流动人口户籍迁移意愿的分层模型研究

将2016年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据和城市特征数据进行匹配,使用非线性分层模型分析了流动人口户籍迁移意愿的影响因素。结果表明,流动人口的个人基本特征、经济状况、流动特征对户籍迁移意愿存在单独的影响,流入城市特征不存在对流动人口户籍迁移意愿的直接影响,但通过流动人口个人层面特征跨层交互作用于流动人口的户籍迁移意愿。有子女随迁和在流入地居留时间越长的流动人口户籍迁移意愿越强,流入地的教育公共服务质量越好越会强化这种倾向;已在流入地购房、受教育程度越高、女性流动人口的户籍迁移意愿更高,流入地的人口规模越大越会加强这种作用。     

务工型老年流动人口的特征解析 ——基于定居意愿的比较

务工型老年流动人口是一个兼具独特性与复杂性的流动人口群体.虽然务工型老年流动人口的诸多特征看似介于非务工型老年流动人口与务工型中年流动人口之间,但是,本文利用2017年全国流动人口动态监测数据,通过健康状态与在业状况对定居意愿影响模式的分析与比较发现,生命周期及代际支持理论对务工型老年流动人口定居意愿的适用性远高于市场...     

延边朝鲜族人口流动的特征和影响因素研究

朝鲜族是我国人口较多的少数民族之一,流动人口比例较大,跨境流动现象普遍。人口流动可以改善个人和家庭的社会经济状况,但是也给边境地区朝鲜族聚居地的可持续发展带来不利影响。本文利用吉林省延边地区朝鲜族人口流动的调查数据,分析非流动人口、境内流动人口和跨境流动人口的特征,通过Logistic回归模型研究不同类型流动人口的影响因素。回归结果表明,性别、年龄、婚姻状况、外出经历是影响朝鲜族人口流动的主要因素,性别、年龄、婚姻状况同样是影响朝鲜族流动人口是否进行跨境流动的主要因素,而受教育水平、语言能力等因素对于人口流动的影响并不显著。政府应进一步规范劳务输出途径,加强流动人口职业技能培训,加大对返乡劳动者创业的扶持力度,推动朝鲜族聚居地区经济社会发展,维护边境地区人口和社会稳定。     

新生代流动人口的生育期望及其影响因素

本文以计划生育政策的实施历史与流动人口主体的转变为背景,提出本文的研究对象新生代流动人口。根据实证调查资料,提出新生代流动人口生育期望的理论假设,运用定量统计的方法,从期望生育数量、生育时间、生育目的、性别偏好等4个方面对新生代流动人口的生育期望现状进行描述分析,指出新生代流动人口与传统流动人口以及新生代农村人口生育期望的异同。以生育期望的四个方面为因变量分别建立回归模型,解释个人背景、婚育状况以及流动经历对新生代流动人口生育期望的影响,最后提出改善新生代流动人口生育期望的建议。     

流动人口社会融合影响因素实证分析——基于湖南省流动人口动态监测调查数据

2012年．国家人口计生委组织了第五次“流动人口动态监测调查”,在湖南省抽取的样本分布在长株潭等14个地市,本文以该样本数据为基础,选取流动人口融入意愿、对城市喜爱程度、对城市发展关注度、城市居民接纳态度等四个指标来衡量流动人口社会融合状况：运用OLS计量模型。对流动人口社会融合影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明：经济因素不再是影响流动人口社会融合的主要因素,流动人口年龄、受教育水平、社会公共政策等成为重要影响因素：女性比男性具有更高社会融合度;受教育水平越高、积极参加社区活动和城镇职工医疗保险的流动人口具有更高社会融合度。     

青年流动人口就医流向选择的影响因素与测度分析——基于北京、上海和深圳调查

通过探讨和研究青年流动人口就医流向,为认识和分析青年流动人口就医问题提供数据和依据,为提高我国青年流动人口的健康水平、优化卫生资源配置、促进卫生资源分配的公平合理、完善我国青年流动人口异地就医政策提供理论基础。故此,根据消费者选择效用最大化原理,应用就医地点对就医者的效用满足函数,构建基于效用最大化的青年流动人口就医行为选择及影响因素评估模型,从就医机构选择的预测概率、离散变化和Odds Ratios等角度对影响因素的重要程度及影响大小进行定量测度和分析,结论显示:青年流动人口的个体特质人口学因素、经济支持因素和生理因素对青年流动人口的就医流向影响具有统计显著性,但对不同就医方式选择的影响大小不尽相同,教育程度和在业状况对就医流向的影响最大,并根据影响因素程度的不同,提出了相应的对策和建议。     

河南息县“三个服务”关爱流动人口

近日,河南省息县人口计生委开展了形式多样、内容丰富的为流动人口送温暖宣传服务活动。开展宣传服务活动。县人口计生委组织了工作人员进村入户走访外出务工人员家庭,向他们宣传计生法律法规及生殖健康知识,还赠送了＂流动人口计生服务大礼包＂,让流动人口明白自己的权利和义务,了解他们生活、外出务工状况,帮助他们解决生产、生活、生育等方面的实际困难。开展办证服务活动。村级管理员上门为外出务工、经商的育龄群众提供办理婚育证明等服务。     

