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长沙市开展“争做四个典范，共建和谐长沙”学习教育活动，株洲市委老干部局创新管理办法，服务企业老干部，南岳区以“三个优先”落实“三个机制”，凤凰县委老干部局开展“六比六看”活动，望城县委老干部局“十抓十促”做好老干部工作     

2015/2016年上海经济形势分析报告

2015年,面对复杂的外部经济环境,上海全面贯彻“创新驱动发展、经济转型升级”发展主线,经济运行总体符合预期,创新转型和结构性改革的积极效应不断显现.2016年是“十三五”的开局年,做好2016年经济工作对奠定未来五年发展基础、增强发展信心至关重要.上海经济工作必须坚持底线思维和稳中求进,以提高经济发展质量和效益为中心,加强供给侧结构性改革,同时管理好需求侧,全力“抓改革、推创新、促开放、控风险、补短板”,努力保持经济持续平稳健康发展.     

创新高校毕业生就业工作对策研究

高校就业工作事关学校生存发展,事关学生成长成才。如何做到因材施教、学有所用、学生受用、学以致用？这需要全面加强高校就业工作实践的改革与创新,坚持“以生为本、质量立校、立足行业、全心服务、全程指导、科学发展”的就业工作指导思想。紧密突出“三个结合”,即“招生、培养、就业”相结合,“毕业教育、就业教育、思政教育”相结合,“校园市场、网络平台、行业资源”相结合。全面实施“五个促进”,即“有力保障促就业、全心服务促就业、创新创业促就业、全程指导促就业、科学管理促就业”。     

藁城市环境保护局积极开展民主评议政风行风工作

藁城市环境保护局结合实际，积极开展民主评议政风行风工作，以科学发展观为指导，以关注民生、改进作风、促进发展为主线，围绕环境保护重点任务，坚持标本兼治、纠建并举、以评促纠、以查促纠的方针，坚持“谁主管谁负责”、“管行业必须管行风，抓机关必须抓基层”的原则，以社会的广泛参与为基础，以企业和群众满意为标准，着力解决人民群众反映强烈的环境保护问题。     

内蒙古自治区交通厅离退休干部党总支创先争优活动特色鲜明

内蒙古自治区交通厅离退休干部党总支以“围绕和谐抓党建，抓好党建促和谐”为思路，以“老有所养、老有所医、老有所教、老有所学、老有所为、老有所乐”为目标，开展了特色鲜明的创先争优活动。     

以工匠精神传承优化本科职业师范教育工科基层人才培养模式的探究——以造价专业为例

本文以创新工匠精神传承思路为突破口优化本科职业师范教育原有育人模式。以造价专业为优化案例,将工匠精神中“匠心、匠技、匠艺”内涵贯穿于育人全过程。通过加强学生对工匠精神的认可度来强化学生“匠心”;推进理论与实践课程相耦合,实现“校政企”合力育人,以实践项目提升学生的“匠技”;以“以赛促教”“以干促学”等作为手段激活学生的“匠心”,最终形成本科职业师范教育工科基层人才培养模式。     

高职院校技能培训中完善人才职业生涯发展研究——以《电商直播》培训课程为例

高职院校完善技能培训人员职业生涯发展是“立德树人”的重要环节和“三全育人”的重要内容,秉持因事而化、因时而进、因势而新的动态思维,着力构建“促、抓、建、推、创”高职院校技能培训新模式,推动职业技能培训与完善培训人员职业生涯发展需求相统一。     

技能大赛对职业学校教学改革的启示

随着社会和经济的发展，学校越来越认识到职业技能大赛对提高办学质量、培养合格人才、巩固和发展职业教育的重要性。技能大赛作为我国职业教育的一项制度创新，起到了引领职业学校教学方向的作用，“普教有高考，职教有技能大赛”，技能大赛已成为评价职业学校办学水平的重要标准。“比技能、促质量、谋发展”的竞赛观和“以赛促教、以赛促学、以赛促改”的教学活动观，已成为中职教学改革的风向标和助推器。     

情暖龙泉记山东省沂南县铜井镇龙泉村“第一书记”

“龙泉谱新曲,泉乡展笑颜,第一书记在,党旗分外红”。这是山东省沂南县铜井镇龙泉村民对“第一书记”陈亭的形象描述。2015年2月,根据山东省委统一安排,陈亭被选派到龙泉村任“第一书记”。到任后,他紧紧围绕“抓党建、促脱贫”目标任务,确定了“早调研、早谋划、早行动、早见效”的工作路子,在不到一年的时间里,为龙泉村争取资金230多万元,落实帮扶项目8个,使龙泉村发生了显著变化,受到当地干部群众的一致好评。     

