虚拟企业组建模型化的框架

提出了基于导航模型的虚拟企业组建模型化的框架结构,以保证虚拟企业组建决策模型化的集成和一致性关联.导航模型由双立柱矩阵构成,将虚拟企业的产品、过程、资源、组织、契约等要素联系起来,并与企业参考模型和应用视图模型关联起来.本文还给出了用于虚拟企业伙伴选择的立体质量功能配置模型的方法思路.     

组织内部知识整合的系统动力学模型研究

为了更好地探讨组织内部知识整合过程,提出了知识内聚程度的概念,并用其衡量组织的柔性、条理性和系统性;分析知识在组织内部整合的动力,对整合过程中涉及的因素进行了描述,进而提出组织内部知识整合的概念模型;引入系统动力学的相关概念和原理,建立了组织内部知识整合的量化模型。模型描述了知识在经过整合后组织内部内聚程度的变化过程,发现组织知识内聚程度的变化曲线接近于S型增长曲线,并通过分析组织知识内聚程度的影响因素,得出知识获取、知识契合及知识失效的变化对知识内聚程度的影响程度。     

基于协同商务的企业信息化集成模型研究

本文在分析协同商务与系统集成的关系的基础上,提出一个基于协同商务的企业信息化集成体系,描述了集成平台的特点、总体功能模型和运行管理模式。该模型能够很好地满足企业在实施协同产品商务时对应用集成的要求。     

基于JIT管理理念的仓库管理系统研究

基于JIT管理理念的仓库管理系统是一套以"看板管理"为核心,可以辅助ERP管理软件进行生产管理、采购管理等的企业管理系统。本文以软件工程的面向对象思想为准则,依据软件开发流程,对JIT看板管理系统进行了分析与设计,着重描述了系统的功能及主要业务流程并给出了系统总体结构图,同时给出描述系统功能的用例图。该系统在.NET平台下利用ASP.NET技术与SQL Server2005实现,极大地提高了仓库管理的效率,使仓库管理更加合理化和科学化。     

基于EPDM模型的数据查询与编辑系统的设计及应用

随着A1系统在油田的推广和应用,EPDM模型作为A1系统的数据模型,已经成为油田数据库建设的重要依据,其成果已广泛地应用在勘探开发地质研究与油田生产开发工作中。本文从用户的角度出发,以方便快捷地查询和批量维护A1数据库为目标,研究了EPDM模型数据表间的约束关系和数据组织特点,构建了用于描述EPDM数据模型的元模型和描述数据表间关系的关联关系元模型,用元数据驱动实现对A1数据库的通用编辑和级联编辑功能,可以查询专业数据库信息并形成用户个性化界面,根据用户需求定制数据交互视图及二次查询视图,符合用户的操作习惯,提高了A1系统的可用性,兼顾了已有的应用。     

管理的概念与行为控制

尽管管理学已有近百年的历史,但对管理是什麽,却仍然没有一个统一且准确的概念。管理概念的多样性和局部性,对理论研究、管理实践和管理工具,都造成不利后果。本文:①在分析中外管理学家和权威机构对管理概念的描述的基础上,对管理给出形式化的准确定义;②进一步指出管理的本质是对组织中的人进行行为控制和资源配置,并分析管理的本质特性;③对行为控制的方法进行讨论,特别是基于心理管理的方法对行为控制的重要性。     

技术管理与技术能力匹配对产品创新的内在影响机制

 产品创新是企业获取和保持竞争优势的重要手段。虽然在产品创新过程中技术管理和技术能力都具有重要作用，但是单纯依靠技术管理或技术能力不能维持企业产品创新的持续发展，能使企业获得持续竞争优势的因素还在于技术管理与技术能力之间的匹配效应。        基于匹配理论和知识基础观，分析技术管理-人员能力匹配、技术管理-设备能力匹配、技术管理-信息能力匹配和技术管理-组织能力匹配在产品创新中的作用，识别技术管理与技术能力匹配对产品创新绩效的直接影响和间接影响，构建技术管理与技术能力匹配对产品创新的影响机制模型。采取大样本问卷调查，收集122家装备制造业企业数据，运用多元线性回归分析对提出的假设进行实证检验。        研究结果表明，技术管理-人员能力匹配和技术管理-设备能力匹配都对产品创新绩效产生正向影响，相对于技术管理-设备能力匹配，技术管理-人员能力匹配对产品创新绩效的影响更大。技术管理-信息能力匹配和技术管理-组织能力匹配在技术管理-人员能力匹配和技术管理-设备能力匹配影响产品创新绩效的过程中起正向的调节作用。        研究结果发现了技术管理与技术能力匹配对产品创新的重要影响，为产品创新的理论研究提供了新视角；深化了对产品创新实现路径的理论认识，为技术管理和技术能力如何向产品创新绩效转化的理论研究提供了微观知识基础；识别了发挥技术管理与技术能力匹配作用的内在条件，从权变视角拓展了匹配理论的研究。同时，也为企业正确处理技术管理与技术能力间的关系、提升产品创新绩效提供了理论指导。     