基于分层线性模型的流动人口社会融合影响因素研究

根据2012年全国流动人口动态监测结果和反映31个省市基本公共服务均等化的指标数据,建立分层线性模型从流动人口个体和省级层面考察影响流动人口社会融合的影响因素和作用程度的大小。研究发现,流动人口的社会融合不仅与个人因素有关,而且还受地区基本公共服务差异化的影响。个体层面从户口性质、就业状况、医疗保险、自我融入意愿、本地人接受程度、收入情况与住房条件解释流动人口社会融合差异的63?12％;省级层面从基础教育、医疗卫生、公共就业及基本社会保障解释流动人口社会融合的差异为36?83％。最后从政府、公民社会参与角度出发,提出促进流动人口社会融合的措施和建议。     

中国流动人口梯次流动的实证研究

利用中国人民大学人口与发展研究中心2009年在北京朝阳区、广东东莞市和浙江诸暨市组织进行的流动人口调查数据,对中国流动人口梯次流动进行实证研究。研究发现,流动人口的地理梯次流动、职业梯次流动和家庭梯次流动均不同程度地存在,地理梯次流动受到个人特征、流动经历和父辈的"探路者"效应的影响,职业梯次流动受到流动经历、职业稳定性以及与流入地居民来往状况的影响,家庭梯次流动受到家庭成员特征、耕地面积、流动经历、流入地亲人数量的影响。     

流动女性的婚姻质量及其影响因素

文章利用＂流动人口的婚姻家庭调查研究＂课题收集的数据,对流动女性的婚姻质量现状进行描述。在对中外关于流动人口和婚姻质量进行文献回顾的基础上,提出影响流动女性婚姻质量因素的假设,进而对实证资料进行回归分析,结果表明个人条件、流动经历、物质条件以及婚育状况等都是流动女性婚姻质量的影响因素。     

社会融合视角下中国老年流动人口居留意愿的影响因素

将老年流动人口视为同质性群体易忽视其个体主观能动性,因此从社会融合视角,利用潜在类别分析方法将老年流动人口进行分类,分为积极融合型和消极融合型。不同类型老年流动人口居留意愿选择偏好存在异质性,积极融合型老年流动人口更倾向于选择"长期居留"。对比其影响因素的差异,发现消极融合型老年流动人口"长期居留"意愿的影响因素明显增多。与全样本对比,潜在类别划分后的老年流动人口居留意愿受个人特征影响显著。针对较高的社会融入需求和不同的居留意愿,应统筹做好老年流动人口户籍需求和住房保障,积极推进老年流动人口养老服务能力建设,不断提升老年流动人口医疗卫生保障质量,开展老年流动人口示范街区建设,提高老年流动人口社会融合能力。     

西安市外来人口的居住空间隔离研究

通过2010年和2000年普查数据分析了西安市外来人口空间分布状况，发现从2000年到2010年西安市呈现中心区域外来人口的聚集度下降、外围区域聚集度上升的特点；而空间隔离程度变化不大；又通过实地调查数据分析了影响外来人口与城市居民空间隔离的因素，发现对外来人口居住空间隔离有影响的因素为个体的留城意愿、居住稳定性、所在社区的性质和所在区域。     

此心安处是吾乡--流动人口身份认同的区域差异研究

身份认同是流动人口社会融合的重要组成部分,受客观社会环境和主观意愿等多方面因素的影响。利用2014年“流动人口社会融合及心理健康调查”数据,使用线性回归和二元逻辑斯蒂回归方法,分析当前制度区隔与结构排斥下流动人口身份认同的地区差异,文章发现,流动人口身份认同的现状较为复杂,呈现认同意愿“内部有别”与认同结果“人地一致”的特点,即“居留意愿”较低的城市中流动人口的“入籍意愿”较高,“融入于地”状况较好的城市中流动人口“本地人身份认同”度同样较高。从区域分割视角来看,除“入籍意愿”较高外,东部大城市流动人口的身份认同状况不容乐观。同时,受流动跨越行政距离的影响,省内流动人口具有较强的“内部优势”,其身份认同状况优于跨省而来的流动人口。     

Migrant women of Mindanao: a differential profile from the 1983 National Demographic Survey

Researchers analyzed 1983 data on 3644 ever married 15-49 year old women living in Mindanao, a traditionally Muslim dominated area, in the Philippines to look at differentials in socioeconomic and demographic factors between migrant and nonmigrant women. When they controlled for other variables, differentials existed only for place of residence, religion, and education. Women living in urban areas were more likely to be migrants than nonmigrants (26.9% vs. 18.6%; p.01). Christians also tended to be migrants (92.3% vs. 7.7%; p/01). Yet the coefficient of the interaction between place of residence and Christian was strongly negative (p.01). Thus the odds of an urban resident being a migrant was reduced from 1.46-1.15 when considering Christians. Among Christians, differences in education between migrants and nonmigrants was small. On the other hand, the more educated a Muslim woman was the less likely she was a migrant (p.05). Further all socioeconomic differentials were consistently significant at either the 1% or 5% level for women who migrated 2 times, but not for primary migrants or return migrants. Women who migrated 3 times and those who migrated back to where they had lived earlier, but not to place of birth, were different than nonmigrants in terms of occupation and education only. In the early 1970s, armed conflicts between Muslims and Christians and between government troops and Muslim groups resulted in considerable displacement of families. Yet this conflict could only account for differentials between the 2 religious groups before 1975, but these data could not infer other reasons for migration. Researchers should explore these reasons. These result indicated that policy makers should focus on religious and place of residence differentials rather than migrant/nonmigrant differentials to promote equality among groups of women.     

