我国流动性过剩的成因及对策

产生流动性过剩的原因主要分为内部和外部两大类.本文通过对成因的分析,提出解决流动性过剩问题的措施.     

我国流动性过剩的成因及现状分析

2003年尤其2005年以来流动性过剩成为理论和实业界讨论的焦点,有关流动性过剩的内涵、成因、正负面效应以及相应的应对措施等研究众多,没有形成共识。本文结合中国特色从高位储蓄的角度研究我国近年来的流动性过剩问题,提出储蓄过剩我国近年来流动性过剩的基础,因此着重从调节储蓄的角度出发分析流动性过剩的原因以及应该采取的相关举措。     

基于托宾模型的我国流动性过剩现象分析

流动性过剩问题是我国当前面临的突出问题,造成流动过剩的原因是多方面的,极大影响了我国金融稳定.本文首先介绍了托宾理论模型,利用该模型从股票市场、债券市场、外币资产市场、基础货币市场角度分析了当前我国流动性过剩现象的原因,并针对四个市场提出具体的建议.     

我国流动性过剩的原因及其作用机理分析

有关我国流动性过剩原因的观点目前并不统一,以2003．1-2007．2月度数据为样本,通过实证检验得出：存贷比是适合我国的流动性过剩测度指标;外部因素包括贸易顺差、外汇储备、外汇占款是我国流动性过剩的直接原因,其中贸易顺差的影响最大;国内储蓄通过影响外部因素最终作用于流动性,其中居民储蓄影响最大,企业储蓄对外部因素的影响大于政府储蓄．而后者对流动性的最终影响大于前者。     

流动性过剩的原因及对策分析

流动性过剩是当前中国经济所面临的重大问题,它影响到经济社会的方方面面?本文就流动性过剩产生原因进行了分析,并提出了解决我国流动性过剩问题应采取的措施。     

流动性过剩背景下的货币政策工具的效用实证分析

本文通过协整检验、向量自回归的方法对流动性过剩背景下的货币政策工具的效用进行实证分析,表明利率工具、法定存款准备金对抑制通货膨胀有一定作用,而外汇占款成为我国流动性过剩乃至通货膨胀的一个重要原因,我国货币政策应对此作出相应的反应。     

从金融学角度分析我国银行流动性过剩问题

银行的流动性是指银行的资产变现能力,即银行用适当的价格取得可用资金的能力,以满足客户的各种需求。而流动性过剩,就是说银行持有的流动性超过了银行所要求的正常水平,这已经成为了一个全球性的问题。本文从金融学角度对其进行了分析,并提出了相应的策略。     

对外依存结构下的流动性分析

本文从我国对外依存结构下的经济增长模式入手,对经济体系内流动性的成因进行了分析,认为在开放经济条件下,由于国际收支不平衡、金融制度不完善,传统的货币政策难以对流动性问题进行有效治理,因此需要对当前的货币政策体系及经济增长结构进行变革。通过建立有效的政策调控机制,调整产业结构布局,使金融改革步伐同对外贸易发展速度相协调,从而保证中国经济持续稳定发展。     

气质性情感对工作满意度的影响:基于中国情境的实证研究

本文关注中国情境下人格与工作满意度的关系.在回顾已有研究基础上,从受文化因素影响较大的气质性情感角度,研究人格对工作满意度的影响.实证结果验证了西方一些研究结论,本研究有一个重要发现,在中国情境下,气质性情感与工作满意度相关系数要明显低于国外元分析报告的结果,作者试图从文化的角度来解释其中原因.另外,气质性情感可以解释工作满意度21%的变异,说明在中国情境下,它也可以作为工作满意度的预测指标.     

Groundwater to Surface Water Conversion in the Houston-Galveston Region: Impact of Mandates on Water Quality, Subsidence, and Water Rates

Legislative mandates have resulted in large-scale conversion from groundwater to surface water sources of supply for Public Water Supply Systems in Harris and Galveston Counties, Texas. Geographically-defined Regulatory Areas in the region are governed by the Harris Galveston Coastal Subsidence District. The district's mission, to end subsidence or loss of land elevation by allocating water usage by Area, has focused attention on potential health hazards and monetary issues related to substandard water quality and increased consumer utility rates. Study variables of: (1) Total Hardness (TH); (2) Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) concentrations; and (3) Water Utility Rates ($), were compared for each water source because of their suggested impacts on human health (TH:CVD; TTHMs:Cancer) and relative economic welfare (Utility Rates: $) as byproducts of current mandate requirements. Strong evidence of statistically significant differences in water quality parameters, and utility rates of groundwater and surface water source data, suggest that regulations dictating conversion need review and possible amending. This presentation describes the results of a 2-year study of the issues regarding conversion of Public Water supplies from groundwater to surface water.     

