广州生活垃圾分类面临的形势、问题与对策建议

生活垃圾分类面临新形势,国家加快推进生活垃圾强制分类,十九大提出建设美丽中国宏伟蓝图,广州对生活垃圾分类做出新部署.生活垃圾分类存在的主要问题有:现有垃圾分类模式缺乏可持续性,生活垃圾精准分类的作业场地不足,物业服务企业积极性未能充分调动起来,生活垃圾分类急于求成,居民参与率、 投放准确率有待提高,以及垃圾分类后端处理设施建设滞后.笔者提出深化生活垃圾分类管理,建立生活垃圾分类常态化、 长效化运行机制,推进生活垃圾分类回收处理有机融合,构建生活垃圾分类"大城管"格局,动员社会力量参与生活垃圾分类,以及建立生活垃圾监督考核评价体系等对策建议.     

健全分类处理体系 促进天津生活垃圾"三化"

生活垃圾分类收集、 运输、 处理体系不健全,是制约其"减量化、 资源化、 无害化"的主要因素.因此,健全生活垃圾分类收集、 运输、 处理体系是推动垃圾"三化"的关键,主要包括建立健全生活垃圾分类处理运行体系,即在前端确定合理的分类方式、 配置相应的垃圾分类收集容器,在中端配备"干湿分类"专用运输设备、增设餐厨垃圾预处理节点,在末端增设综合性的干、 湿垃圾分类处理设施;建立健全生活垃圾分类处理保障体系,即统筹规划天津生活垃圾分类处理设施建设,加快完善生活垃圾分类的政策法规,加快推进生活垃圾处理体制的机制创新,加强宣传引导和民间推动.     

环境法中垃圾分类意识及相关法律法规完善——以兰州大学亚洲留学生为例

垃圾分类,在全国的很多城市都面临着同样的尴尬,本文通过对兰州大学亚洲学生垃圾分类意识调查,进一步研究分类垃圾桶只"装"不"分"的各方面原因,进行综合分析,并针对此种情况,提出完善的法律法规。     

浅析高校实施垃圾分类的重要性及优化路径研究

本文主要从浅析高校实施垃圾分类的重要性及优化路径研究进行阐述说明.社会在不断发展中,对资源的可持续发展以及再利用和生态环境的保护已引起了高度的重视,垃圾分类就是其中不可缺少的重要部分.在社会不断发展的过程中高校垃圾总量呈现了全面增长的趋势,对垃圾进行分类回收已经成为了当前保护环境资源的主要课题.结合当前高校学生的现状进行研究,掌握学生垃圾分类的态度,研究垃圾分类的重要性,从而提出合理的措施与建议,使高校学生可以积极参与到课题的研究中,对资源进行更好的回收与利用,保护环境发展.     

山东师范大学学生垃圾分类基本素质探究

随着强制垃圾分类政策在上海得以贯彻实施,校园垃圾的强制分类也迫在眉睫。对大学校园学生的垃圾分类知识水平、情感态度和行为举止的调查分析,有助于学校垃圾分类工作的开展。通过构建"四维十域"的理论框架,设计出调查问卷并对全校22个学院的学生开展问卷调查。结论表明,山东师范大学校园的垃圾分类还没有形成良好的社会氛围,根据调查结果分析当前校园垃圾分类中存在的问题,提出校园垃圾分类的建议,以期改变校园垃圾分类的现状。     

高校生活垃圾分类管理的困境与出路——基于对南京五校的实证研究

随着上海市垃圾分类试点工作的展开,如何有效推进全国垃圾分类与回收,已成为社会研究的重要课题。通过调查南京大学、南京师范大学、南京邮电大学、南京理工大学紫金学院、南京工业职业技术学院五所高校,利用SPSS工具进行分析,发现当下大学校园普遍存在分类垃圾桶多区域投放不足、分类垃圾桶有效利用率低、"垃圾山"屡见不鲜等现象。究其成因,在于大学生垃圾分类观念淡薄、奖惩机制缺乏、教育宣传力度不足,资金短缺限制多方联动等问题。建议加大资金投入、健全管理制度、推进宣传教育、以现代化万物互联手段彻底改变高校垃圾分类问题。     

论政府在城市生活垃圾源头分类中的政策供给

随着经济发展、生活水平提高,我国城市生活垃圾产量大幅增加,给城市环境带来很大影响,垃圾管理已经成为近十几年来热议的话题。在产量增加的同时,生活垃圾的结构也越来越复杂,这给垃圾分类处理及高效利用造成了严重阻碍。针对这一问题,研究人员提出了借鉴发达国家经验,对垃圾源头进行分类的建议。住建部于2000年6月将北京、上海、广州、南京、深圳、杭州、厦门和桂林8个城市作为"生活垃圾分类收集试点城市"。目前看来,这些试点城市的垃圾分类回收效果都是宣传大于实际,垃圾分类收集率仍然低下,垃圾分类名存实亡。     

医疗垃圾的分类处置

护生在刚接触护理工作时,容易忽视垃圾分类的重要性和对医疗垃圾分类的认识模糊不清。文中介绍了医疗垃圾分类处置的意义,医疗垃圾分类及分类处置,在此基础上加强护生对医疗垃圾分类处置的认识,从细节上切断传播途径,提高对患者和自身医疗防护的能力。     