Interrelations between migration and fertility in Thailand

Based on special tabulations of 1960 census data on migration within Thailand, this analysis attempts to assess the role of migration in the urbanization process and the relation between migration and fertility. The importance of migration to urban growth is evidenced by the clearcut positive relationship between the percentage of persons classified as either lifetime or 5-year migrants and the urban character of their 1960 place of residence. Yet, the evidence also points to an increasing proportion of urban growth in recent decades attributable to natural increase. The specific relation between fertility and migration varies depending on the measure of migration used: Compared to nonmigrants in their place of destination, the fertility levels of lifetime migrants are not very different; but those of 5-year migrants are considerably lower. Regardless of migration status, however, fertility level is markedly lower for those living in urban places compared to those in rural places. This suggests the important role of both migration and urbanization in affecting fertility levels in Thailand.     

Tracking rural-to-urban migration in China: Lessons from the 2005 inter-census population survey

We examined migration in China using the 2005 inter-census population survey, in which migrants were registered at both their place of original (hukou) residence and at their destination. We find evidence that the estimated number of internal migrants in China is extremely sensitive to the enumeration method. We estimate that the traditional destination-based survey method fails to account for more than a third of migrants found using comparable origin-based methods. The ‘missing’ migrants are disproportionately young, male, and holders of rural hukou. We find that origin-based methods are more effective at capturing migrants who travel short distances for short periods, whereas destination-based methods are more effective when entire households have migrated and no remaining family members are located at the hukou location. We conclude with a set of policy recommendations for the design of population surveys in countries with large migrant populations.     

Residence background and fertility in Greater Bombay

Abstract The residence background of wives who migrate to metropolitan areas plays an important role in determining their fertility. From the data collected during 1966, relating to 7,872 currently married women of Greater Bombay, an attempt was made to establish differentials in marital fertility by residence background of the wives. This was categorized into three groups - non-migrants, urban migrants and rural migrants. It was observed that rural migrant wives exhibited significantly higher fertility compared with the other two groups, and this was explained by their lower educational attainment. Between the non-migrant and the urban migrant wives the latter consistently showed lower fertility for all age groups up to 40, while there was a reversal in the age group 40 and above, where non-migrants exhibited lower fertility. The urban migrant wives showed a somewhat higher level of education, most likely on account of selectivity, compared to the non-migrants. However, presence of a sizeable number of Parsee wives, characterized by a distinct urban culture and considerably lower fertility, was largely responsible for the low fertility of the non-migrant wives in the age group 40 and above. The variable that has emerged as the most influential in creating fertility differentials is education of the wife, which is shown to be negatively associated with the level of fertility. Wife's education explains to a large extent the observed fertility differentials by residence background.     

City-suburban destination choices among migrants to metropolitan areas

An analysis of destination choices among metropolitan bound migrants in an already highly urban society is a means toward gauging trends in the urbanization process. The results of this paper indicated that destination choices were strongly influenced by SMSA size, with larger SMSAs and particularly their suburban rings attractive to migrants. This pattern suggested the further growth of the larger SMSAs, to the detriment of those smaller in size. In addition, the varied status of migrants entering the ring pointed toward its increased heterogeneity. Yet, among small SMSAs, the central city received more and higher-status migrants than the ring. Here, destination choice was also linked to similarity to the migrant's past residence. Regional differences emerged, and a closer examination of small and very large SMSAs suggested that destination choices were influenced by previous patterns of urban growth.     

Internal Migration and Life Satisfaction: Well-Being Paths of Young Adult Migrants

Internal migration is typically associated with higher income, but its relation with life satisfaction remains unclear. Is internal migration accompanied by an increase in life satisfaction and does this increase depend on the reason for moving? What are the aspects of life underlying overall life satisfaction that change following migration? These questions are addressed using longitudinal data from the Swedish Young Adult Panel Study. Migration is defined as a change in municipality of residence. Comparing migrants to non-migrants, it is found that internal migration is accompanied by a short to medium term increase in life satisfaction for those who move due to work (work migrants), as well as those who move for other reasons (non-work migrants). However, only work migrants display an improvement in life satisfaction that remains significant 6 or more years following the move. Work and non-work migrants also differ in the aspects of life that change following migration. For work migrants the move is accompanied by an improvement in occupational status positively associated with well-being 6–10 years after the move. For non-work migrants, a persisting increase in housing satisfaction follows migration, but this housing improvement is accompanied by only a short to medium term increase in overall well-being.