决策支持系统在供应链联盟合作伙伴选择中的应用

供应链联盟合作伙伴的选择是实现供应链管理必须解决的一个现实问题,本文分析了构建供应链联盟合作伙伴关系的意义,在此基础上提出了运用决策支持系统来辅助进行供应链联盟合作伙伴选择问题的决策。     

基于BP神经网络的电子商务环境下供应链联盟绩效评价研究

电子商务下供应链动态联盟绩效评估与传统的企业组织形式相比具有其新颖的特征。本文讨论了构建电子商务环境下供应链合作联盟绩效评价体系的依据,提出了一套系统的供应链联盟绩效评价指标体系,并对BP神经网络在电子商务环境下供应链合作联盟绩效评价中的应用进行了探讨。     

供应链的拓展应用研究

本文在叙述供应链的基本概念、核心思想、形成机理、组成构造及模型的基础上，就“农业供应链”、“信息供应链”、“资金供应链”、“供应链驱动模式”、“行业供应链”、‘中小企业联盟”、“零碎市场和特殊市场的开发”等七个主题来探讨供应链的拓展作用。     

考虑顾客个性化需求基于MTO生产策略供应链整体设计决策模型

结合MTO(maketoorder)型供应链运作的特点,本文利用MRPⅡ中的物料单(BOM:billofmaterial)工具,在考虑顾客个性化需求的基础上建立了以供应链联盟整体收益最大化为目标的供应链整体设计决策模型。通过该模型面对市场需求多样化的供应链联盟可更好的满足当今顾客个性化生产需求,在一定程度上实现大规模低成本个性化生产的目标。     

基于供应链联盟的知识整合研究

核心能力理论的发展说明通过跨企业知识整合可以增强企业的竞争优势。本文对供应链联盟知识整合的结构框架和特征进行分析,阐述通过专业整合和系统整合把个人知识整合为跨企业结构化知识的过程,并进一步探讨了产品交易、资产属性和路径依赖性等对供应链联盟知识整合的影响。最后本文对丰田公司的供应链联盟———协丰会进行案例分析。     

基于指派博弈的动态联盟供应链优化调整研究

研究了动态联盟供应链优化调整问题,在三边指派博弈的基础之上建立了多边情形下 指派博弈的多层供应链优化调整方案的求解模型,并证实了该求解模型中合作博弈核心的存 在性. 研究表明:联盟核心企业在内部成员企业意愿支付的基础上指导其合理的安排生产合作 关系,可以使联盟的整体收益得到优化     

供应链中产品与信息质量改进的战略联盟策略研究

本文分析了一个包含单个供应商和单个制造商的供应链,研究了关于供应商的产品质量和市场需求的信息质量改进的战略联盟策略的设计,分析了成本共担策略能提高供应链绩效的条件及其对供应链的影响和价值.在供应链联盟中制造商参与到供应商的质量改进活动中,使供应商具有改进质量水平的激励,相应的使市场需求均值增加或使需求信息精度提高,供应商的期望收益比分散决策的供应链中的收益增加,当质量成本共担参数满足某些条件时,制造商也将获得比无战略联盟情况中更高的收益.     

供应链联盟在A企业铸锻件供应上的应用

<正>供应链联盟是20世纪90年代发展起来的一种新的企业合作模式,就是在目前市场竞争日趋激烈、顾客需求日益个性化的环境下,由供应链上的独立企业在贡献各自优势领域的基础上为实现某些共同利益目标而组成的联盟。供应链联盟成员在联盟中贡献自己的核心能     

不同权力结构和联盟策略下风险规避型闭环供应链决策

本文旨在探讨不同渠道权力结构和联盟策略下风险规避型闭环供应链的决策问题。考虑到产品需求和废旧产品回收的不确定性及决策者的风险规避特性,在制造商主导、零售商主导及制造商和零售商势力均衡三种情形下,分别构建了制造商和零售商联盟与不联盟时的闭环供应链博弈模型,获得了六个博弈模型下的均衡解,对比分析了不同模型下产品定价、废旧产品的最优回收价格和供应链及其成员的期望收益。研究结果表明,在制造商和零售商不联盟的情形下,决策者的风险规避程度增加能够缓解双重边际效应,供应链期望收益与风险规避程度正相关,而在制造商和零售商联盟的情形下,供应链期望收益与风险规避程度负相关;制造商和零售商不联盟时,制造商和零售商势力均衡的渠道权力结构对消费者最有利,而制造商和零售商联盟时,制造商和零售商势力均衡的渠道权力结构对消费者最不利;制造商和零售商权力结构不对等时最优价格决策之间的关系与制造商和零售商的风险规避程度有关;供应链期望收益在制造商和零售商势力均衡下最大,制造商期望收益在制造商主导的渠道权力结构下最大,零售商期望收益在零售商主导的渠道权力结构下最大。     