A Discourse on the Incorporation of Organizational Factors into Probabilistic Risk Assessment: Key Questions and Categorical Review

This article presents a discourse on the incorporation of organizational factors into probabilistic risk assessment (PRA)/probabilistic safety assessment (PSA), a topic of debate since the 1980s that has spurred discussions among industry, regulatory agencies, and the research community. The main contributions of this article include (1) identifying the four key open questions associated with this topic; (2) framing ongoing debates by considering differing perspectives around each question; (3) offering a categorical review of existing studies on this topic to justify the selection of each question and to analyze the challenges related to each perspective; and (4) highlighting the directions of research required to reach a final resolution for each question. The four key questions are: (I) How significant is the contribution of organizational factors to accidents and incidents? (II) How critical, with respect to improving risk assessment, is the explicit incorporation of organizational factors into PRA? (III) What theoretical bases are needed for explicit incorporation of organizational factors into PRA? (IV) What methodological bases are needed for the explicit incorporation of organizational factors into PRA? Questions I and II mainly analyze PRA literature from the nuclear domain. For Questions III and IV, a broader review and categorization is conducted of those existing cross-disciplinary studies that have evaluated the effects of organizational factors on safety (not solely PRA-based) to shed more light on future research needs.     

Consensual commitment: A grounded theory of the meso-level influence of organizational design on leadership and decision-making

This research examined the relationship between organizational design and leadership in decision-making teams. It used a grounded theory-based qualitative research design. The validity of the research was enhanced by data triangulation, wherein quantitative psychometric data augmented the qualitative data that are traditionally used. The research was based upon two organizations within the substantive setting of the knowledge industry. The higher order category of consensual commitment explained effective decision-making. At the meso-level of leadership modeling, organizational design influenced both leadership style and decision-making. Specifically, an organizational design that generated lateral job roles and a relational leadership orientation was found to enhance consensual commitment, and provided a level of assurance against dysfunctional team dynamics.     

A dynamic perspective on the resilience of firms: A systematic literature review and a framework for future research

This study aims to answer the following research question: how is the resilience of firms defined in the business and management field? In doing so, we answer recent calls for research about a more thorough conceptualisation of the resilience of firms and its definition. We conducted a systematic literature review of 66 selected papers published between 2000 and 2017. By means of inductive content analysis, we analyse the definitions of ‘resilience’ and elaborate a novel conceptual framework that introduces a dynamic perspective on the resilience of firms. The proposed framework overcomes existing definitional fragmentation and raises awareness of the temporal dimension in the conceptualisation of the resilience of firms. We contribute to extant business and management literature on the resilience of firms by proposing a model that articulates two main paths for explaining organisational resilience, i.e. absorptive resilience and adaptive resilience paths. We also identify a set of key capabilities needed to be successfully resilient at the different stages of the two paths.     

HR policies and practices in vocational education and training institutions: understanding the implementation gap through the lens of discourses

Vocational education and training (VET) institutions face serious challenges, like educational innovations and upcoming teacher shortages, which require them to invest in their human capital. However, the implementation of human resources (HR) policies and practices often stagnates. Using the Dutch VET sector as an exemplary case, we show that the implementation gap can be understood by employing a discourse perspective. The distinction between a control vs. a commitment approach to HR served as a lens through which we analysed how actors at state and school level perceived the goals, necessity and features of HR policy. The results reveal no contradictions between actors concerning the goal of HR. Contradictions are, however, found related to the way in which HR should be shaped and implemented. Teachers and managers think governments’ view about HR is too much control oriented and that commitment strategies have to be added for HR to be effective.     

