毛泽东反腐败思想及其现实意义

毛泽东同志在整个革命生涯的反腐立场、观点、态度和方法,是毛泽东思想的重要组成部分。这些思想培养了一代又一代清正廉洁的人民公仆。在共和国的政权建设和党的建设史上,它对于防止和抵制消极腐败现象起到了不可忽视的警戒作用。邓小平同志从历史的经验教训和改革开放的现实出发,继承和发展了毛泽东同志的反腐败思想,同时克服了毛泽东同志作为一位历史巨人在反腐败方法上不可避免地存在的历史局限性。在新的历史条件下,结合改革开放和现代化建设的现实情况,探讨毛泽东同志的反腐败思想,对于改革开放无疑具有十分重要的现实意义。     

十三届四中全会以来党对反腐败工作的探索和创新

以江泽民为核心的第三代中央领导集体高度重视党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争,以一系列的理论丰富和发展了毛泽东、邓小平的反腐倡廉思想,对反腐败斗争重要性作了新的思考,对腐败产生的原因作了新的分析,对反腐败斗争的策略方针进行了新的探索,从而形成了科学完整的反腐倡廉思想体系。     

论新时期邓小平对毛泽东反腐倡廉思想的继承和发展

论新时期邓小平对毛泽东反腐倡廉思想的继承和发展林吕建毛泽东同志在领导中国革命和建设的实践中，曾对反腐倡廉作过多方面的阐述，形成了我党反腐倡廉的科学理论。邓小平同志不仅直接参与领导了建国以来一系列反腐败斗争，并对毛泽东反腐倡廉思想的形成作出过积极贡献。...     

毛泽东廉政思想初探

反对腐败、保持清廉是毛泽东对包括自己在内的全体党员和干部的一贯要求 ,并在实践中始终把反腐败斗争作为党和国家政权建设的大事来抓。回顾毛泽东廉政建设的理论和实践 ,不难看出 ,其廉政思想有鲜明的特征 ,是一个集预防、打击、监督和感召等方法为一体的有机整体。     

邓小平反腐败思想论析

邓小平反腐败思想的提出,源于对中国革命、建设和改革实践经验教训的总结,是党的地位、任务变化的客观需要。它深刻分析了腐败现象的严重危害性,科学论证了反腐败斗争的地位和作用;剖析了腐败现象滋生蔓延的复杂成因,阐释了反腐败斗争的长期性和艰巨性;谋划了中国特色反腐败斗争的系统方略。邓小平反腐思想对于保持和发展党的先进性、密切党和群众的联系、提高党的执政能力和水平具有重大意义。     

新中国成立后党的廉政建设理论的历史演进及现实思考

新中国成立后,党的四代领导人都非常重视廉政建设工作,提出了一系列深刻的论述。毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛等领导人在廉政建设和反腐败斗争的实践中对马克思主义廉政思想进行了积极探索,形成了具有中国特色的廉正建设思想及理论。对新中国成立以来中国共产党四代领导人廉正建设理论进行梳理,系统考察不同历史时期党的廉正建设的主要内容及其影响,探究新时期党加强廉正建设的有效途径,具有重大的理论价值和现实意义。     

浅谈毛泽东的中国现代化思想

实现现代化是毛泽东的价值追求。为此,毛泽东在理论和实践上都进行了不懈的研究和探索,为我们留下了宝贵的财富。研究毛泽东的中国现代化思想,总结其在这一进程中的经验教训,对于当下建设中国特色社会主义,实现中华民族伟大复兴具有重大意义。     

浅论江泽民“拒腐防变”思想

拒腐防变 ,是毛泽东、邓小平等老一辈无产阶级革命家一直十分关注的大问题。以江泽民同志为核心的党的第三代中央领导集体 ,围绕在新的历史条件下如何拒腐防变的问题进行了系统的理论探索 ,丰富和发展了毛泽东、邓小平关于拒腐防变的思想。一、江泽民拒腐防变思想的主要内容江泽民关于拒腐防变的论述是多方面的 ,这些论述比较集中地围绕着以下几个方面的问题 :（一）反腐败是关系党的生死存亡的大问题早在１９８９年８月 ,江泽民就在全国组织部长会议上的讲话中强调 :“要同腐败现象、腐败分子进行斗争 ,密切党和群众的联系。腐败现象的蔓延…     