制造行业供应链合作关系对协同及运作绩效影响的实证研究

根据制造行业供应链的特点,建立了供应链合作关系对协同运作,以及合作关系和协同对供应链运作绩效的影响假设模型,其中,供应链合作关系以沟通、信任、承诺、适应、相互依赖和合作6个因素作为度量因素;供应链协同以信息共享、同步决策和激励联盟作为研究维度;供应链绩效主要考察配送、库存成本和柔性3个方面的情况.运用结构方程模型的研究方法,对163例国内制造企业供应链进行数据收集、分析和处理,结果表明,供应链合作关系对协同运作有很强的正性影响作用;同时,供应链合作关系、协同对供应链运作绩效也有明显正性影响.     

e‐Business and Supply Chain Management

In recent years, the area of Supply Chain Management has generated a substantial amount of interest both by managers and researchers. This interest has also been fueled by the growth in the development and application of e‐business technologies. These technologies enable the supply chain manager to make coordinated decisions by integrating the diverse and sometimes conflicting objectives of the various trading partners in a chain. The purpose of this paper is to: (a) highlight strategic and tactical issues for analyzing supply chains in an e‐business setting based on papers published in this special issue; and (b) describe future research opportunities in this emerging interdisciplinary area.     

新经济下的供应链管理与企业资金流程再造

新经济的来临,使得企业面对的是一个市场竞争日益激烈、用户需求的不确定性和个性化需求增加、高新技术迅猛发展、产品寿命缩短和产品结构越来越复杂的环境。因此企业单独依靠自身的资源进行自我调整的速度赶不上市场变化的速度,“横向整合 (HorizontalIntegration)”———供应链管理的模式满足了这种管理再造的需要即企业必须有效利用外部资源快速响应市场需求,本身只抓住最核心的经营部分。这种“横向整合”形成了一条从供应商再到分销商的贯穿所有相关企业的“链”,由此可见供应链管理是将企业资源的范畴从过去单个企业扩大到整个社会。基于供应链管理的资金流程再造是利用现代信息技术,通过改造和集成资金业务流程以及运用网络财务,与供应商以及客户建立协同的业务伙伴联盟,协调资金的运作,使得企业在复杂的市场环境下立于不败之地。     

Evaluating the human resource related soft dimensions in green supply chain management implementation

Because of increased carbon emissions, environmental protection initiatives have gained significant attention at global level. One of the major initiatives taken by the industrial sector to minimize the negative environmental effect of the value chain activities is Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM). In industry, soft (human resource-related) dimensions influence the implementation of GSCM process greatly. In the literature, relatively less discussion is provided on assessing the significance of soft dimensions in efficient GSCM acceptance in industry. The present work is an attempt to construct a structural framework for assessing the significance of the soft dimensions in adopting GSCM concepts by taking a case of automotive company in India. A hybrid approach of Best Worst Method (BWM) and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach is employed in this work. BWM is used to prioritize the GSCM oriented soft dimensions, and DEMATEL is employed to extract interrelationships among them. The result shows that ‘Top management commitment’, ‘Employee involvement’, ‘Organizational culture’ and ‘Teamwork’ are the highly prioritized causal soft dimensions in efficient GSCM adoption. This research work would help industry managers and practitioners to decide where to concentrate for GSCM concepts in context of soft dimensions for sustainable business development.     

企业归核化战略及其对我国企业的启示

20世纪80年代以来,归核化战略在全球迅速兴起,资源基础论和价值链理论为这一战略的兴起和发展提供了理论基础。与此同时,为了应对这一战略带给我国企业的巨大机遇,我国企业最现实的选择就是本着“学习、合作和竞争”的原则,尽快参与到国际供应链之中,逐步谋求发展与壮大。在参与的过程中,我国企业还必须充分考虑战略步骤、链条选择和参与方式等相关问题。     

The Severity of Supply Chain Disruptions: Design Characteristics and Mitigation Capabilities

Supply chain disruptions and the associated operational and financial risks represent the most pressing concern facing firms that compete in today's global marketplace. Extant research has not only confirmed the costly nature of supply chain disruptions but has also contributed relevant insights on such related issues as supply chain risks, vulnerability, resilience, and continuity. In this conceptual note, we focus on a relatively unexplored issue, asking and answering the question of how and why one supply chain disruption would be more severe than another. In doing so, we argue, de facto, that supply chain disruptions are unavoidable and, as a consequence, that all supply chains are inherently risky. Employing a multiple‐method, multiple‐source empirical research design, we derive novel insights, presented as six propositions that relate the severity of supply chain disruptions (i) to the three supply chain design characteristics of density, complexity, and node criticality and (ii) to the two supply chain mitigation capabilities of recovery and warning. These findings not only augment existing knowledge related to supply chain risk, vulnerability, resilience, and business continuity planning but also call into question the wisdom of pursuing such practices as supply base reduction, global sourcing, and sourcing from supply clusters.     