使能技术集成对产品开发绩效的影响

本文以项目管理、全面质量管理、正式会议和标准与规范为组织惯例的观测变量。以技术集成、组织集成、产品平台技术、标准化与模块化为使能技术集成的观测变量。将产品开发绩效定义为产品上市时间和产品的质量与可靠性。探讨机械装备产品开发过程中使能技术集成对组织惯例与产品开发绩效是否具有中介作用。本文引用国际制造业战略调查(InternationalManufacturing Strategy Survey,IMSS-Ⅳ)数据库的部分数据以结构方程式建立实证模型。结果表明,组织惯例之所以能够正面影响产品开发绩效是由于使能技术集成的中介效应所致。     

组织和谐管理:基于人与环境匹配复合型视角

运用和谐管理理论和人与环境匹配研究的理论和方法,对组织和谐管理作出了概念定义和操作定义;评价了组织和谐管理的2个实践性操作模型;分析了组织和谐管理面临的理论挑战;基于人与环境匹配的员工-组织复合型视角全面审视了组织和谐管理研究,提出了理论假设,并在此基础上构建了组织和谐管理的实践性操作模型和量化实证研究的概念模型,为组织和谐管理的实践提供了可操作化的指导,为量化的实证研究提供了思路并奠定了理论基础,同时也在中国情境中对人与环境匹配理论进行了解析.     

基于XML的施工索赔标记语言CCML的索赔数据分析

工程施工索赔数据的管理是进行索赔决策的前提.根据索赔数据的特点和XML的技术优势,分析了创建施工索赔领域的施工索赔标记语言CCML来组织管理索赔数据的适用性;具体描述了索赔数据在CCML中的同构变换;并以应用实例为基础,深入分析了索赔数据的数据元素和数据结构,给出相应的DTD模型.     

高绩效工作系统、组织学习能力与企业绩效的关系研究

以往对组织学习能力进行研究的较多,但同时涉及前因及后果变量,从系统的角度对其进行的研究相对较少。本研究导入系统的观点,建立起以高绩效工作系统为前因变量,以企业绩效为结果变量的研究模型;对782个中国企业样本的实证研究结果表明,组织学习能力在高绩效工作系统和企业绩效之间起部分中介作用。本研究为高绩效工作系统以及组织学习能力的相关理论研究提供了新的视角,提示企业应与现代管理方式接轨,注重组织学习能力与各项人力资源管理实践相互协同的作用。     

市场机遇发现的支持模型及其应用

采用信息技术支持企业的市场机遇发现是企业信息化的深层次需求.本文从认知的角度分析了市场机遇鲻发现的过程、思维活动和领域知识,提出了支持市场机遇发现全过程的三维模型,建立了基于领域本体的市场机遇发现概念模型,提出并分析了其中领域本体实例生成与合并遗传方法,给出了应用实例.     

Path(ological) Dependency? Core Competencies from an Organizational Perspective

The development of the 'resource-based theory of the firm' has helped to reorient the field of strategic management towards a focus on the organizational processes and structures which produce 'core competencies'. By challenging previous assumptions of market determinism this approach seems to open up the prospect of a greater dialogue with the theories and concerns of organization studies. This paper aims to determine the scope of such a dialogue by developing an appreciation and critique of the core competencies framework from an organizational perspective. In this context, the key feature of resource-based theories is seen to be their focus on organizational knowledge rather than decision-making processes as the engine of competitive performance. This focus has a powerful resonance with studies of knowledge in organizations, particularly those forms of knowledge which are linked to product and process design.
However, despite the important shift towards a knowledge-based view of competition, the core competencies approach fails to follow the logic of its own argument as far as the organizational appropriation of knowledge is concerned. In their pursuit of an ontological model of competitive performance –defining the essential causes of firm competitiveness – resource-based approaches neglect the socially embedded qualities of organizational knowledge. As a result, the social construction of knowledge, encompassing the dilemmas posed by the employment relationship and the pitfalls of institutionalization, is neglected. Instead, a smoothly linear model is developed linking skills, competence and competitiveness. This mechanistic view is further reinforced by reliance on a command and control model of the management process. Organizational knowledge is not a biddable resource at the disposal of top management.     

