试论经济全球化条件下的大学生价值观教育

在经济全球化条件下进行大学生价值观教育,要充分认识价值观教育的作用,坚持社会主义集体主义的主导价值观,把信仰教育作为大学生价值观教育的核心,体现价值观教育层次性和递进性,突出强调高层次的导向,引导大学生思考全球性价值问题.为增强教育的实效性,教育者应准确把握当代大学生价值观特点,并具有开放的视野和现代化的价值观念,充分发挥社会实践在大学生价值观形成中的基础性作用,把价值观教育与情感教育结合起来.     

全媒体对大学生价值观的影响及对策

全媒体给大学生价值观教育带来机遇的同时也提出了挑战,在分析全媒体对大学生价值观形成的影响基础上,通过梳理大学生价值观的现状,提出在全媒体环境下大学生价值观教育的对策。第一,坚持以社会主义核心价值为指导,积极推进高校校园文化建设;第二,充分发挥全媒体优势,创新教育方式方法;第三,加强教育实践,促进价值观知行合一,真正将社会主义核心价值观内化于心外化于行。     

研究生社会主义核心价值观教育的价值取向和路径探究

党的十八大报告对社会主义核心价值观作了重要论述,提出"深入开展社会主义核心价值体系学习教育"的新要求。当代研究生作为社会精英群体,肩负着建设中国特色社会主义的重任,认真学习十八大对社会主义核心价值观的新要求,加强研究生的社会主义核心价值观有利于研究生更好的发展。文章从分析社会主义核心价值观的深刻内涵入手,结合高校研究生的自身实际,理论指导实践,积极探索研究生社会主义核心价值观教育的价值取向和路径。     

中国特色社会主义核心价值观研究综述

中国特色社会主义核心价值观要体现社会主义的本质属性,要体现马克思主义的本质内涵和要求,要体现中华民族价值观的内在要求,要符合人类社会的发展方向和历史潮流,符合时代特征和时代要求。建构中国特色社会主义核心价值观要在满足当代社会发展需求的基础上能够适度超越现阶段,以便引领社会未来的发展。本文从中国特色特会主义核心价值观的“建构、内容、相关关系、范式与表达”四个方面对关于中国特色社会主义核心价值观的研究进行了归纳、梳理,以期促进该课题的进一步深入研究。     

论以社会主义核心价值体系引领校园文化建设

任何社会都需要主导价值观的引领。社会主义核心价值体系这一中国特色社会主义的主导价值观能够引领校园文化建设,因为它体现了最广大人民群众的根本利益和意志,能够成为全体学生共同遵守的价值规范;是抽象性与具体性的统一;是传统性与时代性的统一;核心价值观与边缘价值观之间存在着辐射与聚合双向互动的规律。以社会主义核心价值体系引领校园文化建设,首先应该在校园文化建设中加强社会主义核心价值体系的宣传和教育,具体包括高举马克思主义的伟大旗帜,牢固树立并坚定中国特色社会主义共同理想,大力弘扬民族精神和时代精神,积极倡导践行社会主义荣辱观。以社会主义核心价值体系引领校园文化建设,就必须以社会主义核心价值体系引领校园物质文化建设、制度文化建设和精神文化建设。     

大学生信仰迷茫与价值取向扭曲的关联性及矫正

当代大学生信仰与价值取向总体情况是好的,但是有部分大学生信仰迷茫,由此导致政治价值观扭曲、直接影响人生价值选择、造成道德认识模糊。其矫正对策：充分发挥思想政治理论课的作用,为帮助大学生树立理想和坚定信念提供理论基础;加强社会主义核心价值体系建设,为大学生人生价值观和道德价值观的扭曲进行矫正提供良好的环境和氛围;大力加强思想政治教育载体建设,加大社会实践力度,促进大学生在社会实践中做到知和行的统一。     

从“交往性教育”探价值观内化的路径

价值观教育是意识形态深层次的工作,历来被各国所重视,更是为中国思想政治教育工作者所关注的一个焦点。社会主义核心价值观,它体现着全社会共同利益的价值诉求,但如何使其成为广大人们所认同和接受的观念,并将其内化为自觉的行动准则是我们当今教育者值得思考的一个课题。本文拟从哲学层面的交往理论为基点探索价值观教育及其内化的问题,提出了交往性价值观内化教育的现实依据和构筑交往性价值观内化教育的思考。     

