基于组织免疫视角的科技型中小企业风险应对机理研究

科技型中小企业对于技术创新和社会经济发展的作用极为显著,然而环境风险却是影响科技型中小企业持续健康发展的重要因素,如何应对环境风险对科技型中小企业带来的影响一直是理论界和实践界探讨的重要难题。本文借鉴组织免疫的思想,在组织免疫行为机制模型的基础上构建了企业风险应对机理模型,以一家科技型中小企业为研究对象,运用规范的单案例研究方法,对科技型中小企业如何应对环境风险问题进行了研究。研究结论显示,特异性机制和非特异性机制及其整合效应能够有效应对科技型中小企业面临的环境风险,非特异性机制主要有利于应对一般性环境风险,而特异性机制主要有利于应对关键性环境风险。     

基于免疫的组织健康捍卫机制建构:一个案例

本文借鉴医学免疫和健康的新视角,试图建构基于组织免疫行为的组织健康捍卫机制分析框架,探讨组织健康状态的理论维度和组织免疫行为如何捍卫组织健康状态并发挥作用的机制,同时,选取广东粤电集团沙角C电厂进行了案例研究。本文的研究揭示出,组织监视、组织防御和组织记忆是组织免疫过程的主要行为维度,而组织健康的理论维度,包括组织结构均衡性、功能活跃性、社会和谐性和环境适应性,组织免疫行为对组织健康有捍卫作用,任何一个要素和环节的缺失或失灵都会破坏组织健康状态,组织免疫系统的建立对于避免复杂系统的运行失败是非常关键的。     

CQI技术间断对其顺轨创新的作用机制——基于组织质量特异性免疫的中介作用及技术感知的两阶段调节作用

本研究基于技术轨道理论,分析了CQI技术间断对其顺轨创新的作用机制。利用萤火虫算法处理356份有效问卷,其研究结果显示,第一,CQI技术间断对其顺轨创新具有正向作用;第二,组织质量特异性免疫在CQI技术间断与其顺轨创新间发挥部分中介作用;第三,技术感知分别正向调节了CQI技术间断与其顺轨创新、组织质量特异性免疫间的正向关系,组织质量特异性免疫与CQI顺轨创新间的正向关系。本研究拓展了组织质量特异性免疫作用逻辑脉络和链条的两阶段调节作用,为组织提升产品质量水平提供有力的理论支撑,也为组织质量管理实践提供了新思路、新视角。     

基于组织特异性免疫视角的质量绩效提升路径研究——投影寻踪法和强迫进入法的实证分析

本文以组织特异性免疫为切入点,基于组织质量监视、组织质量防御和组织质量记忆视角,选取前因变量、中介变量和调节变量构建质量绩效提升路径的理论分析框架,采用投影寻踪法和强迫进入法对已构建的路径框架进行实证分析,得出提升质量绩效的路径,研究结论将为企业提升质量绩效提供理论依据和实践指导。     

学习型组织整体系统的构成及其组织系统与学习能力系统之间的关系

提出了"学习型组织的组织系统"的概念及其5个维度模型.然后,将该系统与"学习型组织的组织学习行为(能力)系统"相结合,形成了"学习型组织的整体系统",并分析了该整体系统中"学习型组织的组织系统"和"学习型组织的学习行为(能力)系统"之间的相互关系.同时,还开发了"学习型组织的组织系统问卷",采用223个企业样本数掘进行了统计检验,发现该测量问卷具有良好的信度和效度,其5个维度均与组织学习能力和组织绩效具有显著的正相关关系.     

浅析应急“非特异性免疫”系统的建设及其运作

论文以免疫的生物学基础为指导,对应急"非特异性免疫"系统,主要包括公安、消防、医疗等应急救援力量的建设及运作进行研究,着重对具体建设模式进行规范研究,并逻辑归纳出紧急情况下其运作流程,以期建立起了一个突发公共事件应急管理"仿生"系统。     

领导行为、组织承诺对组织公民权行为影响机制的研究

本文编制了结构化的企业员工组织公民权行为、组织承诺和领导行为的问卷,对企业的200名员工进行了实地调查.用积极主动维度、组织忠诚和帮助维度来衡量组织公民权行为;用情感承诺、规范承诺和持续承诺来衡量组织承诺;用支持型领导行为来代表领导行为.分析结果显示,员工个体的差异与组织公民权行为存在相关关系.支持型领导行为对组织公民权行为(积极主动、组织忠诚、帮助行为)具有积极的影响.组织承诺的不同维度与组织公民权行为的不同为也存在相关关系,而且不同维度之间的关系也不相同.     