Learning from the Piper Alpha Accident: A Postmortem Analysis of Technical and Organizational Factors

The accident that occurred on board the offshore platform Piper Alpha in July 1988 killed 167 people and cost billions of dollars in property damage. It was caused by a massive fire, which was not the result of an unpredictable "act of God" but of an accumulation of errors and questionable decisions. Most of them were rooted in the organization, its structure, procedures, and culture. This paper analyzes the accident scenario using the risk analysis framework, determines which human decision and actions influenced the occurrence of the basic events, and then identifies the organizational roots of these decisions and actions. These organizational factors are generalizable to other industries and engineering systems. They include flaws in the design guidelines and design practices (e.g., tight physical couplings or insufficient redundancies), misguided priorities in the management of the tradeoff between productivity and safety, mistakes in the management of the personnel on board, and errors of judgment in the process by which financial pressures are applied on the production sector (i.e., the oil companies' definition of profit centers) resulting in deficiencies in inspection and maintenance operations. This analytical approach allows identification of risk management measures that go beyond the purely technical (e.g., add redundancies to a safety system) and also include improvements of management practices.     

Knowledge Transfer and Knowledge Building at Offshored Technical Support Centers

This study investigates knowledge transfer and knowledge building at three technical support centers (TSCs) which have been offshored to China. Utilizing an interpretive case study approach, the study examined how organizational knowledge was transferred from the US-based onshore TSC to a China-based offshore TSC, and how China-based knowledge was built and expanded in a dynamic changing business context. A model is presented which was developed from qualitative analysis of the field data, and this model aids understanding of how knowledge was transferred and built at the individual level, the group level and the organization level at the China-based offshored TSC. The shared mental models of the people in the organizations helped individual knowledge to be linked to group knowledge, and then to organizational knowledge. The ongoing informal communication, close interaction and coordination between onshore and offshore group members facilitated the knowledge transfer from onshore to offshored TSC. The model presented also demonstrates the knowledge flow through knowledge intermediaries in the offshored knowledge transfer and building processes, and provides new insights into organizational learning in an offshored business context.     

物联网环境下企业组织管理特征、问题与方法

随着物联网、人工智能、智慧城市等万物互联的智能时代来临，在上世纪大规模生产背景下及其之后互联网背景下产生的传统管理学理论，面临着新的挑战，为此，本文以物流行业为应用对象，提出物联网环境下企业组织管理新问题和方法。首先分析了物联网系统和环境的基本特征，然后从结构、流程、行为和宏观环境四个方面，分析了企业在物联网系统、技术和物联网环境下企业组织所具有的特征和性能。基于这些分析，从组织的结构、流程、行为和运作四个方面，提出了物联网环境下企业组织管理研究的科学问题和新的研究方法。为物联网环境或智能环境下企业组织管理研究提供了思路并指出了发展方向。     

基于模糊信息熵的环境管理过程控制能力

建立了环境管理过程的闭环过程控制系统模型,用模糊控制系统表达环境管理过程中的不确定性,分析了环境管理过程的控制能力,建立了过程控制能力函数。将信息熵引入模糊环境过程控制函数的参数识别,建立了环境管理过程度量方法。同时,建立了环境管理过程决策支持系统,以实现环境管理过程的参数识别和能力评估。     

Flexibility configurations: Empirical analysis of volume and product mix flexibility

In this paper we address flexibility and investigate the relationship between volume and product mix flexibility. One view of flexibility is that of being a capability in itself; another view is that of flexibility as an enabler, providing the manufacturing system with properties on which other competitive capabilities are built. In this research, the latter view of flexibility is used, where flexibility acts as a second order competitive criterion. The aim is to differentiate between two dimensions of flexibility important to the manufacturing value chain, i.e., volume and product mix flexibility, and to investigate how different flexibility configurations are related to various manufacturing practices. A clustering research approach is used to identify groups of companies based on flexibility configurations. The groups are then analyzed with respect to characteristics and impact on operational performance. For the empirical investigation, we use empirical data from the high performance manufacturing (HPM) study, including three industries and seven countries—a total of 211 plants. We find that flexibility configurations based on high or low levels of volume and mix flexibility combinations show significant differences both in terms of operational performance, and in terms of emphasis put into different flexibility source factors.     

云制造环境下基于本体和模糊QoS的供应商匹配方法

云制造环境下的服务匹配具有资源数量大、语义信息不对称、QoS多样化和模糊化的特点,同时企业有自主选择匹配结果的需求。为此,提出基于本体和模糊QoS聚类的三阶段供应商匹配模型。首先构建本体模型和供应商服务描述模型,运用语义本体既消除了信息的不对称性,又增加了语义信息的完整性。此外,对QoS的多属性信息进行三角模糊化处理,结合模糊偏好和优化的模糊C均值聚类（FCM）算法按需聚类,提高了收敛速度和精度,得出基于匹配度排序的结果集合。实例验证结果表明：本文匹配方法较传统方法有更高的适应性和查准率。     

An integrated functional representation of concurrent engineering

A time-based competitive strategy is a driving force for enterprises that are striving to be competitive on a global basis. One of the methods to help in the time compression of the product development life cycle is concurrent engineering. Concurrent engineering is not only an approach that is used by the engineering function of the organization, but it is also one that crosses organizational boundaries. In this article an integrated functional model of the concurrent engineering process and its relationship with the product development life cycle is presented. A functional comparison to the traditional engineering approach for product development is also provided.