当代社会认识中的审美追求

社会认识中的审美追求根源于马克思的在社会实践中“人也按照美的规律建造”的重要思想。当代社会认识的审美追求体现在三个层面:日常的社会心理;阐释的社会理论;决策的社会规划。在日常生活中,人们以美的眼光来感受社会的物质文明与精神文明。审美设计、管理美学、社会发展美学等新兴学科对日常生活审美加以理论阐释,在此基础上,和谐社会成为新的社会规划的审美理念。研究当代社会认识中的审美认识具有重要理论意义与实际价值。     

准确理解社会主义核心价值观的基本内涵

党的十八大报告对社会主义核心价值体系进行进一步的提升与凝练,概括出符合全国人民"最大公约数"的社会主义核心价值观。社会主义核心价值观的最新概括涵盖了国家、社会、个人三个层面的价值导向和诉求,是我党立足社会主义核心价值体系建设实践的重大理论创新。本文对社会主义核心价值观的基本内涵作出界定,这对充分认识和准确把握社会主义核心价值观具有重要的理论和现实价值。     

颠扑不破 弥久常新——论《讲话》对马克思主义文艺美学的贡献

尽管经历了半个世纪的风风雨雨,但是《讲话》依据中回文艺运动的实践而予创造发展的文艺美学思想却是颠扑不破、弥久常新,显示着无与伦比的生命力。《讲话》对马克思主义文艺美学的首要贡献,就是为中国革命文艺运动和社会主义文艺建设从理论与实践的结合上,确立了文艺为人民服务的最根本的美学导向,并正确地解决了文艺与革命,文艺与政治的关系问题,规定了中国革命文艺发展的政治方向。其次,《讲话》对中国革命文艺和社会主义审美创造的美学品格做出了精湛论述,深刻地触及到社会主义文艺的审美本质与艺术规律问题。《讲话》还从最广大人民群众的革命功利出发,提出并解决了文艺接受和文艺批评领域中许多重要的理论与实践问题,建构了文艺接受和文艺批评的完整学说,这是毛泽东对马克思主义文艺美学的独特贡献。     

Considering Improvisation: Play,Transitional Space,and Discovery

This article explores the concept of improvisation in the therapeutic setting as a complex construction when elaborated in the idiom of jazz music. A composite clinical case is offered that illustrates an impasse and how improvisational thinking offers a way forward. Improvisation has recently been conceptualized through the metaphor of theater improvisation, dance, and rhythm. The therapeutic hour is considered an improvisational dialogue with the main theme (melody) and counter melodies, and harmonic possibilities that underlie the rhythmic pulse of the hour. Improvisation requires a reflective/interpretive process that draws on patterns, structures, and experiences reformulated in the relational field of the participants. The client initiates the call and response pattern, from which improvisation emerges as a mutual process of discovery. A more relaxed, receptive, and reflective posture extends Winnicott’s 1971 notion of play to integrate classic understanding and relational interaction.     

Objective Tests versus Subjective tests

objective test has only one correct answer, while subjective test has a range of possible answers. Because of this feature, reliability will not be difficult to achieve in the marking of the objective item, while the marking of the subjective items is reliable. On the whole, a good test must contain both subjective and objective test items.     

Comments on the National College English Test

College English Test is an important national test for Chinese college students, this paper introduces the distribution of scores, time of examination, and analyses the four parts in CET ,such as listening comprehension, reading comprehension, integrated testing, and writing based on testing theories.     

Social security reforms in Kenya: Towards a workerist or a citizenship‐based system?

With social security provisions in Kenya remaining under‐reported in the more recent literature, this overview covers recent reforms in key areas of the country's social security system. In the health sector and in old‐age pension provision social security is still mainly workerist (biased toward those in formal employment), and attempts to expand coverage have had limited effect only – cash transfer programmes, for instance, have been expanded but in practice they do not universally cover the entitled categories. Thus, although the Kenyan social security system now has a considerable pro‐poor social assistance component it remains biased toward those in formal employment, to the benefit of the highest income quintile.     

