共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 9 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Durkin JT 《Journal of population economics》1998,11(2):273-291
This paper analyzes the welfare effects of immigration and its subsequent effect on ethnic diversity in a model featuring
human capital spillovers which depend on the degree of ethnic heterogeneity, variation rates of time preference across individuals
and endogenous levels of immigration and assimilation. In the model, an increase in ethnic diversity reduces the spillovers
effect for the majority. Nonetheless, immigration can be welfare improving for the majority ethnic group even if it increases
the degree of diversity as long as it raises the average human capital level and/or growth rate by increasing the proportion
of people with low rates of time preference. However, if an economy is too homogenous, it will not be able to attract immigrants.
Finally, if the level of immigration is not too high, then immigration also raises the net benefits to assimilation which
leads to a more homogenous economy.
Received: 18 February 1997 / Accepted: 16 July 1997 相似文献
4.
5.
When a country is the recipient of large-scale, politically motivated immigration – as has been the case for Israel in recent
years – the initial impact is to reduce real wages. Over the longer term, however, the endogenous response of investment,
together with increasing returns, may well actually increase real earnings. If immigration itself is not wholly exogenous,
but respond to real wages, they may be multiple equilibria, that is, optimism or pessimism about the success of the economy
at absorbing immigrants may constitute a self-fulfilling prophecy.
Received August 22, 1994 / Accepted August 23, 1995 相似文献
6.
Poul Schou 《Journal of population economics》2006,19(4):671-689
Economic theory points out that immigration of even low-skilled immigrants may improve public finances in Western welfare states, and it is sometimes suggested that fiscal sustainability problems in Western countries caused by ageing populations could be solved by increasing immigration. We examine consequences of various immigration scenarios using the large-scale computable general equilibrium model Danish rational economic agents model describing the Danish economy. It turns out that increased immigration will generally worsen the Danish fiscal sustainability problem. Improved economic integration of immigrants and their descendants, however, may alleviate the problems of the public sector considerably.
Responsible editor: Klaus F. Zimmermann 相似文献
7.
Douglas Lee Eckberg 《Demography》1995,32(1):1-16
Bureau of the Census death registration records, as reported in Mortality Statistics, are a primary source for early twentieth-century U.S. homicide statistics. Those data appear to show a massive rise in homicide during the first decade of the century, with a continuing increase through 1933. This increase is quite at variance with the trend away from violence in other industrialized societies. During the first one-third of the century, however, death registration was incomplete; it occurred only in an expanding “registration area” that was composed, in the earlier years, primarily of states with typically low rates of homicide. Further, in the first decade of the century homicides within the registration area often were reported as accidental deaths. As a result, apparent increases in rates of homicide in the United States between 1900 and 1933 may be illusory. I use a two-step process to address these problems. Drawing on internal evidence and commentaries in early volumes of Mortality Statistics, I use GLS regression to estimate the prevalence of undercounts. Then I create a series of GLS models that use registration area data to estimate early twentieth-century national rates. These estimates call into question the extent of homicide change early in the century. 相似文献
8.
The study assesses housing hierarchies among immigrants in Israel by investigating three different but complementary paths: homeownership, crowding, and access to housing goods. Data from the most recent Israeli census in 1995 (the 20% version file) allows us to classify the immigrant population by 46 countries or areas of origin, each meeting the criterion of having a minimum of 100 sample cases. I controlled for several confounding factors: immigration characteristics, community of residence, demographic and human-capital variables, household composition, and housing characteristics. The results of multivariate analyses suggest that membership in approximately half of the immigrant groups has a statistically significant effect on homeownership. Representing very different origin groups from developing countries in Asia and Africa, as well as developed areas in Western Europe and America, most of the effects are negative relative to the reference group of Polish Jews. The pace of home acquisition is fastest among immigrants from several former Soviet republics and slowest among Syrian and Ethiopian Israelis. A better ethnic hierarchy was found for the other two characteristics, crowding and housing goods, with immigrants from Asia, Africa, and Eastern Europe being at a disadvantage. Many of these gaps close as immigrants purchase housing and gain tenure in Israel. The pace of advancement, however, is not uniform. I speculate that the differences in pace reflect structural characteristics, cultural background, and immigration processes, as well as absorption policy, which were not fully indexed by the census data. The discussion addresses broader implications of the findings for ethnic differences and social stratification in immigration countries. 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
Journal of Population Research - Contrary to popular belief, the low rates of institutionalisation of the ethnic minority aged cannot be explained by a greater availability of family support for... 相似文献
12.
