New Material on the USSR Population Census

The USSR Central Statistical Administration has just released new data on the occupational composition and educational level of the Soviet population. This material is summarized in the following article from Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta, December 20, 1960.     

An Ethnodemographic Characterization of Family Structure in Kazan in 1967 (Based on the Results of a Sociological Study)

[Etnodemograficheskaia kharakteristika semeinoi struktury naseleniia Kazani v 1967 godu, po materialam sotsiologicheskogo issledovaniia]     

Public Education in the USSR in Figures (A Brief Survey)

The 1925-1939 data adduced in this article pertain to the territorial bounds of the USSR as of September 17, 1939, while those for 1914, as well as for 1940-1967, pertain to the USSR within its present boundaries. In certain cases the 1966 and 1967 data are preliminary and may undergo modification.     

Ethnic Identity and the Population Count (How the State Carried Out the All-Russia Census)

Soviet justice has the function of assuring a just trial [sud], and of administering justice in accordance with right and the law.     

Social security in the USSR

Social security systems reflect the political and economic realities of their country. The history of the Soviet social security system lends support to this thesis. Its basic features were drawn during Stalin's forceful drive towards heavy industrialization and they remained pretty much the same over the years despite many changes, often of significant detail. It was a system financed by the state, providing earnings-related benefits to workers who fulfilled their work obligations and favouring those in the Communist Party, government and industry whose contribution was deemed to be most useful to the state and the economy. The absence of political freedom meant that open criticism of existing provisions was very difficult, while the emphasis of successive governments on defence and space exploration inevitably meant that state funds for social security suffered and with them the level and range of benefits. The collapse of the Soviet Union has resulted in widespread hardship among those relying on benefits and has created a situation where new social security systems are needed to reflect the new political and economic realities.     

Folklore Research in the USSR

This article reports on die study of folklore as a source of national culture and of formal art. Appearing in a journal issued by the USSR Academy of Sciences, it indicates the studies currently in progress and some organizational features of Soviet folklore research. ("Urgent Problems of Folklore Research," Vestnik Akademii Nauk, 1960, No. 7, 1960—slightly abridged.)     

Atheism and Religion in the USSR

The authors of this article attempt to define the religious person in the USSR, including such aspects as degree of faith, age, sex and nationality. They examine various social forces tending to produce religious belief and describe the efforts of churches on the one hand, and of atheist organizations on the other, to win adherents to their respective viewpoints. "Concreteness in the Study and Overcoming of Religion," Voprosy Filosofii, 1961, No. 3 — slightly abridged.     

日本军国主义兴亡与对俄(苏)战争

20世纪上半期日本与俄国(苏联)之间的五次战争或武装冲突(1904—1905年的日俄战争、1918—1922年的日本武装干涉苏俄、1938年张鼓峰事件、1939年诺门坎事件、1945年苏联红军参加对日作战),反映了日本军国主义在对外侵略扩张中由兴而衰进而被反法西斯的正义战争埋葬的必然性,揭示了军国主义是一条绝路,任何复活日本军国主义的企图永远不会得逞的历史规律。     

Women in the USSR: Statistical Data

"In the USSR, women are granted equal rights with men in all spheres of economic, governmental, cultural, and social and political life."     

On Promulgation of the Principles of Correctional Labor Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics

The Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics orders:

Article 1. Promulgation of the Principles of Correctional Labor Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics and that they go into effect as of November 1, 1969.     

The Study of Chinese History in the USSR

The path taken by Soviet scholarship for more than fifty years in the study of Chinese history can be properly evaluated only if one has a notion of the initial level upon which the first Soviet researchers had to build.     

On (Not) "Coloring in the Outline"

This article provides an overview and analysis of 10 studies on violence and injustice from the perspective of youth. These articles are contained in the issue of Journal of Social Issues entitled Youth Perspectives on Violence and Injustice and, in the articles, the authors offer a unique opportunity to go far beyond the current discursive terrains of youth and violence. Through a reinterpretation of what is conceptualized as normative, an expansion of the conceptualization of "youth" and an exploration of a broad range of topics, contexts and methods, the issue explores five provocative and significant critical themes. These themes are: methodology is critical; youth as subject, not object; gift and danger of a clinical approach; centrality of school? and at the intersection of social justice and development . The impact of popular culture on youth and violence and the importance of examining what adults value as "entertainment" are discussed also.     

再造广州再生资源物质回收利用网络的思考

我国是个人均资源匮乏的国家,资源环境与经济增长的矛盾突出。广州作为我国特大型城市,2006年GDP达6068亿人民币,但经济粗放型增长方式没有根本改变,化解资源环境与经济增长的尖锐矛盾,已成为当前和今后一个时期广州市必须面对的重大挑战。本文对再造广州再生资源物质回收利用网络的问题进行了探索,提出"再造"、再生资源的涵义以及再造广州再生资源物质回收利用网络建设的重要性、紧迫性、可行性,并对传统废旧物质利用网络与现代再生资源回收利用网络进行了对比,阐述了用循环经济的理念推进再生资源物质回收利用网络的问题。