公司治理结构与组织创新

公司治理结构是一个具有重要理论和实践意义的研究课题。推动公司组织创新,优化公司治理结构是现代企业面临的重大任务。我国的公司治理结构方面存在股东大会约束作用不够、董事会有效运作不够、监事会监督作用不够等问题。这也就需要我国企业在股权多元化、规范和完善董事会作用、强化监事会等方面进行一些纽织创新的探索。     

公司治理结构对企业环境绩效的影响研究

本文从公司治理结构和环境绩效内涵出发,从公司股东、董事会和经理层探讨了公司治理结构对企业环境绩效的影响,研究发现公司治理结构对企业环境绩效具有显著的影响作用,从而提出应该完善公司治理结构,发挥公司治理监督职能的建议。     

浅析“淡马锡”模式对我国上市公司治理的借鉴

随着改革开放的深入和市场体制的完善,实现公司治理结构的完善,已成为多数国家公司改革的共同选择：借助董事会传统上在公司冶理结构中的重要地位,引入独立董事,确保其外部与独立的身份,通过独立董事对董事会进行监督与评估,提高董事会决策能力,实现公司法意义上的董事会重建。新加坡经过多年的探索和实践,已经形成了其独特而相对成熟的独立董事制度——淡马锡模式。而我国在此方面正处于初期阶段。本文研究的目的就是通过比较和借鉴新加坡淡马锡模式的先进经验,探讨建立和完善我国独立董事制度的有效途径和方法,进而实现公司治理结构的完善。     

我国上市公司的治理结构

在我国,对公司治理结构有多种定义：一是指一组联系并规范所有者（股东）、支配者（董事会）、管理者（经理）、使用者（工人）相互权利和利益关系的制度框架;二是指所有者、董事会和高级执行人员即高级经理人员三者组成的一种组织结构,三者之间构成一定的制衡关系;三是一个关于企业所有权安排的契约。而企业治理结构是一套治理企业交易关系的制度安排,它包括外部治理机制和内部治理机构。其实,我们通常所说的公司治理结构,是广义上的公司治理结构,是指由所有者（股东）、支配者（董事会）、管理者（经理）及其他利益相关者组成的组织结构,是联系和规范公司各相关利益主体的权利和利益的一系列制度安排和结构关系网络,是一个包括内部治理结构和外部治理结构的完整体系。     

浅谈内部治理在公司治理中的体现

我国大多数国有控股企业在公司治理结构上存在着产权关系不明、内部人控制现象严重、董事会空壳化等诸多的问题.公司治理分为内部治理与外部治理.强有力的外部治理无疑对公司治理制度的合理构建和有效运行具有重要影响,但内部治理环境是否完善,监督功能是否得到充分发挥,则在很大程度上决定着公司治理的成效.因此在研究公司治理时,必须重点考虑内部治理.     

公司治理评价中的董事会治理评价指标体系设置研究

一、董事会治理是公司治理的核心随着美国安然、世通等大公司财务丑闻的爆发,公司治理已成为全球性问题,其中作为公司治理核心机制的董事会治理更成为人们关注的焦点。在公司治理结构中,存在着股东大会和董事会、董事会与经理层两个层次的委托代理关系。其中董事会具有双重身份,既是代理人又是委托人,是公司治理结构中的重要组成部分,并在“公司治理链”中处于枢纽位置。如果董事会能有效进行决策并监督管理层的经营行为,公司的价值将充分放大,股东利益也会得到有效保护。法玛(1980)将董事会描述成为公司的最高控制系统,并认为拥有良好董事…     

论国家独资公司内部治理的改革

国家独资公司内部治理是公司治理研究中的薄弱环节。本文通过对国内外国家独资公司在经营者选择和董事会构成方面的比较分析，认为必须放松目前对国家独资公司的行政监管，引入竞争机制；在监事会中引入部分社会贤达人士和成功的民营企业家；在经营者选择上应将成功的民营企业家列为选择对象；在董事会中设职能董事和职工董事。这将是中国国家独资公司内部治理的改革方向。     