S. Mitra 《Demography》1990,27(1):121-129
The long-term demographic effects of immigration on a population experiencing below-replacement fertility are studied by assuming that the size and age composition of the immigrant population do not change over time. The size of the first-generation immigrant population becomes stationary within a time period not greater than the human life span. Thereafter, the number dying equals the number entering over any given time interval. The stationarity of the native population, among which deaths exceed births, is maintained by the compensating number of births to the immigrant population. The limiting age distribution of the country's population, although stationary, may not decline monotonically with age and may look like a camel's back, with one or two humps. 相似文献
13.
14.
Michel Beine 《Journal of population economics》2018,31(1):69-106
We analyse the impact of temporary foreign workers (TFWs) and permanent immigrants on interprovincial mobility in Canada. Empirical results are analysed through the lens of a theoretical model that incorporates a job-matching framework in a migration model à la Harris and Todaro. The effect of the inflow of TFWs in interprovincial mobility is negative, substantial and significant. This is not the case for the inflow of permanent immigrants selected through the Canadian point system. The robustness of these empirical results to issues of endogeneity is assessed through a classical instrumentation approach as well as through a diff-in-diff analysis taking advantage of a pilot project facilitating the admission of TFWs in two Western provinces over the 2007–2010 period. Our paper suggests that, in general, the impact of immigration on labour market conditions depends critically on the way immigration policy is set. 相似文献
15.
In the decades after the second world war, California's highly educated workforce was a central part of the booming California
economy, especially in the 1950s and 1960s when large numbers of migrants arrived from the Middle West and the East Coast.
Now in the last decade of the twentieth century there is evidence that California's educational advantage may be shifting.
The overall levels of education in California's workforce are decreasing relatively, with real implications for the future
human capital of California. The data show lower education levels in California and a reversal of previous patterns when California's
workforce was more educated than the nation as a whole. The implications for the future of California as a cutting edge economy
are less clear, but it is possible that increasingly, California will be competing with other states for the fast-growing
and well-paying jobs in the high technology sector. The future of the California workforce will be closely bound up with the
education of the immigrant stock already in California and with the continuing flows from Mexico and Central America. 相似文献
16.
17.
Charlotte Brunsdon 《Feminist Media Studies》2013,13(3):375-394
This essay argues that Prime Suspect has become a canonical text for feminist television studies and that Helen Mirren's performance of Lynda La Plante's creation has provided an influential template for television, and the broader culture, to imagine what a senior female police officer is like. So Jane Tennison is important not only within the depicted world of the “canteen culture” of the police in Prime Suspect, but also within the broader context of television production where she has demonstrated that crime shows with female leads can be extremely successful. Juxtaposing Prime Suspect with two later “girly” British TV police series, I ask how we might approach the “daughters of Jane Tennison” found in series such as Ghost Squad (2005) and Murder in Suburbia (2004–2006). Are these “postfeminist” shows? I argue that attention to these programmes can productively inform our understanding of what is entailed for women in not being “fuddy-duddy,” and my comments thus engage, in the continuing debate about the utility and periodisation of the notion of “postfeminism.” 相似文献
18.
We study the effects of immigration on the diversity of consumption choices. Data from California in the 1990s indicate that
immigration is associated with fewer stand-alone retail stores and a greater number of large and in particular big-box retailers—evidence
that likely contradicts a diversity-enhancing effect of immigration. In contrast, focusing on the restaurant sector for which
we can better identify the types of products consumed by customers, we find that immigration is associated with increased
ethnic diversity of restaurants. This latter effect appears to come in part from the comparative advantage of immigrants in
the production of ethnic goods. 相似文献
19.
Journal of Population Research - 相似文献
20.
The 1990 Public Use Micro Sample is used to analyze the relationship between immigration and outmigration of the native born in New York City. The study population is limited to native born males who lived in the five boroughs in 1985. The relationship between immigration and the probability of various kinds of moves is assessed using logistic regression. Results suggest that immigration has an insignificant effect on migratory behavior, with the exception of inter-borough migration. Unlike prior work, this study examines a single metro area, and does not limit itself to inter-state migration. These results are consistent with more recent work (Card 2001; Kritz et al. 2001), which has failed to find a positive labor market level effect of immigration on native migratory behavior. The inter-borough finding is consistent with the occurrence of voluntary residential segregation within the city, in which the native born move away from areas of immigrant concentration but do not leave the labor market, yet there is no direct evidence that this process occurred. 相似文献