Living on the margins: older homeless adults in Toronto

A handful of scholars have acknowledged that, along side the traditional homeless, there are now older people who become homeless for the first time in old age. Few researchers, however, have systematically compared the recent older homeless with the chronic or traditional homeless. In the research presented here, we compare recent older homeless with long-term older homeless adults in Toronto according to their health and wealth, their housing history, and their use of health and social services. Findings indicate that people who become homeless for the first time at older ages have needs that are different from the lifetime elderly homeless and require different approaches to intervention.     

Grannies,Elders, and Friends: Aging Aboriginal Women in Toronto

Based on a research project in Toronto, Canada, this article highlights the strengths and resiliency of 12 female Aboriginal Elders and seniors as they age together. For these women, being actively involved in their families and the Aboriginal community gives them a solid grounding in who they are, what their roles are and how they contribute to the whole. Of particular significance is the support and friendship the women offer each other through their commonalities, activities, and sense of humor.     

Diversity and Identity in the Non-profit Sector: Lessons from LGBT Organizing in Toronto

The objective of this paper is to explore the ways in which diversity is taken into account in the conceptualization, definition and role of the voluntary sector as well as policy debates around the recasting of relations between the state and the voluntary sectors. The paper is based on a study of voluntary sector organizing among lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) citizens in the city of Toronto. It presents an overview of LGBT voluntary sector organizing in the city, demonstrating the rich network of non‐profit organizations that serve the LGBT community in the city of Toronto, Canada's largest city. The paper argues that the dominant cross‐national and cross‐time definitions of the voluntary sector do not account for some of the specific features of LGBT organizing and result in the marginalization of such organizing from the very concept of the voluntary sector. The paper discusses the implications of this mapping for policy discussions of the state–voluntary sector relationship. Drawing on the Canadian experience of government consultation with voluntary sector organizations, the paper demonstrates that such initiatives define certain forms of diversity in voluntary sector organizing out of the policy‐making process. Traditional policy‐making around voluntary sector issues is organized in ways that exclude urban and local identity‐based organizing.     

Welfare to What? After Workfare in Toronto

An employment survey among people in Toronto who left Ontario Works — a classic "work-first" regime — shows clear secondary labour market status. Most interventions typical of work-first programmes did not have a positive effect on job quality: contrary to the "stepping stones" theory that poor initial jobs lead to better jobs, those who changed jobs after leaving assistance experienced poorer job quality. A shift in orientation to "sustainable employment" is required to address the employment needs of those on social assistance. Policy must also address the fact that the social assistance caseload includes a size able group that face significant barriers to employment other than education or skills.     

Immigrants' Perceptions of Housing Discrimination in Toronto: The Housing New Canadians Project

The Housing New Canadians project investigated recent immigrants' perceptions of discrimination in finding rental housing since arriving in Toronto, Canada. Respondents from three immigrant communities —Jamaicans, Poles, and Somalis ά—indicated how much housing discrimination they had personally experienced and how much discrimination they perceived to have been directed toward their group. They also rated how much each of several factors, including race, income level, source of income, immigrant status, language, ethnic or national background, religion, and family size, contributed to each type of perceived discrimination. Jamaican and Somali immigrants perceived greater personal and group discrimination and also showed a greater discrepancy between personal and group discrimination than did Polish immigrants. Implications are discussed.     

试谈黑龙江方言中的一种音变现象--脱落

黑龙江方言中的脱落现象主要包括两种情况 :一是音素的脱落 ,一是音节的脱落。本文重点描写这两种脱落的种种表现 ,同时揭示造成脱落的因素 ,还讨论了脱落同合音的关系以及脱落对书写形式的影响等问题。指出 :音节的弱化 (轻声 )导致脱落的现象是最常见的。此外 ,语速的快慢对于是否造成脱落以及脱落的具体形式有决定性的作用     

画坛"鸡王"马天骐

齐白石的虾、徐悲鸿的马、某某的梅、兰、竹、菊……当这些珍品呈现在艺术圣坛之上的时候,人们享受的都是一种震撼,一种包涵着时代呼唤、民族精神、历史积淀、思想结晶、艺术修养的综合性巨大震撼,这既是自然天成、又是约定俗成的一种由衷的震撼……     

中国艺术中的芦苇

芦苇在绘画、工艺、音乐中的应用较为普遍。在绘画领域,芦苇或出现在以表现江南美景的山水画中,或出现在渔隐主题的人物画中,或出现在以芦雁为题材的花鸟画中。在工艺方面,芦苇的装饰图案出现在陶瓷、染织等传统工艺品中。在音乐方面,芦苇可以卷而吹奏,与胡笳、芦管这两种乐器有着密切的关系。