垃圾分类是生态型社会的必然

正《深圳市生活垃圾减量和分类管理办法(试行)》(草案稿)拟定,"深圳拟逐步实行辖区生活垃圾限量排放,凡是每年超过排放上限的区域,超出部分将交纳超量排放费。同时,住宅小区实行定时定点相对集中分类投放,个人不遵守或每次处200元罚款。"纵观整个草案,最大的改变在于将垃圾分类的举措以法规形式进行约束,一方面对于排放量有规定,另一方面,守规有奖励、违规则要罚款,拒不改正的,对个人每次处以200元罚款,对单位每次处以1000元以上3000元以下罚款。(5月5日多家媒体     

北京市城市生活垃圾分类宣传机制研究

在城市生活垃圾分类推进过程中,积极到位的宣传工作有利于大众对垃圾分类形成正确且深刻的认识,更加重视垃圾分类,推动垃圾分类工作有效推进。本研究通过文献研究法、专家访谈法、问卷调查等方法,研究北京市垃圾分类工作的宣传机制。研究发现,北京市垃圾分类宣传工作整体到位,但仍有所欠缺。在宣传主体、宣传形式、宣传内容和长效性方面存在问题,需要系统改进。并基于此提出了北京市要建立多主体化、多层次、多样化和长效化的垃圾分类宣传机制。     

Back and Forth and Beyond

The Journal invited Tom Andersen, author of major pioneering work on the reflecting team, and his colleagues, to offer comment on The Reflecting Team Process in Training. We thought such a north-south dialogue was in keeping with the spirit of reflecting teams, and the team members in Melbourne and Tromsø agree — Editor.     

Time and aging--mechanisms and meanings

A recent European Molecular Biology Laboratory Conference on Science and Society entitled "Time & Aging--Mechanisms & Meanings" fascinated scientists from different research areas as well as nonscientists. Topics discussed included not only the biological aging process but also the psychological effects of aging and social influences that affect this process.     

Arts and Crafts and Reconstruction

Abstract

This paper examines the role of arts and crafts in reconstructing communities after times of upheaval, their use in creating employment opportunities, and their impact on the nature of South African art history. It looks at craft initiatives during and after the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, and draws parallels with early twentieth-century initiatives, particularly those of Florence Phillips, who founded the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 1910, Emily Hobhouse, who established Boer home industries, and the South African National Union, which promoted the manufacture and use of local products.     

Sexual Compulsivity and Sexual Behaviors Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Lesbian and Bisexual Women

Within the existing body of research, the information pertaining to sexual compulsivity (SC) among women, both homo- and heterosexual, remains rather limited in comparison to men. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SC in a community sample of gay and bisexual men and lesbian and bisexual women and to identify differences in sexual practices based on classification as sexually compulsive within gender. Supporting previous research, the findings indicated that gay and bisexual men were significantly higher in SC when compared to lesbian and bisexual women. Similarly, sexually compulsive gay and bisexual men were more likely to report drug use with sex than their non-sexually compulsive peers, suggesting that “party n' play” may play a larger role for men with SC. In addition, the findings demonstrated empirical support for the proposition that lesbian and bisexual women with symptoms of SC were more likely to engage in specialized sexual behaviors in comparison to their non-sexually compulsive peers. These data suggest that SC manifests differently in gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women.     

Evening and night work schedules and children's social and emotional well-being

ABSTRACT

An emerging body of evidence shows that parents’ non-standard work schedules have a detrimental effect on children's well-being. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated mediating factors that underpin this association. Likewise, only a few studies have examined the impact of fathers’ non-standard work schedules on children's well-being. Based on data from the Families in Germany Study (FiD), this study aimed to address these research gaps. The sample consists of parents and their children at ages 7–8 and 9–10 (n?=?838 child observations in dual-earner families). The data were collected in the years 2010–2013. Non-standard work hours were defined as working in evenings and or at night (every day, several times a week, or changing as shifts). Children's social and emotional well-being was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The findings show that both mothers’ and fathers’ evening and night work schedules are linked to an increase in children's externalizing and internalizing behavior and that this association is partially mediated by mothers’ and fathers’ harsh and strict parenting, with a stronger mediation effect for fathers parenting.     

Thinking and Speech and Protocol Analysis

Some form of verbal report—that is, a research participant' s concurrent or retrospective verbal account of thought processes during problem-solving activities—has been used throughout this century as the database from which psychologists have developed theories of human mentation. Newell and Simon (1972) and Ericsson and Simon (1980, 1993) have provided extensive justification for using one such method, protocol analysis, as a tool for investigating cognition from an information-processing (IP) perspective. Their arguments have characterized protocol analysis as a methodology capable of providing evidence of the ways in which people attend to information stored in short-term memory to solve problems, with the evidence providing them with the grounds from which to generate models of human cognitive processes. A different view of protocol analysis is available from the perspective of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) based on the work of Vygotsky (1987), Leont'ev (1981), and others, and its concern with the mediation of human development by culturally and historically grounded signs and tools. Because of its emphasis on culturally channeled development, a CHAT perspective views speech, including the speech that serves as evidence for cognition in psychological research, as a tool that potentially enables changes in consciousness. In this article I outline a CHAT perspective that accounts for protocol analysis along three key dimensions: (a) the relation between thinking and speech from a representational standpoint, (b) the social role of speech in research methodology, and (c) the influence of speech on thinking during data collection. The purpose of this discussion is not to refute the IP perspective on protocol analysis but to illustrate how this method can be viewed through a CHAT lens and to identify alternative assumptions that must be made to use it from a CHAT perspective.