念好“创收”这本经──老干部活动中心“抓创收促服务”一瞥

念好“创收”这本经──老干部活动中心“抓创收促服务”一瞥何叶增一、尴尬中的出路干部离退休之后，不再扮演社会领导的角色，但作为普通人仍然要学习，要娱乐，要健身强体，要有所作为。党和政府十分关心老于部，为给他们安度晚年创造良好的条件，各地筹措资金修建了一...     

Généalogie et évolution de la catégorie de « cadre » en Italie

Conceptions of the social world in industrialized countries use categories worked out in the course of a nation's history. In this respect, the notion of cadre for referring to both a concrete social group and a statistical, cognitive category turns out to be a French invention. From a societal perspective, why are there no cadres in Italy? Why is this sort of catchall category for referring to persons in the middle range of employees missing there? Although the notion crystallized through the French experience does not fit the Italian situation, we can inquire into it by examining the history of two close but distinct socioeconomic categories: quadri and dirigenti. A constructivist approach is taken to examining several aspects of the emergence of these categories in Italian society: the place of the institutions that defend and objectify them as a socioeconomic category; the expectations and aspirations that motivate them; the impact of historical and symbolical events in making these categories; and the role of sociologists who persist in analyzing Italian cadres by using quite different theoretical and ideological presuppositions.     

Comment confronter mobilité « subjective » et mobilité « objective » ?

The methods for analyzing objective social mobility and subjective mobility as perceived by individuals are reviewed in the case of two surveys: Trois générations by the French Old-Age Fund (CNAV, Caisse Nationale d'Assurance Vieillesse) and Formation qualification professionnelle by the French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE). These two surveys have formulated subjective mobility in quite different ways, but this observation also holds for objective mobility, which, for the purpose of comparison with respondents' subjective evaluations, is defined using specific procedures. A method is proposed for contrasting these two sorts of mobility based on classical mobility tables. When the latter are designed so as to cross three variables (social origins, destinations and average scores of subjective mobility), the spontaneous sociology that can be collectively detected in the assessments made by respondents turns out to be not very different from the scholarly sociology of social categories produced by sociologists. After showing that subjective and objective mobility vary coherently in relation to each other, an additional hypothesis is advanced to account for some discrepancies.     

Le modèle de « l'État-stratège » : genèse d'une forme organisationnelle dans l'administration française

Since the 1990s, a new organisational form of the administrative system in France has been steadily redefining relations between central administrations and local state units. Labelled “the steering state” or the “managerial state”, this new paradigm hinges on separating the strategic functions of steering and controlling the state from the operational functions of execution and policy implementation. The making of this new form of state organization involves two parallel processes: political and cognitive. For one thing, the adoption of concrete measures for “government at distance” results from power struggles between three major ministries (Home Office, Budget and Civil Service). For another, a new legitimate “categorization of the state” is being formed in the major committees involved in the reform process of the 1990s; it is borne by top civil servants and inspired by the ideas of New Public Management. — Special issue: New patterns of institutions.     

Contenir le marché : la transition de la criée à la cotation électronique à la Bourse de Paris

Open outcry was fully replaced at the Paris Bourse by an automated trade execution system (CAC) in the late 1980s. In this article, we focus on the circumstances that made this transition possible. We analyze the diverse compromises (both social and technical) that the officials and engineers in charge of the innovation process constructed in order to stabilize the new market device. They had to carefully inscribe into the new system the interests of the actors at stake: bankers and stockbrokers. This case study contributes to economic sociology by drawing a relation between a technical device and the interests set around the “modernization” of a market.     

La précarité de l'emploi au service de la prospérité du fast-food

The fast food industry offers an exception to the traditional rule that steady employment and employee qualifications are necessary for business to thrive. Since this industry sprang up in the United States during the 1950s, its major firms have offered unskilled jobs to a young, devoted labor force in transit between fast-food establishments. As a consequence, the itineraries of incoming new hires and outgoing employees crisscross. Though causing a few operational problems, this high turnover rate among wage-earners is good for business. The major (just-in-time) principle of sales and production requires an exceptionally high commitment. Only new, young team-members correspond to the profile defined in these eateries.     