Supply chain management: A just-in-time perspective

Just-in-time (JIT) has been a widely recognized production philosophy alternative since the early 1980s. JIT principles and techniques have been widely adopted in many manufacturing firms. More recently, supply chain management has evolved as a discipline focusing on the design, planning and control of processes linking the initial raw materials to the ultimate consumption of the finished product. Supply chain efficiency is dependent on the efficiencies of the individual manufacturing organizations and the ability to connect along the supply chain. In this paper supply chain management from a JIT perspective is investigated, focusing on the linking mechanisms between successive companies and the collective efficiency of the supply chain.     

e-SCM系统的收益测算机制设计

作为供应链管理(Supply Chain Management,SCM)的支持手段,e-SCM系统(electronic Supply Chain Management System)的投资滞后成为制约SCM实现的重要障碍。本文借助Preinreich-Luecke定理、相对直接成本以及作业成本法所提供的理论框架,设计了简便易行的e-SCM系统收益测算机制,将其作为e-SCM系统投资决策的先导和收益实现的重要基础。本文的主要结论是:仅当业绩量的成本来源具有可变特质时,e-SCM系统所带来的业绩量才会产生经济收益,以库存为核心的资金占用成本因而成为业绩额的主要来源。仅需提取企业少量运营数据即可进行e化收益测算,客观上增加了测算的可行性。     

Special Research Focus on Supply Chain Linkages: Challenges for Design and Management in the 21st Century*

Supply chain management is a central and important area for academic research due to its impact on firms competing in today's global economy. Managing the flow of materials from supply sources to the ultimate customer represents a major challenge for today's managers. To assist managers, the concept of supply chain management has been adopted by many business leaders as an important way to assist in designing, planning, and controlling the network of facilities and tasks that comprise the many stages of the supply chain. In turn, the flow of academic research in the area has increased to provide a better set of guidelines for effective implementation and execution. This article sets the stage for recently completed research concentrating on supply chain management issues. First, a definition of supply chain management is provided and compared to recent usage in this area and logistics management. Also, a framework is provided that structures this dynamic and complex management task. Second, a review of past research is presented to illustrate the many paths supply chain management has traveled, and important contributions to supply management understanding and decision making. Third, recently completed research articles are introduced that have been selected to be part of this special issue of Decision Sciences. And fourth, future research directions for supply chain management that need to be pursued by interested investigators are discussed.     

分形供应链的自相似性与其评价模型

供应链管理是企业在当前日益激烈的竞争环境中为提高核心竞争力而形成发展起来的管理方法。由于市场需求及运作环境的变化日愈加快,传统的稳健型供应链模型逐渐向具有更高敏捷度的动态供应链模型进化。但动态供应链往往因过于关注敏捷性而导致资源整合周期长、运作失衡等问题。为了平衡供应链构建及运作的灵活性和稳定性,本文提出了基于分形理论的具有自相似、自组织、自优化功能的可重构分形供应链。对其构建及运作模型进行了阐述,并着重利用分形方法对分形供应链的自相似性及相似性进行了研究,给出了基于分形方法的定量评价相似度的数学模型。     

The Impact of Forecast Errors on Early Order Commitment in a Supply Chain*

Supply chain partnership involves mutual commitments among participating firms. One example is early order commitment, wherein a retailer commits to purchase a fixed‐order quantity and delivery time from a supplier before the real need takes place. This paper explores the value of practicing early order commitment in the supply chain. We investigate the complex interactions between early order commitment and forecast errors by simulating a supply chain with one capacitated supplier and multiple retailers under demand uncertainty. We found that practicing early order commitment can generate significant savings in the supply chain, but the benefits are only valid within a range of order commitment periods. Different components of forecast errors have different cost implications to the supplier and the retailers. The presence of trend in the demand increases the total supply chain cost, but makes early order commitment more appealing. The more retailers sharing the same supplier, the more valuable for the supply chain to practice early order commitment. Except in cases where little capacity cushion is available, our findings are relatively consistent in the environments where cost structure, number of retailers, capacity utilization, and capacity policy are varied.