反腐败要纳入法制化轨道:学习邓小平廉政思想的体会

在邓小平关于党风廉政建设和反腐败理论中，依靠法律和制度遏制腐败的思想占有非常重要的位置。学习和研究邓小平同志的这一思想，对于当前和今后的反腐败工作具有重要的现实指导意义。本文认为，在党风廉政建设和反腐败的各项内容中，抓好法制建设至关重要。 一、依法治腐是反腐倡廉的必然要求和 根本途径 （一）反腐败靠“人治”是靠不住的 当今社会，腐败问题已成为世界各国普遍关注的热点。难点问题。近年来，党和政府一直在加大反腐败斗争的力度，并且取得了一定的成效。但腐败现象并没有从根本上得到遏制，甚至是越来越严重。为什么腐…     

毛泽东的思想建党理论及其现实启示

着重从思想上建党是毛泽东建党思想的突出特点,是我们党的优良传统和宝贵经验。从思想上建党是由党所处的社会历史条件决定的。毛泽东对于思想建党的根本任务、根本问题和核心都作了深刻阐述,其基本思想对于新时期党的建设仍有重要启示。     

惩罚机制对阻断腐败循环的演化博弈分析

腐败循环是一种典型的社会困境问题,其根源在于反腐败组织无法打破腐败利益交易双方在长期博弈中形成的稳定均衡态势。通过演化博弈分析发现,惩罚机制可以起到促进反腐败组织协调高效运作的作用,有助于打破腐败交易双方的长期合作关系,从而为最终阻断腐败循环提供可能性。     

中国地方政府廉政建设测评体系的指标研究

随着地方政府在经济和社会发展中角色的深化,地方政府的腐败治理工作也需要探索新的思路。本文通过对海内外反腐倡廉的指标体系的比较分析,建立一个新的理论框架,并据此发展出一套切合我国地方政府实际情况的廉政建设评估指标体系。本研究认为,应该以“投入—效果”的绩效评估方法为原则,测量地方政府治理腐败的努力及成效。针对当前中国的实际,应主要通过主观感知测量方法,针对政府行为中存在的关于制度实施的价值权威性分配的认知与判断进行测量。本套指标体系注意到指标的可测性与资料的可取得性。建立这样的指标体系可以提高我国地方政府廉政建设的有效性和针对性,是腐败治理预警机制的必要组成部分。     

Public corruption: A study across regions in Italy

This work explores the determinants of public corruption using a regional panel dataset on crimes perpetrated in Italy by public officials against the public administration in combination with a set of demographic and socio-economic variables. The results suggest that both the size and the composition of public spending at the local level explain corruption. We also find that regions where social capital is higher are more likely to face a lower incidence of corruption crimes. Moreover, regions which have historically placed less importance on rooting out corruption may be stuck in a vicious circle of higher levels of corruption.     

What Do African Donor‐sponsored Anti‐corruption Programmes Teach Us about International Development in Africa?

Donor‐sponsored anti‐corruption programmes represent an increasingly large segment of international development assistance to Africa. While the ostensible objective of these programmes is to reduce African corruption, the generality of them suggests that other factors appear to motivate their design and implementation. This paper attempts to assess the generality of these programmes by looking at the specificity, relevance and fit of proposed anti‐corruption activities. The malleability of these programmes suggests that programme design draws from a mix of broader discursive fields and the genuine attempt to improve project performance and decrease corruption.     