组织气候对员工工作投入及组织承诺的影响作用研究

组织气候被认为是介于组织系统与员工行为之间的桥梁,成为组织管理理论研究中的一个热点.分析了中国企业组织气候各个维度对员工的组织承诺和工投入的影响作用以及企业性质的不同导致员工对组织气候感知的差异.研究发现,组织气候中管理风格维度对员工的价值承诺有影响,组织科层性、人际关系和管理风格三个维度都对员工的留职承诺有影响,人际关系维度对员工的努力承诺有影响,管理风格和人际关系两个维度对员工的工作投入有影响;另外,不同企业性质的组织气候各维度均值之间差异没有显著性,员工的工作投入和价值承诺的差异有显著性.根据研究结果为中国企业管理者改善组织气候、提升员工的工作投入和组织承诺提出了切实可行的建议.     

变革型领导、组织公民行为与心理授权关系研究

探讨变革型领导行为对下属的组织公民行为产生影响的作用机制,即变革型领导是否会通过心理授权的中介作用对下属的组织公民行为产生影响.采用结构方程模型的方法分析了变革型领导行为、组织公民行为以及心理授权的不同维度之间的关系,研究的样本包括高科技组织中282名员工以及他们所对应的领导者.研究结果表明,变革型领导行为通过心理授权作为中介变量对下属员工的组织公民行为具有显著的影响作用;心理授权中的意义性和自我效能两个维度在变革型领导与组织公民行为之间起到中介作用;关系导向和任务导向的变革型领导对心理授权和组织公民行为的不同维度产生影响作用的路径是不同的.     

上司领导风格对员工分配公平感与组织公民行为的调节作用研究

本文采用多元线性回归的方法,在控制工作满意度的基础上,分析了上司领导风格对分配公平感与组织公民行为不同维度之间关系的调节作用.研究表明:上司的创制维度对组织公民行为的不同维度产生独立于分配公平感的显著影响,对分配公平感与组织公民行为各维度之间关系没有显著的调节作用;而上司关心维度的这种独立解释能力要弱一些,对分配公平感和忠诚维护之间的关系没有调节作用,对分配公平感与OCB整体以及另外三个维度(人际帮助、个人主动性、个人勤奋性)之间的关系有显著的调节作用.     

非营利组织市场导向与组织绩效的关系研究

通过分析来自223家非营利组织的问卷调查数据,开发并检验了中国本土化的非营利组织市场导向量表,包括顾客导向、信息收集、内部协调、行动反应和强调生存5个维度.同时借鉴平衡计分卡的思想,开发了非营利组织绩效评价问卷,为研究非营利组织市场导向与绩效间的关系提供了可信赖的测量工具.实证结果显示,非营利组织市场导向对绩效有正向的影响作用,并且市场导向的不同组成维度对绩效的影响存在差异性.     

How organizations work: Taking a holistic approach to enterprise health

The factors that facilitate organizational learning have traditionally been analysed by organizational learning and, in particular, the learning organization literature. Following a literature review, we have identified fifteen factors. However, these factors have been considered as universal, in other words, applicable to any sector or industry. In this paper we determine the combinations of organizational learning facilitating factors in a specific sectoral context: the Spanish ceramic tile sector, through an exploratory and comparative case study of four companies that illustrate this sector. In addition, we relate the companies' combinations of factors to their strategies (Miles and Snow 1978). The study mainly reveals that: each business strategy category is related to certain factors; the organizations with the most facilitating factors are the most innovative (prospector and analyser); and becoming a prospector implies the distinctive existence of factors 1 and 2, which encompass openness to and capacity for innovative change, a culture that favours the contribution of discerning ideas and maximum attention to the environment.     

组织创新、组织能力和组织绩效的关系研究

构建了组织创新、组织能力和组织绩效分析框架,以研究三者之间相互影响的机制和路径,并以华南地区的194家企业为样本进行实证研究。研究结果表明:组织能力是组织创新作用于组织绩效的中介变量;组织能力的前因,来自管理创新的影响大于来自技术创新的影响;组织创新从组织能力影响组织绩效的强度,比从技术创新影响组织绩效的强度更强;组织创新对于组织长期绩效、短期绩效的影响路径有所不同。     