多人从经验中学习模型研究：基于信息和分析方法不对称视角

当前,日益复杂且动态变化的形势和环境对多人从过往事件中不断学习、积累应对经验、快速迭代应对措施等提出了更高的要求。然而,在多人从经验中学习时,常出现由于不同个体间不了解彼此掌握的信息和会使用的分析方法而导致的莫衷一是、讨论进程拖沓、无法及时达成结论等现象。本文将个体间不了解彼此掌握的信息和/或会使用的分析方法的现象概括为“不对称”,并采用理论构建的方法,聚焦于多人从经验中学习的过程,以“信息”和“分析方法”为维度,构建基于信息不对称性和分析方法不对称性的二维矩阵,提出多人从经验中学习时会存在信息不对称且分析方法不对称、信息不对称且分析方法对称、信息对称且分析方法不对称,以及信息对称且分析方法对称四种情况,并指出信息和/或分析方法的不对称性会降低多人从经验中学习的效率,构建了基于不对称性视角的多人从经验中学习过程机制模型。随后,从“意愿”和“能力”两个方面,提出了降低信息和分析方法不对称性的实践方法,建立了降低不对称性的多人从经验中学习的实践方法库。本文针对多人从经验中学习时,由于信息和/或分析方法的不对称性而导致的问题进行探索,并为提升学习效率提供了理论基础和实践指导。     

多人从经验中学习模型研究：基于信息和分析方法的异质性视角

多人从经验中学习时,常常出现由于不同个体掌握的信息和分析方法不同,而导致的学习效率低的现象。基于时空理论,本文分析了多人从经验中学习时的信息异质性和分析方法异质性,并构建了信息结构异质性和信息内容异质性的桥梁结构,以及分析方法集。本文还对导致信息和分析方法错误的因素和对应的解决方法进行了阐述。进一步地,本文构建了基于信息和分析方法的异质性视角的多人从经验中学习过程机制模型,认为在可用的资源的制约下,多人可以通过“清洗”和“清除”信息和分析方法来提高信息真实性和分析方法可用性,通过“寻找”提高信息和分析方法的完整性,以达到学习目标的具体要求,从而提升学习效率,并列举了一些实践工具。本文从信息和分析方法的异质性视角出发,对多人从经验中学习时可能遇到的问题和解决方法进行探索,为提升学习效率提供理论依据和实践建议。     

城市交通拥堵与空气污染的交互影响机制研究——基于滴滴出行的大数据分析

城市交通拥堵与空气污染等问题给我国城市的持续发展带来了严峻挑战.本文以成都市为样本,通过融合滴滴出行订单数据、空气质量数据、气候信息等,采用断点回归模型和中介变量分析,对交通拥堵与空气污染之间的交互影响机制进行了研究.结果显示,网约车运行规模的增加会加剧城市的空气污染,其机制是由于车辆流动效率降低这一中介变量的作用,即交通拥堵导致空气污染的增加.但另一方面,空气污染又会对交通拥堵产生抑制作用,而这一现象产生的机制是由于空气污染会促使人们的出行减少,车辆需求和运行规模的减少反而使流动效率增加.本文从人们流动性行为的视角,揭示了城市交通拥堵与空气污染之间的复杂关系,为这些问题的协同治理提供了理论和实证依据.     

Examining the Impact of Pre‐Implementation Expectations on Post‐Implementation Use of Enterprise Systems: A Longitudinal Study

This article builds upon the technology acceptance model and theories of technology sensemaking to explore pre‐enterprise system adoption expectations and post‐enterprise system adoption outcomes in a longitudinal setting. Building on the exploitation and exploration paradigm, we propose that task productivity and task innovation expectations are the key drivers of users’ pre‐adoption enterprise system usage intention. Further, we argue that the enterprise system facilitates generation of a common knowledge base that may encourage a more integrated organizational culture and promote shared understanding among employees. Considering the distinction between mandatory and voluntary contexts, we propose that user acceptance of the enterprise system at the pre‐ and post‐adoption stages will mediate these relationships in a mandatory context. The results show that the influence of pre‐adoption expectations regarding task productivity and task innovation on intention to use an enterprise system is mediated by user acceptance of the enterprise system. Intention to use an enterprise system is positively related to actual use. At the post‐adoption stage, the influence of actual use on shared understanding is mediated by user acceptance of an enterprise system and enterprise system use has a direct negative impact on task efficiency in the initial period after implementation. Overall, the results highlight that user acceptance at both pre‐ and post‐adoption stages are critical factors when usage is mandatory. These findings suggest a number of important implications for research and for managerial action.