Testing Alternative Theories of Bureaucratic Corruption in Less Developed Countries*

Objective. Recent studies offer myriad explanations for why bureaucratic corruption is more pervasive in certain countries than others. However, relatively little empirical work has been done comparing competing explanations of bureaucratic corruption. In this article, I test informal, formal, and cultural control explanations against one another in an effort to understand cross‐national variation in bureaucratic corruption. Methods. Using cross‐sectional and longitudinal data, this article tests the hypotheses with ordinary least squares (OLS), tobit, ordered probit, and fixed‐ and random‐effects models. Results. Democracy, strong judiciaries, and parliamentary democracy in particular reduce the prevalence of bureaucratic corruption. Conclusions. This study proposes that electoral accountability and judicial efficacy produce “good” politicians, and “good” politicians monitor bureaucrats well enough to reduce bureaucratic corruption. Future research should attempt to create a direct measure of the quality of politicians variable.     

The Context for Political Corruption: A Cross‐National Analysis*

Objective. How do we explain variations across nations in the incidence of political corruption? Recent theoretical work locates the causes for corruption in a combination of institutional conditions: monopoly power, little accountability, and wide discretion. This focus on the form of political institutions clarifies the micro‐scale causes of political corruption, but it leaves unanswered questions about the macro‐scale causes of corruption. Methods. This article addresses these questions about the macro scale through an analysis of perceived levels of corruption across nations. Results. Our work identifies poverty, large populations, and small public sectors as contextual causes of corruption. Historically‐based differences in political cultures across broad geographical regions also affect the perceived incidence of corruption in nations. Conclusion. Further research should attempt to link micro‐ and macro‐scale causes together in a single, multi‐scalar model of corruption.     

Corruption, globalization and development: How are these three phenomena related?

This paper examines the existence of any relations between globalization and corruption using cross-section data for 127 countries. The estimation results indicate that, under the assumption of a linear model, a positive correlation between corruption and globalization exists, while when linearity is dropped there seems to be no significant effect of globalization on corruption. According to our analysis, linearity is a good approximation only for middle and high income countries. Hence, our main conclusion is that globalization is a powerful weapon against corruption only for middle and high income countries, while for low income countries globalization has no significant impact on corruption. For such countries fighting corruption requires additional global action aiming at the reduction of poverty.     

腐败经历与腐败感知:基于调查实验与直接提问的双重检验

本文采用“列举实验法”来解决测量腐败经历时的社会意愿偏差问题,提出两个核心发现：与没有腐败经历的个体相比,有过腐败经历的个体会更倾向于认为政府是腐败的,同时认为政府的反腐败能力更弱,对政府的反腐败满意度也更低;腐败经历对腐败感知的影响在不同层级的政府中有差异,与中央政府相比,腐败经历对地方政府的腐败感知和反腐败评价影响更强烈。民众可以绕过间接因素直接获得对腐败的认知,因此,要改善民众对政府腐败和反腐败的主观态度,提升获得感,仅仅靠舆论和宣传是不够的,只有切实解决与老百姓生活密切的腐败问题,才能真正赢得反腐败的胜利。     

加强反腐败体制机制创新和制度保障的新思路

反对腐败,建设廉洁政治,关系党和国家的生死存亡。一年多来,党中央实施一系列反腐新举措,体现出新一届中央领导集体加强反腐败体制机制创新和制度保障的新思路：在党章制度框架下改革党的纪律检查体制,推动党的纪律检查工作双重领导体制具体化、程序化、制度化;明确党委和纪委在党风廉政建设中的责任定位,落实党风廉政建设责任制;修订和完善选人用人制度,把从严治吏、从严管理干部的要求具体化、细节化,解决选人用人方面的腐败问题;抓好组织管理和组织纪律的执行,严格遵守组织制度,为加强党风廉政建设和反腐败凝聚组织力量;运用法治思维和法治方式推进廉洁政治建设,健全反腐倡廉法规制度体系：健全和完善巡视制度等。     

Corruption, efficiency and productivity in OECD countries

Over the last decade there has been growing interest in understanding the relationship between corruption and economic performance. The principal motivation of this work is to analyze whether corruption affects the economic results of OECD countries from a productivity-based perspective. To this end, we shall adopt a frontier approach which will allow us, on the one hand, to study whether corruption conditions the efficiency levels at which the economies perform and, on the other, to determine the channels through which it can affect productivity growth, whether by influencing improvements in relative efficiency levels or by shifting the production frontier.