Les « intermittents » de l'Église. Modalités d'emploi des personnels laïcs dans le catholicisme français

Given the shortage of priests, bishops have assigned permanent religious duties to several thousand laypersons, a majority of them women. Many of these persons have employment contracts. The employment conditions of this new type of permanent personnel tend to be unfavorable: assignments for a few years despite contracts of unlimited duration, part-time work and a nearly minimum wage. Various factors account for this fragility: the dire financial straits of French dioceses; ecclesiastical authorities, determination to present the clergy as the only fully legitimate, permanent personnel in the Church; and the attitude of laypersons who seem to be satisfied with their lot. The efforts to institutionalize this work have encountered difficulties with respect to both the labor code and the unexpected effects produced internally by the advocacy of a “culture of limited duration commitment”.     

La restructuration des PMI à Saint-Étienne après la crise : traces du passé et limites de l'intégration horizontale

On the basis of a survey conducted in Saint-Étienne, France, as part of a comparative European project on “modes of governance” in local economies (which, thus, takes into account the level of small and medium-sized industry and the middle level of the territory), questions are raised about the goods and services that enable these industries to be competitive with big firms or holdings. For these industries, solutions developed two decades ago for the machine tool industry, mechanics and metal-working are still significant resources. The momentum detected in a small number of fields can lead to an increasing specialization and horizontal integration that favor a more competitive growth. How to know whether this momentum results from still (temporarily) active remnants of the past or whether it is evidence of a collective impetus that can stimulate new economic growth?     

La carrière des artistes et les transformations de la production musicale. Relations de travail et relation au travail dans le monde des musiques rap et électroniques

The interaction between the artistic and managerial poles of the world formed by the persons specialized in rap and electronic music in France is described as well as musicians' occupational culture. The aesthetic and organizational characteristics of these musical genres are shown to influence the division of labour in recording and production. Owing to the combination of artistic and managerial activities typical of these musicians, occupational networks are fluid. This blurring of roles is especially visible in the recording labels used from home studios. Technical changes in the “tools” for this work have led these artists to become professionally involved in management and advertising. Cultural motivations also explain this involvement: the critical stance adopted by the “cultures” of rap, electro, techno, etc., tends to make obsolete the image of the artist as a creator who avoids the engineering aspects of the commercial distribution of his recordings. In contrast, rap and electronic musicians' careers develop through participation in many and various projects, which nurtures their artistic production, improves the quality of their groups and enhances their reputations. Accepting more short-term professional engagements supposedly increases their control over their career profiles. However these musicians voice concerns, in particular, about bonds between the individual and the groups whom they cross (and who cross them) — concerns that can be extended to other types de workers caught up in an occupational world organized “by project”.     

Les usages nationaux d'une science « globale » : La diffusion de nouveaux paradigmes économiques comme stratégie hégémonique et enjeu domestique dans les champs nationaux de reproduction des élites d'État

This paper analyses the production and international diffusion of different forms of State expertise, such as economics, from a threefold perspective: hegemonic strategies structured around the Cold War, professional rivalries between lawyers and economists within the field of state power and the internationalisation of the academic circuits for the reproduction of national elites. In order to understand the relatively low (or delayed) introduction of neo-liberal paradigm in Asia, it starts by highlighting the authoritarian genesis of these new fields of economic expertise, as an instrument for the developmental policies launched by the Cold War dictatures, such as Suharto in Indonesia or Marcos in the Philippinnes. Then, by focusing on the cases of India and South Corea, it analyses how the processes of institutionnalisation and consolidation of these new professional fields was structured around an international division of scientific labour, in which the elite US campuses control both the production of theoretical innovation and the academic networks for the reproduction of the elites of the periphery.     

Retour sur le « secteur informel ». L'économie du Katanga (Congo-Zaïre) face à la falsification de la loi

In the social sciences, the idea of an informal sector has been criticized more for the classification of economic activities in two separate sectors than for the labeling of them as “formal” or “informal”. In the Congo (formerly Zaire), the use of such labels is ambiguous. Labeling has to be understood in the context of corruption, i.e., in a transaction involving the personal networks and social identities of the parties to it. An analysis is made of how such transactions with civil servants shape the local market in the case of the import trade in Katanga. Compared with the formal/informal cleavage, this approach enables us both to see the labeling of economic activities as a social and political process and to draw attention to the plurality of such practices in relations with authorities.