我国上市公司董事会设置与公司经营业绩的实证研究

董事会设置是上市公司治理结构的核心,研究董事会设置是了解董事会功能是否有效发挥的重要课题。本文试图依据公司治理结构下的董事会设置的相关理论,对我国证券市场上市公司进行实证分析,找出我国公司治理结构下的董事会设置的缺陷和不足,并结合我国实际提出政策建议。(一)模型、参数的选择、样本数据及其来源根据研究的需要,本文采用加权平均净资产收益率(ROE)作为对公司业绩的唯一衡量标准,用董事会设置中其他各个相关的参数和ROE作相关性分析,并在此基础上建立线性回归模型。由于研究的是客观存在于我国上市公司中董事会设置情况对公…     

日本企业的董事会改革

董事会是股份公司治理结构的核心部分。本文通过对日本企业董事会现状的分析,揭示出相对于欧美企业,日本的董事会具有人数多、内部董事比例高且同质化、决策职能、执行职能和监督职能没有分开等特点,其结果是董事会在公司治理中事实上已蜕变成仅是应商法要求而存在的机构。为改变这种状况,日本现正从修改商法入手对董事会进行变革。     

浅析董事会与自愿性信息披露

近几十年来代理理论的迅速发展,为我们提供了研究公司治理与信息披露关系的理论基础。董事会作为联结股东和经理层的桥梁,是公司治理的重要组成部分。本文从理论上分析了董事会规模、构成、领导结构及审计委员会与公司自愿性信息披露的关系。     

Applying fuzzy logic to personnel assessment: a case study

The main results of a research project spanning over several years are presented in this paper. The aim of the research was the improvement of the effectiveness of personnel assessment within a large Italian corporation operating in the research sector. The first step of the research consisted of the analysis of the raters’ behavior, so as to elicit the judgement categories and prototypes they used in the judgement formulation, based on the rating method adopted in the corporation. The second step consisted of improving the rating method using fuzzy logic. The corporate management tested the new rating method and found it more efficient and reliable than the previous one.     

Application of the Fuzzy Weighted Average in Strategic Portfolio Management*

We propose a systematic approach that incorporates fuzzy set theory in conjunction with portfolio matrices to assist managers in reaching a better understanding of the overall competitiveness of their business portfolios. Integer linear programming is also accommodated in the proposed integrated approach to help select strategic plans by using the results derived from the previous portfolio analysis and other financial data. The proposed integrated approach is designed from a strategy‐oriented perspective for portfolio management at the corporate level. It has the advantage of dealing with the uncertainty problem of decision makers in doing evaluation, providing a technique that presents the diversity of confidence and optimism levels of decision makers. Furthermore, integer linear programming is used because it offers an effective quantitative method for managers to allocate constrained resources optimally among proposed strategies. An illustration from a real‐world situation demonstrates the integrated approach. Although a particular portfolio matrix model has been adopted in our research, the procedure proposed here can be modified to incorporate other portfolio matrices.     

Dominance intensity measure within fuzzy weight oriented MAUT: An application

We introduce a dominance intensity measuring method to derive a ranking of alternatives to deal with incomplete information in multi-criteria decision-making problems on the basis of multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT) and fuzzy sets theory. We consider the situation where there is imprecision concerning decision-makers' preferences, and imprecise weights are represented by trapezoidal fuzzy weights. The proposed method is based on the dominance values between pairs of alternatives. These values can be computed by linear programming, as an additive multi-attribute utility model is used to rate the alternatives. Dominance values are then transformed into dominance intensity measures, used to rank the alternatives under consideration. Distances between fuzzy numbers based on the generalization of the left and right fuzzy numbers are utilized to account for fuzzy weights.     

ON FUZZY GOAL PROGRAMMING*

This paper illustrates how the goal programming problem with fuzzy goals having linear membership functions may be formulated as a single goal programming problem. Also, a previously defined method for dealing with fuzzy weights for each of the goals is re-examined.     