Abstracts of theses: Smith College School for Social Work,July 1954

Abstract

Many clients relate in ways that elicit emotional responses in practitioners and may also feel pressure to intervene when appropriate action is not yet clear. Practitioners must develop sufficient self-awareness so their own reactions do not interfere with the work they do with clients. Educators exhort their students to be self-aware, but locating methods that foster the capacity can be difficult. Infant observation is an elegant training model that helps to develop self-awareness. The method described here makes use of regular observation, supportive small groups, and repeated detailed examination of what is seen in training both generalist and specialized practitioners. It has become a prototype for the observational study of several kinds of specific populations. Because it attends to people in their own environments and demonstrates a flexible, reflective, multi-modal manner of information-gathering, infant observation is particularly useful in the education of social work practitioners.     

India's Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Act: Assessing the quality of access and adequacy of benefits in MGNREGS public works

The extension of social protection to all has become a central policy objective, both nationally and internationally. A considerable number of middle‐ and low‐income countries have undertaken substantial efforts to extend social protection, while the international community reaffirmed its commitment to the extension of social protection through the adoption of the ILO Recommendation concerning National Floors of Social Protection, No. 202 (2012). This article reviews the legal provisions and the implementation of the Indian Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), legislated in 2005, and does so in the light of the more recent provisions of ILO Recommendation No. 202. Since its introduction ten years ago, MGNREGA has provided a source of income to rural workers, increased wage rates, achieved high female participation rates and created durable assets. India's local governance bodies, Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI), have been empowered and involved in the processes of planning and monitoring. However, despite successes, there have been considerable shortcomings in implementation. This article highlights two central themes: first, the innovative policy framework of the Act, which brings together rights‐based entitlements, demand‐driven employment, and citizen‐centred monitoring. Second, it assesses the accessibility and adequacy of benefits in the implementation of MGNREGA. We conclude that MGNREGA offers potential for South‐South learning, both in terms of policy‐design and implementation.     

From “Either‐Or” to “When and How”: A Context‐Dependent Model of Culture in Action

In this article, I outline a framework for the sociological study of culture that connects three intertwined elements of human culture (cultural motivations, resources, and meanings) and demonstrates the concrete contexts under which each most critically influences actions and their subsequent outcomes. In contrast to models that cast motivations, resources, and meanings as competing explanations of how culture affects action, I argue that these are fundamental constituent elements of culture that are inseparable, interdependent, and simultaneously operative. Which element provides the strongest link to action, and how this link operates, must be understood as a function of the actor's position within wider social contexts. I argue that on average motivations have the most discernable link to action within a social strata, cultural resources provide the strongest link across strata, and meanings have the greatest direct influence when codified and sanctioned. I then offer a reframing and synthesis that reintegrates previously “competing” theories of culture into a more holistic context‐dependent model of culture in action. Finally, I use evidence from prior empirical research, as well as new data from an ongoing ethnographic study of health behaviors among the aged, to show how various elements of culture are concretely linked to action in eight different social contexts. In doing so, I provide a roadmap for the transition out of the “either‐or” logic underlying much of cultural theory and reemphasize the importance of the classical sociological concern for “when” and “how” various aspects of culture influence action and outcomes in concrete social contexts.     

The gender gap in pensions in Latin America

Lower female lifetime labour market participation rates, greater interruptions during their working lives, and wage gaps contribute to create gender gaps in pensions at the time of retirement. The design of social security systems may reinforce or attenuate these gaps. This article provides new evidence on gender gaps in access to pensions and in pension income in four Southern Cone countries in Latin America and analyses their evolution between 2000 and 2013, showing significant improvements in both gaps, with differential patterns by countries. The decrease in the gender gap in pension income has been particularly significant in Argentina and Brazil. In both cases, the largest increases in pension values during the period correspond to the lowest income percentiles, where women are overrepresented. The application of redistributive policies in these countries, aimed at reducing poverty and inequality but not necessarily focused on gender equity, has had positive and probably unintended consequences in terms of reduction in gender gaps in pensions.     

A Man Can be Destroyed but Not Defeated

Santiago,the main hero in the Old Man and the Sea is characterized as someone struggling against defeat. He has gone eighty-four days without catching a fish,the sail of his skiff resembles "the flag of permanent defeat." But the old man refuses defeat at every turn:he resolves to sail out beyond the other fishermen to where the biggest fish promise to be. He lands the marlin,tying his record of eighty-seven days after a brutal three-day fight,and he continues to ward off sharks from stealing his prey,even though he knows the battle is useless. He establishes a great hero:a man can be destroyed but not defeated.