politics of spirituality

Within the hospice literature, spirituality and religion are usually defined in opposition to one another, with religion negatively associated with the external, authoritarian doctrines of Christianity and spirituality positively associated with the free search for truth, meaning, and authenticity. According to survey data, however, most Americans integrate spirituality and traditional religious commitments. The hospice literature is promoting spirituality to its own detriment by alienating potential patients and depriving religious patients of the resources that religious traditions and their affiliated religious communities have to offer.     

绩效考核政治结构及其对反生产行为的影响

首先,本文采用扎根理论并结合探索性因子分析,在中国文化情境下从评估者动机视角开发绩效考核政治的结构,包括平衡性、激励性、惩罚性等三个维度。然后,本研究基于社会交换理论探讨绩效考核政治各维度如何影响反生产行为。研究发现,激励性和惩罚性绩效考核政治正向影响反生产行为,且负向影响组织信任,组织信任在激励性、惩罚性绩效考核政治与反生产行为之间具有中介作用。最后,本文讨论了研究贡献以及存在的局限性。     

Gender,power and office politics

Abstract

This interpretative study explores the experiences of Taiwanese female clerical workers as they deal with office politics. A hermeneutical phenomenology is used to describe and interpret the participants' experiences. The study shows that powerlessness and frustration result from: (1) structural barriers; (2) behavioral barriers; and (3) accommodation and rationalization. This study has implications for research and practice in international area of women's studies and for the field of international career development education.     

Systems analysts and the politics of organizational control

The introduction of major information systems into organizations can be fraught with difficulties. The negative effects of such systems can, for many important organizational members, be too great a price to pay for the supposed benefits. The advent of computerised information systems has served not merely to deskill the clerical ‘craft’ but can also be used as a strategy by top management to reduce the management control gap. However, by undercutting the organizational ‘rules of the game’, information systems innovation can produce severe strains and stresses in the political system. The proposals in the literature to combat the effects of innovation are examined. A broader, political perspective is used to reveal some of the inadequacies of these proposals and supporting data, gathered from interviews in several Canadian organizations, are presented to illustrate this. The paper ends with a discussion of the implications of this broader approach.     

BDI指数非线性均值回复特性研究

BDI 指数是国际航运市场主要运价指数之一。文章提出了 BDI 指数“临界增长率带”均值回复理论,刻画其对数增长率偏离中枢的不对称性均衡运行规律。同时,构建了基于 3Ｒ-SETAＲ 的 BDI 指数对数增长率非线性均值回复特性分析模型,有效回避了现有均值回复测算模型不能直接划分阶段门限且精度较差、稳健不足、应用复杂等缺点。最后,实证分析了 1985 年～2015 年频度日/周/月的 BDI 指数的非线性均值回复特性,结果表明 BDI 指数调整服从三体制非线性均值回复过程,存在“临界增长率带”区域． BDI 指数日对数增长率主要处于内体制,周和月对数增长率基本在高体制内运行。低体制和高体制波动率高于内体制。低体制回复周期较短、高体制回复周期较长。     

Quantile and mean value measures of search process complexity

Performance measures of metaheuristic algorithms assess the quality of a search process by statistically analysing its performance. Such criteria serve two purposes: they provide the verdict on which algorithm is better for what task, and they help applying an algorithm on a given task in the most effective way. The latter goal may be achieved by an appropriate restart strategy of the search process. Furthermore, these criteria are traditionally based on analysis of the search step mean value. Our aim is to elaborate the mean value analysis as well, but via a novel and more general quantile-based analytic approach, which can be used to define new measures. We prove and demonstrate this purpose on three quantile-based performance measures.     

Power and politics in organizations: implications for OD professional practice

Power and politics are major factors that cannot be ignored by anyone interested in understanding how organizations work. Despite this recognition, the field of OD has been very slow in addressing these issues. Due to an increasing role for power and politics in organizations today, there is a need to assess and determine the implications of power and politics for OD professional practice. This paper provides a review of literature of power and politics in organizations, its sources and how it is managed. Considering the literature review, a discussion of the implications for OD professional practice is provided.