基于情感反应的组织即兴成因机理研究

在不断变化的竞争环境中,企业快速成长能力更多地依赖于临场应变的组织即兴。组织即兴往往是由情境变化所激发的组织情感反应,进而激活组织记忆和偏离原组织行动模式、并不断地适应新环境的组织活动,同时。本文剖析了组织情感与组织即兴行动之间关系,建立了组织情感会触发组织活动的即兴生成模型。模型研究发现,情感反应与组织行动之间的趋同性、组织情感反应的强度、以及改变行动的努力程度影响着组织即兴活动产生。最后,以星巴克的创新性活动为例进一步证实,组织即兴是组织情境激发的情感力所驱动的集体行动。     

组织记忆与组织遗忘对知识转移的影响——基于社会网络视角

以社会网络理论为视角,研究组织记忆与组织遗忘对组织知识转移的影响。构建组织记忆与组织遗忘角度的知识转移模型,探讨社会网络背景下,组织记忆与组织遗忘分别对知识转移效果和知识转移速度的影响。研究中发现,组织密度作为组织社会网络的特定属性会对组织记忆、组织遗忘产生影响,并间接影响组织知识转移效果和组织知识转移速度。     

Organizational innovativeness: Exploring the relationship between organizational determinants of innovation, types of innovations, and measures of organizational performance

This research study examines the relationships between innovativeness of firms, their organizational characteristics, and organizational performance. Previous studies that have examined these relationships have yielded conflicting results. A fundamental assumption of this research is that these conflicting results may be due to a narrow definition of the construct of innovativeness. This research demonstrates that by using a multidimensional measure of innovativeness, the reasons for the conflicting findings of past research becomes evident. The results of this study show that substantive relationships do exist between organizational factors, organizational innovativeness, and organizational performance. These relationships, however, are complex, and can only be detected if innovativeness is measured as a multidimensional construct. Each of the organizational factors examined in this study showed significantly different effects on each dimension of two types of organizational innovativeness — technical and administrative innovativeness. Further, the results show that innovativeness does improve organizational performance. However, each dimension of the two types of innovativeness affects different aspects of organizational performance.     

Psychological Approaches to Values in Organizations and Organizational Behavior Management

Researchers studying individual and organizational value congruence are concerned with the degree to which the values of the employee and the organization for which he or she works agree and the affective outcomes that more or less agreement might predict. While a robust area of research, the applications following from it are somewhat limited. This paper reviews the concepts and research findings concerning value congruence, discusses various behavioral interpretations of the values construct, applies those interpretations to the organizational level, and offers recommendations for how these interpretations might point to more successful organizational change initiatives.     

Organizational Learning under Organizational Impermanence: Collaborative Ties in Film Project Firms

In the last two decades a lot of research has been devoted to unveiling the processes through which organizations learn and store knowledge. This research is typically concerned with organizations lastingly engaged in the provision of goods or services. Permanency is usually presumed in order for the encoding of inferences from history to take place. But what if organizational permanency cannot be assumed ex-ante? Project firms represent an interesting case in point. A project firm is a transient form of organization that ceases to exist as soon as its single target is achieved, as such it does not exhibit stable structures nor does it exhibit ostensible history-based paths upon which to build its choices and nurture its organizational knowledge. This apparent paradox can be resolved, in part, by extending the view from the isolated project to the relational context in which project firms operate. Using longitudinal data from the U.S. feature film industry, we show that the process of organizational formation and dissolution that characterizes this context is underpinned by patterns of enduring collaborations among interdependent industry participants. We build on these findings to speculate on processes of learning and remembering that interpenetrate project firms’ boundaries, by being embedded within a texture of stable interpersonal ties.     

组织承诺影响因素的模拟实验研究

与传统问卷调查的研究方法不同,本研究采用情景模拟实验的方法来探讨影响组织承诺的各种因素,以及组织承诺对离职等各种结果变量的影响。本研究的结果和方法进一步加深了人们对组织承诺以及情景模拟实验的理解。     

Linking perceived organizational support with employee work outcomes in a Chinese context: Organizational identification as a mediator

Perceived organizational support (POS) is viewed as an important explanatory framework for understanding the relationship between employees and the workplace, and is regarded by some researchers as central in understanding job-related attitudes and behaviors of employees. However, less research has taken into account the role of organizational identification, which reflects how individuals define the self with respect to their organization, as a potential influence on such relationships. Drawing on a cross-organizational sample of 238 subordinate-supervisor dyads from the People’s Republic of China, we examined whether organizational identification mediates the effect of perceived organizational support (POS) on work outcomes including turnover intentions, work performance, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Results from the current study showed that organizational identification fully mediates the relation of POS to OCB-directed to individuals, and partially mediates relations between POS and other work outcomes (turnover intention, work performance, OCB-directed to organization). Implications for management theory and practice are discussed.