ON FUZZY GOAL PROGRAMMING—SOME COMMENTS

This paper pertains to goal programming with fuzzy goals and fuzzy priorities. Hannan [1], in his paper on fuzzy goal programming, alludes to the difficulty of handling fuzzy priorities and further notes that a method that this author proposed [2] may lead to incorrect results. In this note, the general problem of goal programming with fuzzy priorities is reexamined, along with the solution to the specific example presented in my original paper [2]. It is shown that the method for handling fuzzy priorities originally proposed by this author does indeed capture the relative importance of goals.     

Real-time part dispatching within manufacturing cells using fuzzy logic

A new fuzzy logic dispatching method is presented ff which o ers an improvement over certain existing common dispatching rules with respect to the performance measures, number of late parts, maximum part lateness, average producff tion times and machine bu er levels. The fuzzy logic dispatcher incorporates a wider range of scheduling issues than those considered by most dispatching rules, considers certain control ff issues that e ect scheduling, contains mechanisms for optimization and also allows for the addition of more control or scheduling rules.     

基于模糊神经网络的企业财务危机非线性组合预测方法研究

本文提出了一种基于模糊神经网络的企业财务危机非线性组合建模与预测新方法,并给出了相应的混合学习算法。通过与多元线性回归模型、Fisher模型和Logistic回归模型的预测结果对比表明,该方法具有预测精度高,学习与泛化能力强,适应性广的优点。在预测上市公司财务危机方面优于其他方法。     

Board of directors structure and firm financial performance: A qualitative comparative analysis

Previous research about the effects of board structure and process on the firm financial performance is based on conflicting theoretical perspectives, and empirical results, mostly based on regression analysis, are inconclusive. Building from Complexity Theory and configurational analysis, this study offers clarity to inconclusive previous empirical results about the link among several board features and firm financial performance. From a sample of 295 non-financial firms from Southern Europe for the period 2001–2010, and by using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis, findings of this study show that firm financial performance depends on a complex configuration of several board features (board size, board independence, leadership structure and board activity) and several corporate characteristics (firm size, firm leverage and firm age). This paper has implications for academics. Despite different theoretical arguments and inconclusive results of the wide empirical literature addressing the effect of board characteristics on the firm performance, building from Complexity Theory this paper adds to our knowledge because it empirically explores under which circumstances different board features should contribute positively or negatively to firm performance. The results of this study have also implications for policy makers and practitioners by providing some useful hints to the controversial relationship between corporate governance and financial performance. In this sense, general corporate governance recommendations must be rethought.     

A fuzzy approach to qualitative cross impact analysis

This paper proposes a fuzzy approach to qualitative cross impact analysis. Cross impact analysis is seeking to find both direct and indirect relationships of variables relying on experts’ decisions to structure and formalize judgmental forecasting. The knowledge is often uncertain or fuzzy when dealing with future events. In addition, experts prefer to use linguistic terms or fuzzy values in their predictions. Therefore, a qualitative cross impact analysis is represented in terms of fuzzy relationships. Four different approaches including crisp binary, crisp rated, fuzzy linguistic and fuzzy rated are applied to a specific case—the security appliances sector. The results are then compared depending on the variables’ characteristics. The fuzzy approaches reveal different results than the crisp ones. The fuzzy rated approach makes it possible to “infer in a wider perspective” from the results and pick out hidden variables. On the other hand, the results of the fuzzy linguistic approach help in deciding for variables where indecision is high in other approaches. Finally, in contrast to crisp approaches, the fuzzy approaches are more successful in representing uncertainty.     

模糊需求下的产品供给能力初步研究

相对于随机变量,用模糊变量描述市场需求的不确定性有时是一种更好的选择。传统上,可能性测度往往被认为是与概率测度平行的概念。然而,事实表明,在模糊集合论中正是可信性测度才扮演了概率测度的角色。供应链管理需要节点企业在产品供给能力与库存成本之间取得平衡,确定合适的产品供给能力是成功进行供应链管理的关键。基于可信性理论,提出了模糊需求下度量产品供给能力的概念,给出了计算产品供给能力(补给周期供给水平、产品供给率)的公式和算例,讨论了模糊需求隶属函数形状的改变对产品供给能力的影响。